World Species : Protected Area : Khazar Zapovednik

Khazar Zapovednik

Location:	Turkmenistan
IUCN Category:	Ia
Area:	658,105 acres (266,326 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	BWk (Climate: arid; Precipitation: desert; Temperature: cold arid)

Ecoregions

Caspian lowland desert
Central Asian southern desert

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A				B	C		D	E

Share	50 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	70 %	90 %	10 %	70 %	80 %	10 %
Soil Type	Orthic Solonchaks	Takyric Solonchaks	Gleyic Solonchaks	Eutric Gleysols	Gleyic Solonchaks	Luvic Calcisols	Haplic Calcisols	Gleyic Solonchaks	Gleyic Solonchaks	Mollic Gleysols
Topsoil Texture	Fine	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Poor	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Poor	Poor
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	4 %	4 %	6 %	4 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Sand	16 %	10 %	36 %	37 %	36 %	54 %	43 %	36 %	36 %	36 %
Silt	31 %	37 %	43 %	40 %	34 %	24 %	32 %	34 %	34 %	30 %
Clay	53 %	53 %	21 %	23 %	30 %	22 %	25 %	30 %	30 %	34 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Clay	Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.22 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.25 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.58 %	0.55 %	0.42 %	1.07 %	0.38 %	0.4 %	0.29 %	0.38 %	0.38 %	1.63 %
PH	8.3	7.7	8.1	6.2	8.4	8.1	8.1	8.4	8.4	6.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	45 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	60 cmol kg⁻¹	72 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	27 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %	88 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	81 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	50.8 cmol kg⁻¹	50.8 cmol kg⁻¹	13.9 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	16.2 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	10.6 %	3 %	9.5 %	0 %	9.3 %	19.3 %	5.4 %	9.3 %	9.3 %	0.1 %
Calcium Sulphate	1.3 %	0.4 %	6.5 %	0 %	5.4 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	5.4 %	5.4 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	41 %	44 %	46 %	2 %	55 %	2 %	1 %	55 %	55 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	5.9 dS m-1	5.7 dS m-1	14.5 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	12.2 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	12.2 dS m-1	12.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	6 %	6 %	5 %	5 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Sand	22 %	11 %	37 %	36 %	38 %	47 %	43 %	38 %	38 %	37 %
Silt	27 %	49 %	39 %	36 %	31 %	24 %	30 %	31 %	31 %	27 %
Clay	51 %	40 %	24 %	28 %	31 %	29 %	27 %	31 %	31 %	36 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Silty clay	Loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.24 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.26 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.4 %	0.4 %	0.3 %	0.39 %	0.24 %	0.2 %	0.22 %	0.24 %	0.24 %	0.55 %
PH	8.1	7.7	8.1	6.6	8.4	8.3	8.2	8.4	8.4	6.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	48 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	46 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	57 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	27 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %	90 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	89 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	58.3 cmol kg⁻¹	56.3 cmol kg⁻¹	18.2 cmol kg⁻¹	11.7 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	9 %	3 %	12.3 %	0 %	11.8 %	25.4 %	12.4 %	11.8 %	11.8 %	0.4 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.5 %	0.5 %	4.1 %	0 %	1.5 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	1.5 %	1.5 %	0.1 %
Exchangeable Sodium	43 %	43 %	54 %	2 %	61 %	2 %	3 %	61 %	61 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	14.8 dS m-1	13.5 dS m-1	2.8 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	4 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	4 dS m-1	4 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263