Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve (Natn'l Park)

Location:Kentucky, United States
IUCN Category:II
Area:51,235 acres (20,734 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: hot summer)

Ecoregions

Central U.S. hardwood forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share60 %20 %20 %90 %10 %
Soil TypeOrthic AcrisolsLithosolsDystric CambisolsOrthic AcrisolsGleyic Acrisols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm10 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageModerately wellImperfectlyModerately wellModerately wellPoor
Available Water Capacity75 m15 mm150 m150 m150 m
Phase 1Stony    
Topsoil Properties
Gravel10 %26 %10 %10 %9 %
Sand49 %43 %41 %49 %34 %
Silt27 %34 %39 %27 %43 %
Clay24 %23 %20 %24 %23 %
USDA TextureSandy clay loamLoamLoamSandy clay loamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1 %1.4 %1.45 %1 %0.83 %
PH4.67.65.14.64.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹30 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹18 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity7 cmol kg⁻¹15 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation44 %100 %37 %44 %30 %
Total Exchangeable Bases3.5 cmol kg⁻¹15.6 cmol kg⁻¹4.1 cmol kg⁻¹3.5 cmol kg⁻¹1.9 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %3.9 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %4 %1 %1 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel10 % 20 %10 %7 %
Sand40 % 45 %40 %28 %
Silt24 % 35 %24 %38 %
Clay36 % 20 %36 %34 %
USDA TextureClay loam LoamClay loamClay loam
Reference Bulk Density1.32 g/cm³ 1.42 g/cm³1.32 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³ 1.37 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.48 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.42 % 0.5 %0.42 %0.3 %
PH4.8 5.24.84.7
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity14 cmol kg⁻¹ 36 cmol kg⁻¹14 cmol kg⁻¹22 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity6 cmol kg⁻¹ 9 cmol kg⁻¹6 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation32 % 33 %32 %20 %
Total Exchangeable Bases2.3 cmol kg⁻¹ 2.6 cmol kg⁻¹2.3 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 % 0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 % 0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 % 1 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263