Badlands National Park

Location:South Dakota, United States
IUCN Category:II
Area:178,535 acres (72,250 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:BSk (Climate: arid; Precipitation: steppe; Temperature: cold arid)

Ecoregions

Northern short grasslands

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share60 %20 %20 %90 %10 %
Soil TypeHaplic KastanozemsHaplic YermosolsEutric RegosolsCalcaric RegosolsLithosols
Topsoil TextureFineMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm
DrainageModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity150 m150 m150 m50 m15 mm
Phase 1   Lithic 
Topsoil Properties
Gravel4 %20 %27 %17 %26 %
Sand18 %41 %47 %43 %43 %
Silt33 %39 %34 %35 %34 %
Clay49 %20 %19 %22 %23 %
USDA TextureClayLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.23 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.37 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.73 %0.41 %0.97 %0.77 %1.4 %
PH7.68.36.487.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity50 cmol kg⁻¹47 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity37 cmol kg⁻¹8 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹17 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation94 %100 %79 %100 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases39.8 cmol kg⁻¹18.1 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹31.1 cmol kg⁻¹15.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate4.5 %1.5 %0 %15 %3.9 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0.1 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %6 %1 %2 %4 %
Electrical Conductivity0.6 dS m-11 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.3 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel6 %27 %28 %18 % 
Sand18 %38 %50 %38 % 
Silt34 %40 %32 %36 % 
Clay48 %22 %18 %26 % 
USDA TextureClayLoamLoamLoam 
Reference Bulk Density1.24 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³1.36 g/cm³ 
Bulk Density1.48 g/cm³1.49 g/cm³1.46 g/cm³1.52 g/cm³ 
Organic Carbon1.05 %0.22 %0.4 %0.53 % 
PH7.78.36.98.1 
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity57 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity39 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Base Saturation100 %100 %85 %100 % 
Total Exchangeable Bases41.2 cmol kg⁻¹26.8 cmol kg⁻¹10.3 cmol kg⁻¹41.1 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Calcium Carbonate6.1 %4.5 %0.1 %15 % 
Calcium Sulphate0 %0.7 %0 %0 % 
Exchangeable Sodium2 %5 %2 %1 % 
Electrical Conductivity0.4 dS m-13.8 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.3 dS m-1 
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263