World Species : Protected Area : Luberon

Luberon

Location:	France
IUCN Category:	V
Area:	406,572 acres (164,534 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)

Ecoregions

Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A		B	C				D			E			F			G

Share	90 %	10 %		50 %	20 %	15 %	15 %	50 %	30 %	20 %	50 %	30 %	20 %	50 %	30 %	20 %	60 %	20 %	10 %	10 %
Soil Type	Calcaric Fluvisols	Eutric Gleysols	Calcaric Fluvisols	Rendzic Leptosols	Calcaric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Chromic Cambisols	Rendzic Leptosols	Calcaric Cambisols	Eutric Regosols	Rendzic Leptosols	Calcaric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Chromic Luvisols	Rendzic Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Calcaric Cambisols	Eutric Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Chromic Luvisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Poor	Poor	Poor	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	50 mm	100 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	100 m	150 m	15 mm	100 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	15 mm	150 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m
Phase 1			Saline		Stony			Stony	Stony		Stony	Stony			Stony	Stony
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm		40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm		40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm			None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	80 - 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm			None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month			Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	15 %	4 %	15 %	16 %	6 %	9 %	10 %	16 %	6 %	25 %	16 %	6 %	9 %	12 %	16 %	21 %	6 %	9 %	21 %	12 %
Sand	34 %	37 %	34 %	37 %	36 %	42 %	49 %	37 %	36 %	47 %	37 %	36 %	42 %	48 %	37 %	42 %	36 %	42 %	42 %	48 %
Silt	48 %	40 %	48 %	44 %	43 %	36 %	28 %	44 %	43 %	34 %	44 %	43 %	36 %	28 %	44 %	34 %	43 %	36 %	34 %	28 %
Clay	18 %	23 %	18 %	19 %	21 %	22 %	23 %	19 %	21 %	19 %	19 %	21 %	22 %	24 %	19 %	24 %	21 %	22 %	24 %	24 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.6 %	1.07 %	0.6 %	2.13 %	0.65 %	1 %	0.98 %	2.13 %	0.65 %	0.98 %	2.13 %	0.65 %	1 %	0.83 %	2.13 %	1.61 %	0.65 %	1 %	1.61 %	0.83 %
PH	8	6.2	8	7.5	8	6.6	6.6	7.5	8	6.4	7.5	8	6.6	6.3	7.5	7.5	8	6.6	7.5	6.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	68 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	68 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	88 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	93 %	83 %	100 %	100 %	78 %	100 %	100 %	93 %	88 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	93 %	100 %	88 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	19.8 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	19.8 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	28.8 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	11.7 %	0 %	11.7 %	6 %	7 %	0 %	0.1 %	6 %	7 %	0 %	6 %	7 %	0 %	0 %	6 %	3.9 %	7 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.2 %	0 %	0.2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.7 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.7 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	5 %	10 %		10 %	12 %	9 %		10 %	28 %		10 %	12 %	8 %			10 %	12 %		8 %
Sand	36 %	36 %	36 %		34 %	41 %	47 %		34 %	51 %		34 %	41 %	41 %			34 %	41 %		41 %
Silt	46 %	36 %	46 %		43 %	34 %	26 %		43 %	31 %		43 %	34 %	25 %			43 %	34 %		25 %
Clay	18 %	28 %	18 %		23 %	25 %	27 %		23 %	18 %		23 %	25 %	34 %			23 %	25 %		34 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Clay loam	Loam		Loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam		Loam	Loam		Loam	Loam	Clay loam			Loam	Loam		Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³			1.38 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³		1.33 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³		1.45 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³		1.45 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³		1.45 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³			1.45 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³		1.51 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.4 %	0.37 %	0.4 %		0.43 %	0.37 %	0.47 %		0.43 %	0.4 %		0.43 %	0.37 %	0.4 %			0.43 %	0.37 %		0.4 %
PH	8.1	6.6	8.1		8.1	7	6.7		8.1	6.9		8.1	7	6.4			8.1	7		6.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	84 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	84 cmol kg⁻¹		54 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹		54 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹		54 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹			54 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹		41 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹		16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹		16 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹		16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹			16 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹		15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	90 %	100 %		100 %	93 %	92 %		100 %	89 %		100 %	93 %	90 %			100 %	93 %		90 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	20.7 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	20.7 cmol kg⁻¹		28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹		28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	10.3 cmol kg⁻¹		28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹			28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹		12 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	12.2 %	0 %	12.2 %		8.7 %	0.1 %	0.1 %		8.7 %	0 %		8.7 %	0.1 %	0 %			8.7 %	0.1 %		0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.2 %	0 %	0.2 %		0.4 %	0 %	0 %		0.4 %	0 %		0.4 %	0 %	0 %			0.4 %	0 %		0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	2 %	3 %		1 %	2 %	1 %		1 %	2 %		1 %	2 %	1 %			1 %	2 %		1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.5 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.5 dS m-1		0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1			0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263