Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Suliformes > Phalacrocoracidae > Phalacrocorax > Phalacrocorax auritusPhalacrocorax auritus (Double-crested Cormorant)Synonyms: Carbo auritus (homotypic); Nannopterum auritum (homotypic); Nannopterum auritum auritum Language: French; Spanish The double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) is a member of the cormorant family of seabirds. It occurs along inland waterways as well as in coastal areas, and is widely distributed across North America, from the Aleutian Islands in Alaska down to Florida and Mexico. Measuring 70–90 cm (28–35 in) in length, it is an all-black bird which gains a small double crest of black and white feathers in breeding season. It has a bare patch of orange-yellow facial skin. Five subspecies are recognized. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 6.17908 EDGE Score: 1.97117 |
| Clutch Size [6] | 4 | | Clutches / Year [4] | 1 | | Egg Length [2] | 2.402 inches (61 mm) | | Egg Width [2] | 1.535 inches (39 mm) | | Fledging [2] | 40 days | | Global Population (2017 est.) [3] | 750,000 | | Incubation [4] | 24 days | | Mating Display [7] | Ground display | | Maximum Longevity [4] | 20 years | | Water Biome [1] | Lakes and Ponds, Rivers and Streams, Coastal | | Wing Span [8] | 4.494 feet (1.37 m) |  | | Adult Weight [2] | 4.034 lbs (1.83 kg) | | Birth Weight [4] | 31 grams | | Female Weight [2] | 3.774 lbs (1.712 kg) | | Male Weight [2] | 4.297 lbs (1.949 kg) | | Weight Dimorphism [2] | 13.8 % | | | Breeding Habitat [3] | Wetlands | | Wintering Geography [3] | Widespread U.S./Mexico | | Wintering Habitat [3] | Coastal marine, Freshwater lakes and rivers | | | Diet [5] | Piscivore | | Diet - Fish [5] | 100 % | | Forages - Underwater [5] | 100 % | | | Female Maturity [4] | 2 years | | Male Maturity [4] | 2 years |
|
| Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
|
Acadia National Park |
II |
35996 |
Maine, United States |
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge |
Ib |
2347132 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Aleutian Islands Biosphere Reserve |
|
2720489 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Algonquin Provincial Park |
IV |
1868802 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Alto Golfo de California y Delta del Rio Colorado Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
2320468 |
Sonora, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
Apostle Islands National Lakeshore |
II |
36006 |
Wisconsin, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Badlands National Park |
II |
178535 |
South Dakota, United States |
|
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|
|
|
Big Cypress National Preserve |
V |
732120 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Big Thicket Biosphere Reserve National Park |
II |
616880 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area |
V |
36286 |
Montana, Wyoming, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
19192 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
16363 |
Delaware, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Buenavista Wetland Reserve |
|
778949 |
Cuba |
|
|
|
|
|
California Coast Ranges Biosphere Reserve |
|
153447 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Cape Breton Highlands National Park |
II |
234333 |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
|
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|
|
|
Cape Cod National Seashore |
II |
21724 |
Massachusetts, United States |
|
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|
Cape Hatteras National Seashore |
II |
21476 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
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Cape Lookout National Seashore |
II |
18379 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
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Carolinian-South Atlantic Biosphere Reserve |
|
310228 |
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, United States |
|
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Central Gulf Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve |
|
40530 |
United States |
|
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Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Reserve |
|
9859505 |
New York, Vermont, United States |
|
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|
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Channel Islands National Park |
II |
139010 |
California, United States |
|
|
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|
Chesapeake & Ohio Canal National Hist. Park National Historical Park |
V |
19586 |
Maryland, District of Columbia, United States |
|
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|
|
Ciénaga de Zapata National Park |
|
1606900 |
Cuba |
|
|
|
|
|
Clayoquot Sound Biosphere Reserve |
|
864738 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
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|
|
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Crater Lake National Park |
II |
180091 |
Oregon, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Cumberland Island National Seashore |
II |
20629 |
Georgia, United States |
|
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|
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Death Valley National Park |
II |
762125 |
California, Nevada, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Dzilam de Bravo Wetland Reserve |
|
149170 |
Yucatan, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
Elk Island National Park |
II |
47171 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
66133 |
Arkansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary |
IV |
2387149 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Forillon National Park |
II |
61010 |
Quebec, Canada |
|
|
|
|
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Fundy National Park |
II |
52716 |
New Brunswick, Canada |
|
|
|
|
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Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve |
Ib |
591068 |
Alaska, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Glen Canyon National Recreation Area |
V |
1087901 |
Arizona, Utah, United States |
|
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|
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Golden Gate National Recreation Area |
V |
26135 |
California, United States |
|
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Grand Canyon National Park |
II |
1210128 |
Arizona, United States |
|
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|
|
Grasslands National Park |
II |
128635 |
Saskatchewan, Canada |
|
|
|
|
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Great Basin National Park |
II |
77367 |
Nevada, United States |
|
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Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
II |
515454 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
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Gros Morne National Park |
II |
476632 |
Newfoundland, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Gulf Island National Seashore |
II |
67487 |
Florida, Mississippi, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve |
II |
366714 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Horicon National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
21369 |
Wisconsin, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Isla Mujeres, Punta Cancun y Punta Nizuc National Park |
II |
21428 |
Quintana Roo, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
Isle Royale Biosphere Reserve |
Ib |
571799 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
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Jean Lafitte National Hist. Park & Preserve National Historical Park |
II |
17686 |
Louisiana, United States |
|
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Kejimkujik National Park |
II |
94203 |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
|
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Kouchibouguac National Park |
II |
59161 |
New Brunswick, Canada |
|
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Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
28351 |
Louisiana, United States |
|
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Lake Superior Provincial Park |
IV |
351011 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
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Land Between the Lakes Biosphere Reserve |
V |
166264 |
Kentucky, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
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|
|
Lassen Volcanic National Park |
II |
29388 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Lava Beds National Monument |
III |
20002 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Long Point Biosphere Reserve |
|
100325 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve (Natn'l Park) National Park |
II |
51235 |
Kentucky, United States |
|
|
|
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Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve |
II |
20461 |
Quebec, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Reserve |
|
293047 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Mount Rainier National Park |
II |
235186 |
Washington, United States |
|
|
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|
New River Gorge National River National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
55591 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
|
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Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve |
|
470167 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Oak Ridge National Environmental Research Park |
|
20001 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
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|
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Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
38256 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Olympic Biosphere Reserve |
II |
922805 |
Washington, United States |
|
|
|
|
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Organ Pipe Cactus Biosphere Reserve |
|
327376 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
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Ozark National Scenic Riverways National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
54621 |
Missouri, United States |
|
|
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|
Pacific Rim National Park Reserve |
II |
137900 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Padre Island National Seashore |
II |
42068 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Pictured Rocks National Lakeshore |
II |
67888 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
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|
|
Point Reyes National Seashore |
II |
27068 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
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Prince Albert National Park |
II |
976762 |
Saskatchewan, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Pukaskwa National Park |
II |
459860 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Redberry Lake Biosphere Reserve |
|
277252 |
Saskatchewan, Canada |
|
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Redwood National Park |
II |
77867 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
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|
Reserva de la Biosfera El Vizcaino Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
6176727 |
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera de Sian Ka'an Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
1312618 |
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
|
Riding Mountain Biosphere Reserve |
II |
762028 |
Manitoba, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Saguenay - St. Lawrence Marine Park National Marine Conservation Area |
II |
310822 |
Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
23844 |
Oklahoma, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
San Dimas Biosphere Reserve |
|
17161 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Santa Cruz Island Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
|
46021 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area |
V |
38440 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Santee Coastal Reserve and Washo Reserve State Habitat Area |
IV |
20850 |
South Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Sarstoon Temash National Park |
II |
42082 |
Belize |
|
|
|
|
|
Sequoia and Kings Canyon Biosphere Reserve |
II |
172261 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Sevilleta LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
IV |
228335 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Shipstern Nature Reserve |
IV |
20453 |
Belize |
|
|
|
|
|
South Atlantic Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve |
|
20317 |
South Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve |
|
37548505 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Southwest Nova Biosphere Reserve |
|
3821173 |
Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Terra Nova National Park |
IV |
125894 |
Newfoundland, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Upper Miss. River Nat'l Wildlife Refuge National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
25823 |
Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Virginia Coast Biosphere Reserve |
|
33386 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Voyageurs National Park |
II |
177960 |
Minnesota, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Waterton Biosphere Reserve |
II |
121459 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
26618 |
Alabama, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Whiskey-Shasta-Trinity National Recreation Area |
V |
197791 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Wupatki National Monument |
III |
36098 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Yellowstone Biosphere Reserve |
II |
2196863 |
Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, United States |
|
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| Name |
Location |
IBA Criteria |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
|
Balabas Island |
Canada |
A4i |
|
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|
|
Humedal Sur de Pinar del Río |
Cuba |
A1, A4i, A4iii, B4i |
|
|
|
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Lavalleé Lake |
Canada |
A4i, A4iii |
|
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Malpeque Bay |
Canada |
A4iii |
|
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North Channel Island |
Canada |
A4i |
|
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|
|
Pelee Island Archipelago |
Canada |
A4i |
|
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Presqu'ile Provincial Park |
Canada |
A4i, A4iii |
|
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|
|
Río Máximo |
Cuba |
A1, A2, A3, A4i, A4iii, B4i |
|
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South Long Island |
Canada |
A4i |
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Suggi Lake |
Canada |
A4i |
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|
| Name |
Location |
Endemic |
Species |
Website |
|
California Floristic Province |
Mexico, United States |
No |
|
|
|
Caribbean Islands |
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent And The Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks And Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands - British, Virgin Islands - U.S. |
No |
|
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Mesoamerica |
Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama |
No |
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 Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org♦ 2Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 3Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018. ♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 5Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 7Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 8del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ♦ 9Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 10Food Web Relationships of Northern Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca : a Synthesis of the Available Knowledge, Charles A. Simenstad, Bruce S. Miller, Carl F. Nyblade, Kathleen Thornburgh, and Lewis J. Bledsoe, EPA-600 7-29-259 September 1979 ♦ 11Study of Northern Virginia Ecology♦ 12Diet of the Double-Crested Cormorant in Western Lake Erie, Michael T. Bur, Sandra L. Tinnirello, Charles D. Lovell, Jeff T. Tyson, USDA National Wildlife Research Center Symposia, 1997 ♦ 13Szoboszlai AI, Thayer JA, Wood SA, Sydeman WJ, Koehn LE (2015) Forage species in predator diets: synthesis of data from the California Current. Ecological Informatics 29(1): 45-56.
Szoboszlai AI, Thayer JA, Wood SA, Sydeman WJ, Koehn LE (2015) Data from: Forage species in predator diets: synthesis of data from the California Current. Dryad Digital Repository. ♦ 14National Geographic Magazine - May 2016 - Yellowstone - The Carnivore Comeback ♦ 15FEEDING HABITS OF THE AMERICAN CROCODILE, CROCODYLUS ACUTUS (CUVIER, 1807) (REPTILIA: CROCODYLIDAE) IN THE SOUTHERN COAST OF QUINTANA ROO, MEXICO, Alejandro VILLEGAS1 y Juan Jacobo SCHMITTER-SOTO, Acta Zoológica Mexicana (n.s.) 24(3): 117-124 (2008) ♦ 16Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London ♦ 17International Flea DatabaseEcoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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