Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Alaudidae > Lullula > Lullula arborea

Lullula arborea (Woodlark)

Synonyms: Alauda arborea (homotypic)

Wikipedia Abstract

The woodlark or wood lark (Lullula arborea) is the only species in the lark genus Lullula. It breeds across most of Europe, the Middle East, Asia and the mountains of north Africa. It is mainly resident (non-migratory) in the west of its range, but eastern populations of this passerine bird are more migratory, moving further south in winter.
View Wikipedia Record: Lullula arborea

Infraspecies

Lullula arborea arborea
Lullula arborea pallida

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
5
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
26
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 10.3181
EDGE Score: 2.4264
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  26 grams
Birth Weight [1]  3.4 grams
Diet [2]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Granivore, Herbivore
Diet - Invertibrates [2]  50 %
Diet - Plants [2]  20 %
Diet - Seeds [2]  30 %
Forages - Ground [2]  100 %
Clutch Size [6]  4
Clutches / Year [3]  2
Fledging [3]  19 days
Incubation [5]  14 days
Maximum Longevity [4]  5 years
Speed [7]  21.922 MPH (9.8 m/s)
Wing Span [7]  11 inches (.29 m)
Female Maturity [4]  1 year
Male Maturity [4]  1 year

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

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Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
Caucasus Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Russia, Turkey No
Irano-Anatolian Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Turkmenistan No
Japan Japan No
Mediterranean Basin Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Portugal, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey No
Mountains of Central Asia Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan No

Prey / Diet

Cryphoeca silvicola[8]
Phlogophora meticulosa (Angle Shades Moth)[8]
Stenurella melanura[8]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Brachydistomum ventricosum[9]
Diplotriaena tricuspis[9]
Mediorhynchus micracanthus[9]
Mediorhynchus papillosus[9]

Range Map

External References

Audio

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Provided by Avisoft Bioacoustics © Author: Raimund Specht

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
♦ 2Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 3Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 5British Trust for Ornithology
♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 7Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197
♦ 8Ecology of Commanster
♦ 9Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Audio software provided by SoundManager 2
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0