Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Hirundinidae > Hirundo > Hirundo rustica

Hirundo rustica (Barn Swallow)

Synonyms: Chelidon rustica
Language: French; Spanish

Wikipedia Abstract

The barn swallow (Hirundo rustica) is the most widespread species of swallow in the world. It is a distinctive passerine bird with blue upperparts, a long, deeply forked tail and curved, pointed wings. It is found in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas. In Anglophone Europe it is just called the swallow; in Northern Europe it is the only common species called a "swallow" rather than a "martin".
View Wikipedia Record: Hirundo rustica

Infraspecies

Hirundo rustica erythrogaster
Hirundo rustica gutturalis
Hirundo rustica mandschurica
Hirundo rustica rustica
Hirundo rustica saturata
Hirundo rustica savignii
Hirundo rustica transitiva
Hirundo rustica tytleri

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
1
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
11
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 3.33483
EDGE Score: 1.46668
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  19 grams
Birth Weight [3]  2 grams
Breeding Habitat [2]  Generalist, Agricultural
Wintering Geography [2]  S. American Lowlands
Wintering Habitat [2]  Generalist, Agricultural
Diet [4]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore, Granivore
Diet - Fruit [4]  10 %
Diet - Invertibrates [4]  80 %
Diet - Seeds [4]  10 %
Forages - Mid-High [4]  40 %
Forages - Understory [4]  30 %
Forages - Ground [4]  30 %
Clutch Size [6]  4
Clutches / Year [3]  2
Fledging [5]  21 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [2]  150,000,000
Incubation [3]  15 days
Mating System [8]  Monogamy (mostly)
Maximum Longevity [3]  16 years
Migration [7]  Intercontinental
Speed [9]  22.369 MPH (10 m/s)
Wing Span [9]  13 inches (.32 m)
Female Maturity [3]  1 year
Male Maturity [3]  1 year

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

+ Click for partial list (100)Full list (1273)

Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Emblem of

Austria
Estonia

Prey / Diet

Bombus lucorum (White-tailed bumblebee)[10]
Mesembrina meridiana (Mid-day Fly)[10]
Stenurella melanura[10]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Circus cyaneus (Northern Harrier)[10]
Falco columbarius (Merlin)[10]
Falco subbuteo (Northern Hobby)[10]

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Audio

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Provided by eNature via Myxer Author: Lang Elliot

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 3de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 5Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 7Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 8Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 9Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197
♦ 10Ecology of Commanster
♦ 11Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 12International Flea Database
♦ 13Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Audio software provided by SoundManager 2
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0