Sequoia and Kings Canyon Biosphere Reserve

Location:California, United States
IUCN Category:II
Area:172,261 acres (69,712 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Csb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: warm summer)

Ecoregions

California interior chaparral and woodlands
Sierra Nevada forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share70 %30 %60 %20 %20 %
Soil TypeOrthic AcrisolsHumic CambisolsChromic LuvisolsEutric RegosolsLithosols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm10 cm
DrainageModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellModerately wellImperfectly
Available Water Capacity75 m150 m100 m150 m15 mm
Phase 1Stony Stony  
Topsoil Properties
Gravel10 %8 %9 %27 %26 %
Sand49 %41 %47 %47 %43 %
Silt27 %36 %29 %34 %34 %
Clay24 %23 %24 %19 %23 %
USDA TextureSandy clay loamLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.1 g/cm³1.54 g/cm³1.21 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1 %2.72 %0.86 %0.97 %1.4 %
PH4.65.26.46.47.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹54 cmol kg⁻¹38 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity7 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation44 %24 %89 %79 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases3.5 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹15.1 cmol kg⁻¹15.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0 %3.9 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %1 %1 %4 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel10 %8 %8 %28 % 
Sand40 %44 %39 %50 % 
Silt24 %32 %27 %32 % 
Clay36 %24 %34 %18 % 
USDA TextureClay loamLoamClay loamLoam 
Reference Bulk Density1.32 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.44 g/cm³ 
Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.16 g/cm³1.52 g/cm³1.46 g/cm³ 
Organic Carbon0.42 %1.03 %0.38 %0.4 % 
PH4.85.26.36.9 
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity14 cmol kg⁻¹38 cmol kg⁻¹40 cmol kg⁻¹55 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity6 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Base Saturation32 %30 %93 %85 % 
Total Exchangeable Bases2.3 cmol kg⁻¹2.5 cmol kg⁻¹12.3 cmol kg⁻¹10.3 cmol kg⁻¹ 
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0.1 % 
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 % 
Exchangeable Sodium2 %2 %1 %2 % 
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263