Animalia > Chordata > Actinopterygii > Salmoniformes > Salmonidae > Salmo > Salmo truttaSalmo trutta (Brown trout)Synonyms: Fario argenteus; Fario lacustris; Fario trutta; Salar ausonii; Salar ausonii parcepunctata; Salar ausonii semipunctata; Salar ausonii var. parcepunctata; Salar ausonii var. semipunctata; Salar bailloni; Salar gaimardi; Salar spectabilis; Salmo albus; Salmo brachypoma; Salmo caecifer; Salmo cambricus; Salmo cornubiensis; Salmo cumberland; Salmo eriox; Salmo estuarius; Salmo fario; Salmo fario loensis; Salmo fario major (heterotypic); Salmo fario var. forestensis; Salmo faris; Salmo faris forestensis; Salmo faris var. forestensis; Salmo gadoides; Salmo gallivensis; Salmo illanca; Salmo islayensis; Salmo lacustris; Salmo lacustris rhenana; Salmo lacustris romanovi; Salmo lacustris septentrionalis; Salmo lemanus; Salmo levenensis; Salmo mistops; Salmo montana; Salmo orcadensis; Salmo orientalis (heterotypic); Salmo oxianus; Salmo phinoc; Salmo polyosteus; Salmo rappii; Salmo saxatilis; Salmo spurius; Salmo stroemii (heterotypic); Salmo sylvaticus; Salmo taurinus; Salmo trutta aralensis; Salmo trutta fario; Salmo trutta lacustris; Salmo trutta oxianus; Salmo trutta trutta; Salmo truttula; Salmo venernensis; Trutta fario; Trutta fluviatilis (heterotypic); Trutta lacustris; Trutta marina; Trutta salmanata (heterotypic); Trutta salmonata (heterotypic); Trutta trutta; Trutta variabilis Salmo trutta morpha fario is the riverine form or the brown trout Salmo trutta that spends its entire life cycle in running water. While previously considered a distinct subspecies or even species, it is currently not considered to be taxonomically different from other ecological or migratory forms of the brown trout, i.e. the sea trout (Salmo trutta morpha trutta) or the lacustrine brown trout (Salmo trutta morpha lacustris). The fario morph is often referred to as river trout in Europe. Riverine brown trout average 20 to 80 centimetres (7.9 to 31.5 in) but can reach lengths of 1 metre (3.3 ft). They usually attain a weight of up to 2 kilograms, but sometimes up to 13 kilograms (29 lb). Their back is olive-dark brown and silvery blue, red spots with light edges occur towards the belly, th |
Adult Length [2] | 4.592 feet (140 cm) | Brood Dispersal [2] | Hidden | Brood Egg Substrate [2] | Lithophils (rock-gravel) | Brood Guarder [2] | No | Litter Size [2] | 8,000 | Maximum Longevity [2] | 38 years | Migration [3] | Anadromous | Water Biome [1] | Rivers and Streams |  | Diet [1] | Carnivore |  | Female Maturity [2] | 4 years |
|
Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Alaska & Canada Pacific Coastal |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
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|
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Apalachicola |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Floodplain River and Wetlands |
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Appalachian Piedmont |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
|
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|
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Bonneville |
United States |
Nearctic |
Xeric Freshwaters and Endorheic Basins |
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Cantabric Coast - Languedoc |
France, Spain |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
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|
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Central & Western Europe |
Austria, Belgium, Byelarus, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Switzerland, Ukraine, United Kingdom |
Palearctic |
Temperate Floodplain River and Wetlands |
|
|
|
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Central Prairie |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
|
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Chesapeake Bay |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
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Colorado |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Xeric Freshwaters and Endorheic Basins |
|
|
|
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Columbia Glaciated |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
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|
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Columbia Unglaciated |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Floodplain River and Wetlands |
|
|
|
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Cumberland |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
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|
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Death Valley |
United States |
Nearctic |
Xeric Freshwaters and Endorheic Basins |
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|
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Eastern Iberia |
Andorra, France, Spain |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
|
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Gila |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Xeric Freshwaters and Endorheic Basins |
|
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|
|
Gulf of Venice Drainages |
Italy, San Marino, Slovenia, Switzerland |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
|
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Italian Peninsula & Islands |
France, Italy, Malta, Monaco |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
|
|
|
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Lahontan |
United States |
Nearctic |
Xeric Freshwaters and Endorheic Basins |
|
|
|
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Laurentian Great Lakes |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Large Lakes |
|
|
|
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Middle Missouri |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Floodplain River and Wetlands |
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Mobile Bay |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Floodplain River and Wetlands |
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Northeast US & Southeast Canada Atlantic Drainages |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
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Northern Baltic Drainages |
Denmark, Finland, Norway, Russia, Sweden |
Palearctic |
Polar Freshwaters |
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Northern British Isles |
Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
|
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|
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Oregon & Northern California Coastal |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
|
|
|
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Ozark Highlands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
|
|
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Sacramento - San Joaquin |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
|
|
|
|
Southern California Coastal - Baja California |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Xeric Freshwaters and Endorheic Basins |
|
|
|
|
St. Lawrence |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coastal Rivers |
|
|
|
|
Teays - Old Ohio |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
|
|
|
Tennessee |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
|
|
|
Upper Danube |
Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland |
Palearctic |
Temperate Floodplain River and Wetlands |
|
|
|
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Upper Mississippi |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Floodplain River and Wetlands |
|
|
|
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Upper Missouri |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
|
|
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Upper Rio Grande - Bravo |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
|
|
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Upper Snake |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
|
|
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US Southern Plains |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Upland Rivers |
|
|
|
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Vegas - Virgin |
United States |
Nearctic |
Xeric Freshwaters and Endorheic Basins |
|
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|
Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
ALTO CINCA |
|
36250 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Abavas senleja |
|
36900 |
Latvia |
|
|
|
|
Acadia National Park |
II |
35996 |
Maine, United States |
|
|
|
|
Aggtelek Biosphere Reserve National Park |
II |
59233 |
Hungary |
|
|
|
|
Alta Valsesia e Valli Otro, Vogna, Gronda, Artogna e Sorba |
|
46789 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Alte Valli Anzasca, Antrona e Bognanco |
|
53311 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Alto Garda Bresciano |
|
53192 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Ances purvi un mezi |
|
21676 |
Latvia |
|
|
|
|
Arthur's Pass National Park |
II |
257008 |
South Island, New Zealand |
|
|
|
|
Awarua Wetland |
|
49421 |
South Island, New Zealand |
|
|
|
|
Banff National Park |
II |
1690912 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Bayerischer Wald National Park |
II |
59790 |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
Berchtesgaden Alps National Park |
II |
51433 |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
Berwyn a Mynyddoedd de Clwyd/ Berwyn and South Clwyd Mountains |
|
67265 |
Wales, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
Bighorn Canyon National Recreation Area |
V |
36286 |
Montana, Wyoming, United States |
|
|
|
|
Boschi del Ticino |
|
50788 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
COTIELLA - SIERRA FERRERA |
|
62948 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Canyonlands National Park |
II |
335430 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cape Breton Highlands National Park |
II |
234333 |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Reserve |
|
9859505 |
New York, Vermont, United States |
|
|
|
|
Crater Lake National Park |
II |
180091 |
Oregon, United States |
|
|
|
|
Dagestan State Nature Reserve |
|
47101 |
Dagestan, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Dartmoor |
|
57244 |
England, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
EL TURBÓN Y SIERRA DE SÍS |
|
60101 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Eryri/ Snowdonia |
|
48773 |
Wales, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
Exmoor Heaths |
|
26455 |
England, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
Fannich Hills |
|
23816 |
Scotland, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
Gimån; Uppströms Holmsjön |
|
35718 |
Sweden |
|
|
|
|
Grampians National Park |
II |
416373 |
Victoria, Australia |
|
|
|
|
Great Basin National Park |
II |
77367 |
Nevada, United States |
|
|
|
|
Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
II |
515454 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Hattah-Kulkyne NP and Murray-Kulkyne Park National Park |
II |
122831 |
Victoria, Australia |
|
|
|
|
Inverpolly |
|
29349 |
Scotland, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
Jasper National Park |
II |
2776809 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Kavkazskiy Biosphere Reserve |
Ia |
692723 |
Krasnodar, Karachay-Cherkessia, Adygea, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Kejimkujik National Park |
II |
94203 |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Khazar Zapovednik State Nature Reserve |
Ia |
658105 |
Turkmenistan |
|
|
|
|
Kitka |
|
30673 |
Finland |
|
|
|
|
Kivach Zapovednik |
IV |
26885 |
Karelia, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve |
II |
256073 |
Western Cape, South Africa |
|
|
|
|
Kosciuszko National Park |
II |
1705480 |
New South Wales, Australia |
|
|
|
|
LOS VALLES |
|
79029 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Lake Roosevelt National Recreation Area |
V |
103172 |
Washington, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lanín National Park |
II |
536819 |
Neuquen, Argentina |
|
|
|
|
Lassen Volcanic National Park |
II |
29388 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lizard Point |
|
34565 |
England, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
Los Alerces National Park |
II |
463045 |
Chubut, Argentina |
|
|
|
|
Luberon Regional Nature Park |
V |
406572 |
France |
|
|
|
|
MONTES DE TOLEDO |
|
538722 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
MONTES UNIVERSALES - SIERRA DEL TREMEDAL |
|
79316 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Monte Rosa |
|
21095 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Reserve |
|
293047 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Mount Rainier National Park |
II |
235186 |
Washington, United States |
|
|
|
|
Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve |
|
470167 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
North Pennine Moors |
|
254789 |
England, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
North York Moors |
|
108930 |
England, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
ORDESA Y MONTE PERDIDO |
|
38568 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Oberlausitzer Heide - und Teichlandschaft Nature Reserve |
IV |
32467 |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
POSETS - MALADETA |
|
82205 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Paanajärvi National Park |
|
258158 |
Karelia, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Parco Naturale Adamello |
|
53676 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio National Park |
V |
333737 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Parco Regionale Orobie Bergamasche |
|
121015 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Parco Regionale Orobie Valtellinesi |
|
56377 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Pirin |
|
99722 |
Bulgaria |
|
|
|
|
Polana Biosphere Reserve |
|
50311 |
Slovakia |
|
|
|
|
Prespa National Park |
II |
62043 |
Greece |
|
|
|
|
Puulavesi |
|
40886 |
Finland |
|
|
|
|
River Tay |
|
23469 |
Scotland, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
Ruunaa |
|
29598 |
Finland |
|
|
|
|
SIERRA DE AYLLON |
|
225747 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
SIERRA DE MONCAYO - LOS FAYOS - SIERRA DE ARMAS |
|
44956 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
SIERRA NORTE |
|
438558 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
SIERRA Y CAÑONES DE GUARA |
|
201020 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore |
II |
62563 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sliteres nacionalais parks |
|
39895 |
Latvia |
|
|
|
|
Smolenskoe Poozerie National Park |
|
361359 |
Smolensk, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Sochi National Park |
|
478735 |
Krasnodar, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve |
|
37548505 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Southwest Nova Biosphere Reserve |
|
3821173 |
Canada |
|
|
|
|
Spreewald Biosphere Reserve |
|
117355 |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
Sumava Biosphere Reserve |
|
412955 |
Czech Republic |
|
|
|
|
Sunart |
|
25320 |
Scotland, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
The New Forest |
|
72309 |
England, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
|
Tjeggelvas |
|
81076 |
Sweden |
|
|
|
|
Tzentralen Balkan |
|
177099 |
Bulgaria |
|
|
|
|
VIÑAMALA |
|
62053 |
Spain |
|
|
|
|
Val Formazza |
|
54914 |
Italy |
|
|
|
|
Vessertal-Thuringian Forest Biosphere Reserve |
|
42250 |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
Västra Vättern |
|
146577 |
Sweden |
|
|
|
|
Vättern (södra) |
|
122343 |
Sweden |
|
|
|
|
Vättern (östra) |
|
158858 |
Sweden |
|
|
|
|
Waddensea of Hamburg Biosphere Reserve |
|
31422 |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
Waddensea of Schleswig-Holstein Biosphere Reserve |
|
724639 |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
Waterton Biosphere Reserve |
II |
121459 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Yellowstone Biosphere Reserve |
II |
2196863 |
Idaho, Montana, Wyoming, United States |
|
|
|
|
Yosemite National Park |
II |
95209 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Yuzhno-Uralsky State Nature Reserve |
|
624742 |
Chelyabinsk, Bashkortostan, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Ziemelgauja |
|
53743 |
Latvia |
|
|
|
|
Zion National Park |
II |
135667 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
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Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org♦ 2Frimpong, E.A., and P. L. Angermeier. 2009. FishTraits: a database of ecological and life-history traits of freshwater fishes of the United States. Fisheries 34:487-495. ♦ 3Riede, Klaus (2004) Global Register of Migratory Species - from Global to Regional Scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. 330 pages + CD-ROM ♦ 4Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 5NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory♦ 6Food web topology and parasites in the pelagic zone of a subarctic lake, Per-Arne Amundsen, Kevin D. Lafferty, Rune Knudsen, Raul Primicerio, Anders Klemetsen and Armand M. Kuris, Journal of Animal Ecology 2009, 78, 563572 ♦ 7Anurans as prey: an exploratory analysis and size relationships between predators and their prey, L. F. Toledo, R. S. Ribeiro & C. F. B. Haddad, Journal of Zoology 271 (2007) 170–177 ♦ 8Aonyx capensis, Serge Larivière, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 671, pp. 16 (2001) ♦ 9Lutra maculicollis, Serge Larivière, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 712, pp. 16 (2002) ♦ 10Lontra provocax, Serge Larivière, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 610, pp. 1-4 (1999) ♦ 11Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London ♦ 12Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19 Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2019). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2020-03-21; License: CC BY 4.0
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