Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Suliformes > Phalacrocoracidae > Phalacrocorax > Phalacrocorax carbo

Phalacrocorax carbo (Great Cormorant)

Synonyms: Australocorax gregorii; Carbo cormoranus; Pelecanus carbo (homotypic); Pelecanus spec (pro parte); Phalacrocorax gregorii
Language: French

Wikipedia Abstract

The great cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo), known as the great black cormorant across the Northern Hemisphere, the black cormorant in Australia, the large cormorant in India and the black shag further south in New Zealand, is a widespread member of the cormorant family of seabirds. The genus name is Latinised Ancient Greek, from φαλακρός (phalakros, "bald") and κόραξ (korax, "raven"), and carbo is Latin for "charcoal". It breeds in much of the Old World and the Atlantic coast of North America.
View Wikipedia Record: Phalacrocorax carbo

Infraspecies

Phalacrocorax carbo carbo (Northern great cormorant) (Attributes)
Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae
Phalacrocorax carbo lucidus
Phalacrocorax carbo maroccanus
Phalacrocorax carbo novaehollandiae
Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (Great Cormorant)

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
22
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 8.03769
EDGE Score: 2.2014
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Clutch Size [7]  4
Clutches / Year [4]  1
Egg Length [6]  2.48 inches (63 mm)
Egg Width [6]  1.575 inches (40 mm)
Fledging [6]  50 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [3]  1,400,000
Incubation [4]  30 days
Mating Display [8]  Ground display
Maximum Longevity [4]  24 years
Speed [9]  34.001 MPH (15.2 m/s)
Water Biome [1]  Lakes and Ponds, Rivers and Streams, Coastal
Wing Span [9]  4.592 feet (1.4 m)
Adult Weight [2]  4.969 lbs (2.254 kg)
Birth Weight [4]  49 grams
Female Weight [6]  4.42 lbs (2.005 kg)
Male Weight [6]  5.291 lbs (2.40 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [6]  19.7 %
Breeding Habitat [3]  Coastal cliffs and islands, Coastal marine
Wintering Geography [3]  Atlantic Coast
Wintering Habitat [3]  Coastal marine, Rocky intertidal
Diet [5]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Carnivore (Vertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Ectothermic [5]  10 %
Diet - Fish [5]  80 %
Diet - Invertibrates [5]  10 %
Forages - Underwater [5]  100 %
Female Maturity [4]  4 years
Male Maturity [4]  4 years

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

+ Click for partial list (100)Full list (718)

Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Canis mesomelas (Black-backed Jackal)[17]
Cryptocotyle lingua[10]
Haliaeetus leucocephalus (Bald Eagle)[10]

Providers

Mutual (symbiont) 
Deropristis inflata[10]
Podocotyle atomon[10]

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 2Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
♦ 3Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 5Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 6Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 7Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 8Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 9Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197
♦ 10Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 11Anurans as prey: an exploratory analysis and size relationships between predators and their prey, L. F. Toledo, R. S. Ribeiro & C. F. B. Haddad, Journal of Zoology 271 (2007) 170–177
♦ 12Annual Variation in Diet of Breeding Great Cormorants: Does it Reflect Varying Recruitment of Gadoids?, SVEIN-HÅKON LORENTSEN, DAVID GRÉMILLET AND GEIR HÅVARD NYMOEN, Waterbirds 27(2): 161-169, 2004
♦ 13CONTRIBUTION TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF THE DIET OF IRANIAN BIRDS, Abolghasem Khaleghizadeh, Mohammad E. Sehhatisabet, Екологія, Беркут 15, Вип. 1-2. 2006. pp. 145-150
♦ 14Comparisons Between the Diets of Distant Taxa (Teleost and Cormorant) in an Australian Estuary, PAUL HUMPHRIES, GLENN A. HYNDES, IAN C. POTTER, Estuaries Vol. 15, No. 3. p. 327-334 September 1992
♦ 15Cirtwill, Alyssa R.; Eklöf, Anna (2018), Data from: Feeding environment and other traits shape species' roles in marine food webs, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.1mv20r6
♦ 16The role of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the foodweb of the Barents Sea, A. V. Dolgov, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 59: 1034–1045. 2002
♦ 17The Namib: Detritus and Fog Dependence Scott Christy March 1st, 2006
♦ 18Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 19Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19
♦ 20International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0