Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Accipitriformes > Accipitridae > Haliaeetus > Haliaeetus leucocephalus

Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle)

Synonyms: Falco leucocephalus
Language: French; Spanish

Wikipedia Abstract

The bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus, from Greek hali "sea", aiētos "eagle", leuco "white", cephalos "head") is a bird of prey found in North America. A sea eagle, it has two known subspecies and forms a species pair with the white-tailed eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla). Its range includes most of Canada and Alaska, all of the contiguous United States, and northern Mexico. It is found near large bodies of open water with an abundant food supply and old-growth trees for nesting.
View Wikipedia Record: Haliaeetus leucocephalus

Infraspecies

Haliaeetus leucocephalus leucocephalus (Southern bald eagle)
Haliaeetus leucocephalus washingtoniensis

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
21
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 7.19671
EDGE Score: 2.10373
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  10.45 lbs (4.74 kg)
Birth Weight [3]  117 grams
Female Weight [6]  11.795 lbs (5.35 kg)
Male Weight [6]  9.105 lbs (4.13 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [6]  29.5 %
Breeding Habitat [2]  Wetlands
Wintering Geography [2]  Widespread U.S./Canada
Wintering Habitat [2]  Wetlands, Coastal saltmarshes
Diet [4]  Carnivore (Vertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Ectothermic [4]  20 %
Diet - Endothermic [4]  30 %
Diet - Fish [4]  30 %
Diet - Scavenger [4]  20 %
Forages - Aerial [4]  10 %
Forages - Canopy [4]  10 %
Forages - Mid-High [4]  10 %
Forages - Ground [4]  30 %
Forages - Water Surface [4]  40 %
Clutch Size [7]  2
Clutches / Year [5]  1
Fledging [1]  74 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [2]  250,000
Incubation [5]  35 days
Maximum Longevity [5]  48 years
Raptor Research Conservation Priority [8]  166
Snout to Vent Length [1]  31 inches (80 cm)
Wing Span [9]  7.544 feet (2.3 m)
Female Maturity [5]  4 years
Male Maturity [5]  4 years

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

+ Click for partial list (100)Full list (249)

Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

Name Location  IBA Criteria   Website   Climate   Land Use 
Chehalis River Estuary Canada A4i
Squamish River Area Canada A4ii

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
California Floristic Province Mexico, United States No
Mesoamerica Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama No

Emblem of

United States

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle)[10]
Procyon lotor (Raccoon)[19]

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 3Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 5de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 6Palmer, RS 1962–1988 Handbook of North American Birds. Yale University Press, New Haven CT. Volumes 1–5
♦ 7Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 8Buechley ER, Santangeli A, Girardello M, et al. Global raptor research and conservation priorities: Tropical raptors fall prey to knowledge gaps. Divers Distrib. 2019;25:856–869. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12901
♦ 9Alaska Wildlife Notebook Series, Alaska Department of Fish and Game
♦ 10Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 11Food Web Relationships of Northern Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca : a Synthesis of the Available Knowledge, Charles A. Simenstad, Bruce S. Miller, Carl F. Nyblade, Kathleen Thornburgh, and Lewis J. Bledsoe, EPA-600 7-29-259 September 1979
♦ 12Conepatus leuconotus (Carnivora: Mephitidae), JERRY W. DRAGOO AND STEVEN R. SHEFFIELD, MAMMALIAN SPECIES 827:1–8 (2009)
♦ 13Geomys bursarius (Rodentia: Geomyidae), MATTHEW B. CONNIOR, MAMMALIAN SPECIES 43(879):104–117 (2011)
♦ 14Anurans as prey: an exploratory analysis and size relationships between predators and their prey, L. F. Toledo, R. S. Ribeiro & C. F. B. Haddad, Journal of Zoology 271 (2007) 170–177
♦ 15Making The Forest And Tundra Wildlife Connection
♦ 16Sylvilagus palustris, Joseph A. Chapman and Gale R. Willner, Mammalian Species No. 153, pp. 1-3 (1981)
♦ 17Spermophilus richardsonii, Gail R. Michener and James W. Koeppl, Mammalian Species No. 243, pp. 1-8, (1985)
♦ 18Alopex lagopus, Alexandra M. Audet, C. Brian Robbins, and Serge Larivière, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 713, pp. 1–10 (2002)
♦ 19Study of Northern Virginia Ecology
♦ 20Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0