Animalia > Chordata > Mammalia > Didelphimorphia > Didelphidae > Didelphis > Didelphis virginianaDidelphis virginiana (Virginia Opossum)Synonyms: Didelphis marsupialis virginiana Language: French; Spanish The Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), commonly known as the North American opossum, is the only marsupial found in North America north of Mexico. In the United States, it is typically referred to simply as a possum. It is a solitary and nocturnal animal about the size of a domestic cat. It is a successful opportunist. It is familiar to many North Americans as it is often seen near towns, rummaging through garbage cans, or as roadkill. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 19.92 EDGE Score: 3.04 |
Adult Weight [1] | 3.086 lbs (1.40 kg) | Birth Weight [2] | .16 grams | Female Weight [2] | 4.189 lbs (1.90 kg) | Male Weight [2] | 6.173 lbs (2.80 kg) | Weight Dimorphism [2] | 47.4 % |  | Diet [3] | Carnivore (Invertebrates), Carnivore (Vertebrates), Herbivore | Diet - Invertibrates [3] | 20 % | Diet - Plants [3] | 20 % | Diet - Scavenger [3] | 30 % | Diet - Vertibrates [3] | 30 % | Forages - Scansorial [3] | 100 % |  | Female Maturity [4] | 6 months 4 days | Male Maturity [4] | 8 months 3 days |  | Gestation [4] | 12 days | Litter Size [4] | 15 | Litters / Year [2] | 2 | Maximum Longevity [4] | 7 years | Nocturnal [5] | Yes | Snout to Vent Length [1] | 16 inches (40 cm) | Speed [2] | 4.474 MPH (2 m/s) | Weaning [4] | 3 months 12 days |
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Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Allegheny Highlands forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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|
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Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
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|
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Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
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|
|
Atlantic coastal pine barrens |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
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|
|
Bajío dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
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|
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Balsas dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
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|
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Belizean pine forests |
Belize |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
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Central American Atlantic moist forests |
Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Central American dry forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
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|
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Central American montane forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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|
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Central American pine-oak forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
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|
|
Central and Southern mixed grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Central forest-grasslands transition |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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Central Mexican matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Central tall grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Central U.S. hardwood forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
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|
|
Chiapas Depression dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
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Chiapas montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Chihuahuan desert |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
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|
|
Chimalapas montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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Costa Rican seasonal moist forests |
Costa Rica |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
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East Central Texas forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Eastern forest-boreal transition |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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|
|
Edwards Plateau savanna |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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Everglades |
United States |
Neotropic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
|
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Flint Hills tall grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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|
Florida sand pine scrub |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests |
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Jalisco dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
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Meseta Central matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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|
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Mesoamerican Gulf-Caribbean mangroves |
Bahamas, United Kingdom |
Neotropic |
Mangroves |
|
|
|
|
Middle Atlantic coastal forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Miskito pine forests |
Honduras, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Mississippi lowland forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Motagua Valley thornscrub |
Guatemala |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
New England-Acadian forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Northeastern coastal forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Northern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Mangroves |
|
|
|
|
Oaxacan montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Ozark Mountain forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Pantanos de Centla |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Petén-Veracruz moist forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Belize |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Piney Woods forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra de los Tuxtlas |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
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|
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Sierra Madre de Chiapas moist forest |
Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
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|
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Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
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|
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Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
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Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sinaloan dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
South Florida rocklands |
United States |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Southeastern conifer forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Southeastern mixed forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Southern Great Lakes forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Southern Mesoamerican Pacific mangroves |
Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Mangroves |
|
|
|
|
Southern Pacific dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Talamancan montane forests |
Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Tamaulipan matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Tamaulipan mezquital |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Tehuacán Valley matorral |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Texas blackland prairies |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Veracruz dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Veracruz moist forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Veracruz montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Western Gulf Coastal grasslands |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Western short grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Yucatán dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Yucatán moist forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Belize |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
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|
Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Antietam National Battlefield |
III |
3263 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
|
Assateague Island National Seashore |
II |
8621 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
|
Big Bend Biosphere Reserve National Park |
II |
815561 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Big Cypress National Preserve |
V |
732120 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
Big Thicket Biosphere Reserve National Park |
II |
616880 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Bladen Branch Nature Reserve |
Ia |
100225 |
Belize |
|
|
|
|
Buffalo National River National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
59947 |
Arkansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
California Coast Ranges Biosphere Reserve |
|
153447 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Canaveral National Seashore |
II |
9090 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cape Cod National Seashore |
II |
21724 |
Massachusetts, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cape Hatteras National Seashore |
II |
21476 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cape Lookout National Seashore |
II |
18379 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
8964 |
South Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Carolinian-South Atlantic Biosphere Reserve |
|
310228 |
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Carrizo Plain Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
7550 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Catoctin Mountain Park National Park |
II |
5994 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
|
Central Gulf Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve |
|
40530 |
United States |
|
|
|
|
Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Reserve |
|
9859505 |
New York, Vermont, United States |
|
|
|
|
Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area |
V |
7622 |
Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Chickasaw National Recreation Area |
V |
7025 |
Oklahoma, United States |
|
|
|
|
Chiquibul Forest Reserve |
VI |
148670 |
Belize |
|
|
|
|
Congaree Swamp National Park |
II |
6095 |
South Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Corcovado National Park |
|
115845 |
Costa Rica |
|
|
|
|
Coronado National Monument National Memorial |
III |
4360 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cosumnes River Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
2138 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cumberland Gap National Hist. Park National Historical Park |
V |
24282 |
Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cuxtal Ecological Reserve |
|
26687 |
Yucatan, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Cuyahoga Valley National Park |
II |
24907 |
Ohio, United States |
|
|
|
|
Dye Creek Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
38152 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Edwin S. George Reserve |
|
1297 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
Elkhorn Slough Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
964 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
66133 |
Arkansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fire Island National Seashore |
V |
9433 |
New York, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fort Larned National Historic Site |
III |
706 |
Kansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fort Matanzas National Monument |
III |
269 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fort Pulaski National Monument |
V |
4213 |
Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Friendship Hill National Historic Site |
III |
697 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gateway National Recreation Area |
V |
1807 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
|
George Washington Birthplace National Monument |
V |
435 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gettysburg National Military Park |
V |
3560 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Golden Gate National Recreation Area |
V |
26135 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
II |
515454 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
3161 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gulf Island National Seashore |
II |
67487 |
Florida, Mississippi, United States |
|
|
|
|
Harpers Ferry National Historical Park |
VI |
715 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Heath and Marjorie Angelo Coast Range Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
7008 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Homestead National Monument of America |
V |
850 |
Nebraska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site |
III |
861 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Horseshoe Bend National Military Park |
V |
1926 |
Alabama, United States |
|
|
|
|
Hot Springs National Park |
II |
5740 |
Arkansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore |
II |
8272 |
Indiana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Iztaccihuatl-Popocatepetl National Park |
II |
224456 |
Mexico State, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Jean Lafitte National Hist. Park & Preserve National Historical Park |
II |
17686 |
Louisiana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Konza Prairie Biosphere Reserve |
|
8617 |
Kansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
28351 |
Louisiana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Land Between the Lakes Biosphere Reserve |
V |
166264 |
Kentucky, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lassen Volcanic National Park |
II |
29388 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Long Point Biosphere Reserve |
|
100325 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve (Natn'l Park) National Park |
II |
51235 |
Kentucky, United States |
|
|
|
|
Morristown National Historical Park |
VI |
1677 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
|
Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve |
|
470167 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Nipomo Dunes Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
3725 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Oak Ridge National Environmental Research Park |
|
20001 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Ocmulgee National Monument |
V |
693 |
Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
38256 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
Oregon Caves National Monument |
V |
456 |
Oregon, United States |
|
|
|
|
Ozark National Scenic Riverways National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
54621 |
Missouri, United States |
|
|
|
|
Padre Island National Seashore |
II |
42068 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Paine Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
|
2965 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Pinnacles National Monument |
V |
2869 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Pipestone National Monument |
V |
326 |
Minnesota, United States |
|
|
|
|
Point Pelee National Park |
II |
5764 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Point Reyes National Seashore |
II |
27068 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Redwood National Park |
II |
77867 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de Mapimi Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
849819 |
Chihuahua, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera El Cielo Biosphere Reserve |
|
353161 |
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
955579 |
Queretaro, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera de Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
1312618 |
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Michilia Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
23405 |
Durango, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
San Antonio Missions National Historical Park |
VI |
854 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
San Dimas Biosphere Reserve |
|
17161 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
San Francisco Peninsular Watershed County Wildlife Refuge or Management Area |
|
30320 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
San Joaquin Biosphere Reserve |
|
4527 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sand Ridge Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
285 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area |
V |
38440 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Scotts Bluff National Monument |
V |
3185 |
Nebraska, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sequoia and Kings Canyon Biosphere Reserve |
II |
172261 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sevilleta LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
IV |
228335 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Shenandoah National Park |
II |
108221 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Shiloh National Military Park |
III |
4061 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Shipstern Nature Reserve |
IV |
20453 |
Belize |
|
|
|
|
Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore |
II |
62563 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
South Atlantic Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve |
|
20317 |
South Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve |
|
37548505 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Stones River National Battlefield |
III |
518 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Valley Forge National Historical Park |
VI |
3509 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
26618 |
Alabama, United States |
|
|
|
|
Whiskey-Shasta-Trinity National Recreation Area |
V |
197791 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
White Sands National Monument |
III |
139922 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Yosemite National Park |
II |
95209 |
California, United States |
|
|
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Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 2Didelphis virginiana, John J. McManus, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 40, pp. 1-6 (1974) ♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 5Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org♦ 6Study of Northern Virginia Ecology♦ 7Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 8Phenology, seed dispersal, and recruitment in Cecropia peltata (Moraceae) in Cost Rican tropical dry forest, Theodore H. Fleming and Charles F. Williams, Journal of Tropical Ecology (1990) 6:163-178 ♦ 9Myotis austroriparius, Clyde Jones and Richard W. Manning, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 332, pp. 1-3 (1989) ♦ 10Sciurus niger, John L. Koprowski, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 479, pp. 1-9 (1994) ♦ 11Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London ♦ 12International Flea DatabaseEcoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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