World Species : Protected Area : Ubsunurskaya Kotlovina (Ubsunur Depression)

Ubsunurskaya Kotlovina (Ubsunur Depression)

Location:	Tuva, Russia
IUCN Category:	Ia
Area:	798,640 acres (323,198 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Website:	View website
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Dwc (Climate: snow; Precipitation: winter dry; Temperature: cool summer)

Ecoregions

Great Lakes Basin desert steppe
Sayan Intermontane steppe
Sayan montane conifer forests
Selenge-Orkhon forest steppe

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A		B	C	D	E		F	G	H		I		J			K

Share	90 %	10 %				90 %	10 %			90 %	10 %	90 %	10 %	80 %	10 %	10 %	30 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	10 %
Soil Type	Eutric Cambisols	Haplic Greyzems	Eutric Cambisols	Mollic Gleysols	Haplic Phaeozems	Lithic Leptosols	Gelic Regosols	Dystric Fluvisols	Haplic Kastanozems	Ferric Podzols	Gelic Gleysols	Ferric Podzols	Ferric Podzols	Ferric Podzols	Gelic Gleysols	Ferric Podzols	Dystric Leptosols	Umbric Leptosols	Cambic Podzols	Mollic Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Dystric Fluvisols
Topsoil Texture	Fine	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	30 cm	100 cm	30 cm	10 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Poor	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Somewhat excessive	Somewhat excessive	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	50 m	150 m	50 m	150 m	150 m	0 mm	15 m	150 m	150 m	15 m	150 m	15 m	100 m	100 m	150 m	15 m	50 mm	50 mm	150 m	50 mm	15 mm	150 m
Phase 1	Gravelly		Gravelly			Stony	Lithic	Flooded		Gravelly	Phreatic	Gravelly			Phreatic	Gravelly
Phase 2						Gravelly	Gravelly
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		20 - 40 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	0 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	0 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	0 - 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		0 - 40 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Misc. Property							Gelic (permafrost within 200 cm)				Gelic (permafrost within 200 cm)				Gelic (permafrost within 200 cm)
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	10 %	10 %	4 %	2 %	21 %	22 %	10 %	8 %	3 %	4 %	3 %	3 %	3 %	4 %	3 %	31 %	32 %	1 %	27 %	33 %	1 %
Sand	23 %	25 %	23 %	39 %	38 %	73 %	26 %	79 %	37 %	86 %	37 %	86 %	86 %	86 %	37 %	86 %	53 %	55 %	62 %	44 %	42 %	52 %
Silt	29 %	54 %	29 %	39 %	39 %	18 %	63 %	12 %	42 %	8 %	46 %	8 %	8 %	8 %	46 %	8 %	26 %	26 %	29 %	32 %	29 %	27 %
Clay	48 %	21 %	48 %	22 %	23 %	9 %	11 %	9 %	21 %	6 %	17 %	6 %	6 %	6 %	17 %	6 %	21 %	19 %	9 %	24 %	29 %	21 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Silt loam	Clay	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Silt loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loam	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.25 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.28 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³		0.96 g/cm³			1.33 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1.17 %	1.6 %	1.17 %	1.65 %	1.95 %	1.4 %	1.15 %	0.87 %	1.2 %	2.02 %	3.14 %	2.02 %	2.02 %	2.02 %	3.14 %	2.02 %	0.75 %	2.62 %	3.4 %	1.67 %	0.29 %	0.67 %
PH	6.7	6.6	6.7	6.6	6.4	7.5	6.6	5.3	7.3	4.5	6.3	4.5	4.5	4.5	6.3	4.5	5.1	5	4.8	7.2	7.5	4.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	50 cmol kg⁻¹	71 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	83 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	104 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	104 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	26 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	27 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	22 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	89 %	99 %	89 %	87 %	87 %	86 %	79 %	55 %	100 %	17 %	82 %	17 %	17 %	17 %	82 %	17 %	38 %	29 %	29 %	99 %	100 %	44 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	9.8 cmol kg⁻¹	12.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	12.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.1 cmol kg⁻¹	16.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	8.8 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	8.8 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.3 cmol kg⁻¹	3.8 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹	21.8 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	1.6 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	6 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	2.7 %	3 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	3 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	1.9 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	24 %	10 %	24 %	3 %	4 %		28 %	17 %	5 %	3 %	5 %	3 %	3 %	3 %	5 %	3 %			2 %			1 %
Sand	26 %	23 %	26 %	37 %	40 %		26 %	79 %	37 %	86 %	33 %	86 %	86 %	86 %	33 %	86 %			66 %			53 %
Silt	29 %	49 %	29 %	35 %	37 %		63 %	11 %	43 %	6 %	46 %	6 %	6 %	6 %	46 %	6 %			26 %			25 %
Clay	45 %	28 %	45 %	28 %	23 %		11 %	10 %	20 %	8 %	21 %	8 %	8 %	8 %	21 %	8 %			8 %			22 %
USDA Texture	Clay	Clay loam	Clay	Clay loam	Loam		Silt loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loam	Loamy sand			Sandy loam			Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.26 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³		1.47 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³			1.59 g/cm³			1.41 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.35 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³		1.48 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³			1.29 g/cm³			1.39 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.58 %	0.4 %	0.58 %	0.69 %	0.67 %		0.4 %	0.26 %	0.48 %	0.51 %	0.8 %	0.51 %	0.51 %	0.51 %	0.8 %	0.51 %			0.98 %			0.28 %
PH	7	7	7	7.2	6.8		6.9	5.5	7.9	5.1	6.7	5.1	5.1	5.1	6.7	5.1			5			5.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	51 cmol kg⁻¹	64 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	64 cmol kg⁻¹		37 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	97 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹			24 cmol kg⁻¹			22 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	25 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹		9 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹			5 cmol kg⁻¹			6 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	97 %	100 %	97 %	88 %	95 %		100 %	46 %	100 %	21 %	86 %	21 %	21 %	21 %	86 %	21 %			22 %			36 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	25.9 cmol kg⁻¹	15.3 cmol kg⁻¹	25.9 cmol kg⁻¹	10.7 cmol kg⁻¹	13.8 cmol kg⁻¹		9.3 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹			1.1 cmol kg⁻¹			2.2 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.3 %	3.5 %	0.3 %	4 %	0.1 %		0 %	0 %	11.2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %			0 %			0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %			0 %			0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %		2 %	2 %	4 %	0 %	2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	2 %	0 %			3 %			2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	3.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1			0 dS m-1			0 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263