Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Turdidae > Turdus > Turdus philomelos

Turdus philomelos (Song Thrush)

Synonyms: Turdus clarkii; Turdus ericetorum

Wikipedia Abstract

The song thrush (Turdus philomelos) is a thrush that breeds across much of Eurasia. It has brown upperparts and black-spotted cream or buff underparts and has three recognised subspecies. Its distinctive song, which has repeated musical phrases, has frequently been referred to in poetry.
View Wikipedia Record: Turdus philomelos

Infraspecies

Turdus philomelos clarkei
Turdus philomelos hebridensis
Turdus philomelos nataliae
Turdus philomelos philomelos

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
6
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
28
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 12.2002
EDGE Score: 2.58024
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  76 grams
Birth Weight [2]  6 grams
Diet [3]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore, Granivore
Diet - Fruit [3]  30 %
Diet - Invertibrates [3]  40 %
Diet - Seeds [3]  30 %
Forages - Ground [3]  100 %
Clutch Size [7]  4
Clutches / Year [4]  2
Fledging [4]  15 days
Incubation [6]  14 days
Mating Display [2]  Ground display
Mating System [2]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [5]  18 years
Migration [8]  Intercontinental
Snout to Vent Length [4]  9 inches (22 cm)
Speed [9]  24.606 MPH (11 m/s)
Wing Span [9]  14 inches (.36 m)
Female Maturity [5]  1 year
Male Maturity [5]  1 year

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

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Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

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Predators

Accipiter gentilis (Northern Goshawk)[13]
Accipiter nisus (Eurasian Sparrowhawk)[17]
Aegolius funereus (Boreal Owl)[13]
Asio otus (Long-eared Owl)[17]
Strix aluco (Tawny Owl)[17]

Providers

Shelter 
Crataegus laevigata palmstruchii (Midland Hawthorn)[17]

Consumers

External References

Audio

Play / PauseVolume
Provided by Avisoft Bioacoustics © Author: Raimund Specht

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 4Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 5de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 6British Trust for Ornithology
♦ 7Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 8Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 9Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197
♦ 10THE IMPORTANCE OF BIRDS AS BROWSERS, POLLINATORS AND SEED DISPERSERS IN NEW ZEALAND FORESTS, M.N. Clout and J. R. Hay, NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, VOL 12, (SUPPLEMENT) 1989, pp. 27-33
♦ 11Birds and berries: a study of an ecological interaction. Calton, Great Britain, Snow B.K., Snow D.W., 1988, T & AD Poyser. 268 p.
♦ 12FLESHY FRUITS OF INDIGENOUS AND ADVENTIVE PLANTS IN THE DIET OF BIRDS IN FOREST REMNANTS, NELSON, NEW ZEALAND, PETER A. WILLIAMS and BRIAN J. KARL, New Zealand Journal of Ecology (1996) 20(2): 127-145
♦ 13Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 14VARIATIONS IN SPINDLE EUONYMUS EUROPAEUS CONSUMPTION BY FRUGIVOROUS BIRDS DURING THE FRUITING SEASON, Ángel HERNÁNDEZ, Ardeola 50(2), 2003, 171-180
♦ 15Farwig, Nina; Schabo, Dana G.; Albrecht, Jörg (2017), Data from: Trait-associated loss of frugivores in fragmented forest does not affect seed removal rates, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2784g
♦ 16Recruitment of a Mast-Fruiting, Bird-Dispersed Tree: Bridging Frugivore Activity and Seedling Establishment, Carlos M. Herrera, Pedro Jordano, Luis López-Soria, Juan A. Amat, Ecological Monographs, 64(3), 1994, pp. 315-344
♦ 17Ecology of Commanster
♦ 18Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 19International Flea Database
♦ 20Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Audio software provided by SoundManager 2
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0