Sikhote-Alinskiy Biosphere Reserve

Location:Russia
Area:978,001 acres (395,783 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)

Ecoregions

Ussuri broadleaf and mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 ABCDE
      
Share70 %10 %10 %80 %10 %   
Soil TypeDystric CambisolsEutric CambisolsFerric PodzolsDystric CambisolsFerric PodzolsDystric CambisolsMollie FluvisolsFerric Podzols
Topsoil TextureCoarseFineCoarseCoarseCoarseCoarseCoarseCoarse
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageWellModerately wellSomewhat excessiveWellSomewhat excessiveWellPoorSomewhat excessive
Available Water Capacity15 m50 m100 m15 m100 m15 m150 m15 m
Phase 1GravellyGravelly Gravelly GravellyPhreaticGravelly
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm0 - 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm80 - 150 cm
Soil Water RegimeNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 40 cm depth for over 11 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel10 %10 %3 %10 %3 %10 %10 %3 %
Sand75 %23 %86 %75 %86 %75 %77 %86 %
Silt15 %29 %8 %15 %8 %15 %15 %8 %
Clay10 %48 %6 %10 %6 %10 %8 %6 %
USDA TextureSandy loamClayLoamy sandSandy loamLoamy sandSandy loamSandy loamLoamy sand
Reference Bulk Density1.58 g/cm³1.25 g/cm³1.67 g/cm³1.58 g/cm³1.67 g/cm³1.58 g/cm³1.61 g/cm³1.67 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.49 g/cm³1.28 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.49 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.49 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.7 %1.17 %2.02 %0.7 %2.02 %0.7 %0.87 %2.02 %
PH5.16.74.55.14.55.16.44.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity21 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹78 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹78 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹72 cmol kg⁻¹78 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity5 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹9 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation28 %89 %17 %28 %17 %28 %87 %17 %
Total Exchangeable Bases1.5 cmol kg⁻¹22.1 cmol kg⁻¹2.5 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹2.5 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹6.8 cmol kg⁻¹2.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0.1 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0.1 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium5 %1 %0 %5 %0 %5 %0 %0 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel9 %24 %3 %9 %3 %9 %10 %3 %
Sand68 %26 %86 %68 %86 %68 %77 %86 %
Silt17 %29 %6 %17 %6 %17 %13 %6 %
Clay15 %45 %8 %15 %8 %15 %10 %8 %
USDA TextureSandy loamClayLoamy sandSandy loamLoamy sandSandy loamSandy loamLoamy sand
Reference Bulk Density1.51 g/cm³1.26 g/cm³1.63 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.63 g/cm³1.51 g/cm³1.58 g/cm³1.63 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.5 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.57 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.57 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.57 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.27 %0.58 %0.51 %0.27 %0.51 %0.27 %0.5 %0.51 %
PH575.155.156.45.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity31 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹31 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹31 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity5 cmol kg⁻¹25 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation36 %97 %21 %36 %21 %36 %90 %21 %
Total Exchangeable Bases1.4 cmol kg⁻¹25.9 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹1.4 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹1.4 cmol kg⁻¹7.1 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0.3 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium5 %1 %0 %5 %0 %5 %0 %0 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263