Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Tyrannidae > Empidonax > Empidonax difficilis

Empidonax difficilis (Pacific-slope Flycatcher; Western Flycatcher)

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Wikipedia Abstract

The Pacific-slope flycatcher (Empidonax difficilis) is a small insectivorous bird of the family Tyrannidae. It is native to coastal regions of western North America, including the Pacific Ocean and the southern Gulf of California, as far north as British Columbia and southern Alaska, but is replaced in the inland regions by the Cordilleran flycatcher. These two species were formerly considered a single species known as the western flycatcher. In winter, both species migrate south to Mexico, where they are virtually indistinguishable from one another.
View Wikipedia Record: Empidonax difficilis

Infraspecies

Empidonax difficilis cineritius
Empidonax difficilis difficilis
Empidonax difficilis insulicola

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
1
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
10
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 3.20644
EDGE Score: 1.43662
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  11 grams
Birth Weight [3]  2 grams
Breeding Habitat [2]  Temperate western forests
Wintering Geography [2]  Pacific Lowlands
Wintering Habitat [2]  Tropical dry forests
Diet [4]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore
Diet - Fruit [4]  10 %
Diet - Invertibrates [4]  90 %
Forages - Mid-High [4]  70 %
Forages - Understory [4]  30 %
Clutch Size [5]  2
Clutches / Year [3]  2
Fledging [1]  16 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [2]  8,400,000
Incubation [3]  14 days
Mating System [7]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [3]  7 years
Migration [6]  Intracontinental
Female Maturity [3]  1 year
Male Maturity [3]  1 year

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

Ecosystems

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
California Floristic Province Mexico, United States No
Cerrado Brazil No
Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands Mexico, United States No
Mesoamerica Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama No

Prey / Diet

Aleochara bimaculata (Parasitic rove beetle)[8]
Leptura obliterata soror[8]
Limonius infuscatus (western field wireworm)[8]
Monoxia sordida[8]
Phymatodes testaceus[8]

Predators

Accipiter striatus (Sharp-shinned Hawk)[8]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Dasypsyllus gallinulae perpinnatus[9]

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 3de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 5Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 6Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 7Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 8Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 9International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0