Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Charadriiformes > Laridae > Larus > Larus argentatus

Larus argentatus (Herring Gull; European Herring Gull)

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Wikipedia Abstract

The European herring gull (Larus argentatus) is a large gull (up to 26 in (66 cm) long). One of the best known of all gulls along the shores of western Europe, it was once abundant. It breeds across Northern Europe, Western Europe, Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Scandinavia and the Baltic states. Some European herring gulls, especially those resident in colder areas, migrate further south in winter, but many are permanent residents, e.g. in the British Isles, Iceland, or on the North Sea shores. European herring gulls have a varied diet, including fish, crustaceans and dead animals as well as some plants.
View Wikipedia Record: Larus argentatus

Infraspecies

Larus argentatus argentatus (Herring gull)
Larus argentatus argenteus
Larus argentatus mongolicus

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
0
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
0
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 1.20476
EDGE Score: 0.79062
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Clutch Size [4]  3
Clutches / Year [4]  1
Fledging [6]  40 days
Incubation [4]  26 days
Mating Display [8]  Ground display
Mating System [8]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [4]  49 years
Speed [9]  28.633 MPH (12.8 m/s)
Water Biome [1]  Lakes and Ponds, Coastal
Wing Span [9]  4.395 feet (1.34 m)
Adult Weight [2]  2.324 lbs (1.054 kg)
Birth Weight [4]  68 grams
Female Weight [7]  2.255 lbs (1.023 kg)
Male Weight [7]  2.529 lbs (1.147 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [7]  12.1 %
Breeding Habitat [3]  Beaches and estuaries, Wetlands
Wintering Geography [3]  Widespread
Wintering Habitat [3]  Beaches and estuaries, Coastal marine, Freshwater lakes and rivers
Diet [5]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Carnivore (Vertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Endothermic [5]  10 %
Diet - Fish [5]  40 %
Diet - Invertibrates [5]  30 %
Diet - Scavenger [5]  20 %
Forages - Ground [5]  40 %
Forages - Water Surface [5]  40 %
Forages - Underwater [5]  20 %
Female Maturity [4]  5 years
Male Maturity [4]  4 years

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

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Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

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Predators

Providers

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Audio

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Provided by Songs and calls of some New York State birds. Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Author: Tony Phillips

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 2Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
♦ 3Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 5Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 6Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 7Pierotti, R. and TP Good. 1994. Herring Gull (Larus argentatus). In A. Poole and F. Gill, [eds.], The birds of North America, No. 124. The Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, and The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, DC
♦ 8Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 9Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197
♦ 10Energy flow of a boreal intertidal ecosystem, the Sylt-Rømø Bight, Dan Baird, Harald Asmus, Ragnhild Asmus, Mar Ecol Prog Ser 279: 45–61, 2004
♦ 11Diets of adult and chick Herring Gulls Larus argentatus argenteus on Ailsa Craig, south-west Scotland., M. Nogales, B. Zonfrillo and P. Monaghan, SEABIRD 17: 56-63
♦ 12Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 13Cirtwill, Alyssa R.; Eklöf, Anna (2018), Data from: Feeding environment and other traits shape species' roles in marine food webs, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.1mv20r6
♦ 14Feeding Spectrum and Trophic Relationships of Short-finned Squid (Illex illecebrosus) in the Northwest Atlantic, Yu. M. Froerman, NAFO Sci. Coun. Studies, 7: 67-75 (1984)
♦ 15The role of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the foodweb of the Barents Sea, A. V. Dolgov, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 59: 1034–1045. 2002
♦ 16Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 17International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Audio software provided by SoundManager 2
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0