Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Charadriiformes > Laridae > Larus > Larus californicus

Larus californicus (California Gull)

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Wikipedia Abstract

The California gull (Larus californicus) is a medium-sized gull, smaller on average than the herring gull but larger on average than the ring-billed gull, though may overlap in size greatly with both.
View Wikipedia Record: Larus californicus

Infraspecies

Larus californicus albertaensis
Larus californicus californicus

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
0
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
0
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 1.17182
EDGE Score: 0.775565
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Clutch Size [6]  3
Clutches / Year [4]  1
Fledging [2]  45 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [3]  410,000
Incubation [4]  25 days
Mating System [7]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [4]  30 years
Migration [1]  Intracontinental
Water Biome [1]  Lakes and Ponds, Rivers and Streams, Coastal
Wing Span [8]  4.297 feet (1.31 m)
Adult Weight [2]  1.552 lbs (704 g)
Birth Weight [4]  50 grams
Female Weight [2]  1.433 lbs (650 g)
Male Weight [2]  1.673 lbs (759 g)
Weight Dimorphism [2]  16.8 %
Breeding Habitat [3]  Beaches and estuaries, Wetlands
Wintering Geography [3]  Western U.S./Mexico
Wintering Habitat [3]  Beaches and estuaries, Coastal marine, Freshwater lakes and rivers
Diet [5]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Carnivore (Vertebrates), Frugivore, Granivore
Diet - Endothermic [5]  20 %
Diet - Fruit [5]  20 %
Diet - Invertibrates [5]  20 %
Diet - Scavenger [5]  20 %
Diet - Seeds [5]  20 %
Forages - Ground [5]  80 %
Forages - Water Surface [5]  20 %
Female Maturity [4]  3 years
Male Maturity [4]  3 years

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

Name Location  IBA Criteria   Website   Climate   Land Use 
American Falls Reservoir USA A4i
Amphitrite and Swiftsure Banks Canada A4i
Blackfoot Reservoir USA A4i

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
California Floristic Province Mexico, United States No
Mesoamerica Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama No

Emblem of

Utah

Prey / Diet

Anas americana (American Wigeon)[9]
Aythya americana (Redhead)[9]
Clupea pallasii (Pacific herring)[10]
Doryteuthis opalescens (california market squid)[11]
Engraulis mordax (Californian anchoveta)[10]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Audio

Play / PauseVolume
Provided by eNature via Myxer Author: Lang Elliot

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 2Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 3Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 5Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 7Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 8del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 9Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 10Szoboszlai AI, Thayer JA, Wood SA, Sydeman WJ, Koehn LE (2015) Forage species in predator diets: synthesis of data from the California Current. Ecological Informatics 29(1): 45-56. Szoboszlai AI, Thayer JA, Wood SA, Sydeman WJ, Koehn LE (2015) Data from: Forage species in predator diets: synthesis of data from the California Current. Dryad Digital Repository.
♦ 11CephBase - Cephalopod (Octopus, Squid, Cuttlefish and Nautilus) Database
♦ 12Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Audio software provided by SoundManager 2
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0