World Species : Erignathus barbatus (Bearded Seal; ugruk; squareflipper)

Animalia > Chordata > Mammalia > Carnivora > Phocidae > Erignathus > Erignathus barbatus

Erignathus barbatus (Bearded Seal; ugruk; squareflipper)

Contents

Synonyms:

Language: French

Wikipedia Abstract

The bearded seal (Erignathus barbatus), also called the square flipper seal, is a medium-sized pinniped that is found in and near to the Arctic Ocean. It gets its generic name from two Greek words (eri and gnathos) that refer to its heavy jaw. The other part of its Linnaean name means bearded and refers to its most characteristic feature, the conspicuous and very abundant whiskers. When dry, these whiskers curl very elegantly, giving the bearded seal a "raffish" look.

View Wikipedia Record: Erignathus barbatus

Infraspecies

Erignathus barbatus barbatus (Bearded seal)
Erignathus barbatus nauticus

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0)

Unique (100)

Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0)

Unique & Vulnerable (100)

ED Score: 20.55

EDGE Score: 3.07

Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Gestation ^[2]	8 months 19 days
Litter Size ^[2]	1
Litters / Year ^[2]	1
Maximum Longevity ^[4]	31 years
Snout to Vent Length ^[4]	8.692 feet (265 cm)
Water Biome ^[1]	Benthic, Coastal
Weaning ^[2]	28 days

Adult Weight ^[2]	822.329 lbs (373.00 kg)
Birth Weight ^[2]	77.162 lbs (35.00 kg)

Diet ^[3]	Carnivore (Invertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Fish ^[3]	40 %
Diet - Invertibrates ^[3]	60 %
Forages - Marine ^[3]	100 %

Female Maturity ^[2]	4 years 8 months
Male Maturity ^[2]	6 years 1 month

Predators

Canis lupus (Wolf)	^[7]
Odobenus rosmarus (Walrus)	^[7]
Orcinus orca (Killer Whale)	^[10]
Somniosus microcephalus (gray shark)	^[11]
Ursus maritimus (Polar Bear)	^[12]

Providers

Parasite of
Trichinella spiralis (pork worm)	^[7]

Consumers

+ Click for the list (41)

Parasitized by
Apophallus erignathi	^[13]
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Bolbosoma nipponicum	^[13]
Bothriocephalus macrophallus	^[13]
Contracaecum osculatum	^[13]
Corynosoma erignathi	^[13]
Corynosoma hadweni	^[13]
Corynosoma semerme	^[13]
Corynosoma strumosum	^[13]
Corynosoma validum	^[13]
Corynosoma villosum	^[13]
Corynosoma wegeneri	^[13]
Dibothriocephalus latus	^[13]
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Diphyllobothrium cordatum	^[13]
Diphyllobothrium hians	^[13]
Diphyllobothrium lanceolatum	^[13]
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Diphyllobothrium roemeri	^[13]
Diphyllobothrium schistochilus	^[13]
Diphyllobothrium tetrapterum	^[13]
Echinophthirius horridus	^[7]
Hysterothylacium rigidum	^[13]
Microphallus orientalis	^[13]
Odhneriella arctica	^[13]
Opisthorchis tenuicollis	^[13]
Orthosplanchnus arcticus	^[13]
Orthosplanchnus fraterculus	^[13]
Otostrongylus circumlitus	^[13]
Phocascaris cystophorae	^[13]
Phocascaris phocae	^[13]
Phocitrema fusiforme	^[13]
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Pseudoterranova azarasi	^[13]
Pseudoterranova bulbosa	^[13]
Pseudoterranova decipiens	^[13]
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Pyramicocephalus phocarum	^[13]
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Trichinella spiralis (pork worm)	^[13]
Yersinia enterocolitica (Y. enterocolitica)	^[14]

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ ¹Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ ²de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ ³Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ ⁴Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ ⁵Feeding of Bearded Seals in the Bering and Chukchi Seas and Trophic Interaction with Pacific Walruses, LLOYD F. LOWRY, KATHRYN J. FROST, AND JOHN J. BURNS, ARCTIC VOL. 33, NO. 2 (JUNE 1980). P. 330-342
♦ ⁶Feeding habits of bearded seals (Erignathus barbatus) from the Svalbard area, Norway, A. M. Hjelset1, M. Andersen, I. Gjertz, C. Lydersen and B. Gulliksen, Polar Biology, Volume 21, Number 3 / February, 1999, pages 186-193
♦ ⁷Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ ⁸The role of capelin (Mallotus villosus) in the foodweb of the Barents Sea, A. V. Dolgov, ICES Journal of Marine Science, 59: 1034–1045. 2002
♦ ⁹CephBase - Cephalopod (Octopus, Squid, Cuttlefish and Nautilus) Database
♦ ¹⁰Food Web Relationships of Northern Puget Sound and the Strait of Juan de Fuca : a Synthesis of the Available Knowledge, Charles A. Simenstad, Bruce S. Miller, Carl F. Nyblade, Kathleen Thornburgh, and Lewis J. Bledsoe, EPA-600 7-29-259 September 1979
♦ ¹¹McMeans, Bailey C., et al. "The role of Greenland sharks (Somniosus microcephalus) in an Arctic ecosystem: assessed via stable isotopes and fatty acids." Marine Biology 160.5 (2013): 1223+. Academic OneFile. Web. 14 July 2014.
♦ ¹²Diet composition of polar bears in Svalbard and the western Barents Sea, Andrew E. Derocher, Øystein Wiig, Magnus Andersen, Polar Biol (2002) 25: 448452
♦ ¹³Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ ¹⁴Nunn, C. L., and S. Altizer. 2005. The Global Mammal Parasite Database: An Online Resource for Infectious Disease Records in Wild Primates. Evolutionary Anthroplogy 14:1-2.

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Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0