World Species : Protected Area : Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve

Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve

Location:	Belarus
IUCN Category:	II
Area:	218,515 acres (88,430 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Website:	View website
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Dfb (Climate: snow; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)

Ecoregions

Central European mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A	B	C			D		E	F

Share			80 %	10 %	10 %	90 %	10 %		40 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Dystric Fluvisols	Folic Histosols	Eutric Podzoluvisols	Folic Histosols	Stagnic Podzoluvisols	Eutric Podzoluvisols	Gleyic Podzoluvisols	Eutric Podzoluvisols	Dystric Podzoluvisols	Cambic Podzols	Stagnic Luvisols	Cambic Arenosols	Umbric Gleysols	Terric Histosols
Topsoil Texture	Coarse	Fine	Medium	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Fine	Medium
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Poor	Very poor	Moderately well	Very poor	Poor	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Somewhat excessive	Very poor	Very poor
Available Water Capacity	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	100 m	150 m	100 m	75 m	150 m
Phase 1	Flooded	Phreatic		Phreatic									Phreatic	Phreatic
Phase 2	Phreatic
Root Obstacle	0 - 80 cm	0 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	0 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	80 - 150 cm	None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm	40 - 80 cm
Soil Water Regime	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month	Wet within 40 cm depth for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %		1 %		1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	4 %	2 %	1 %	28 %
Sand	79 %	37 %	35 %	37 %	24 %	35 %	32 %	35 %	73 %	85 %	80 %	89 %	17 %	35 %
Silt	12 %	24 %	54 %	24 %	58 %	54 %	49 %	54 %	21 %	10 %	10 %	6 %	29 %	33 %
Clay	9 %	39 %	11 %	39 %	18 %	11 %	19 %	11 %	6 %	5 %	10 %	5 %	54 %	32 %
USDA Texture	Sandy loam	Clay	Silt loam	Clay	Silt loam	Silt loam	Loam	Silt loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Sand	Clay	Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.6 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.65 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	0.26 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	0.26 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	0.28 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.87 %	35.27 %	1.2 %	35.27 %	1.5 %	1.2 %	2.22 %	1.2 %	0.9 %	2.02 %	0.55 %	0.5 %	4.54 %	39.4 %
PH	5.3	4.6	5.4	4.6	5.3	5.4	5.3	5.4	4.1	4.3	5.7	6	5	5.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	34 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹	46 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	5 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	80 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	87 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	55 %	64 %	55 %	64 %	55 %	55 %	55 %	55 %	75 %	17 %	75 %	99 %	22 %	75 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.1 cmol kg⁻¹	45.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	45.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	3.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	7.1 cmol kg⁻¹	59.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	17 %		4 %		4 %	4 %	4 %	4 %	3 %	3 %	5 %	1 %	1 %	5 %
Sand	79 %	30 %	37 %	30 %	12 %	37 %	25 %	37 %	61 %	86 %	65 %	89 %	22 %	52 %
Silt	11 %	31 %	43 %	31 %	55 %	43 %	51 %	43 %	27 %	10 %	13 %	6 %	25 %	23 %
Clay	10 %	39 %	20 %	39 %	33 %	20 %	24 %	20 %	12 %	4 %	22 %	5 %	53 %	25 %
USDA Texture	Sandy loam	Clay loam	Loam	Clay loam	Silty clay loam	Loam	Silt loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Sand	Clay	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.58 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.52 g/cm³	1.73 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.5 g/cm³	0.16 g/cm³	1.61 g/cm³	0.16 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.61 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.61 g/cm³	1.69 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	0.18 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.26 %	33.85 %	0.25 %	33.85 %	0.23 %	0.25 %	0.5 %	0.25 %	0.3 %	0.51 %	0.26 %	0.3 %	1.23 %	38.46 %
PH	5.5	5	5.3	5	6.2	5.3	5.4	5.3	4.9	4.8	5.9	5.9	5	5.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	38 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	62 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	4 cmol kg⁻¹	79 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	79 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	88 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	46 %	59 %	59 %	59 %	59 %	59 %	59 %	59 %	63 %	21 %	80 %	98 %	27 %	96 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	55.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	55.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	4.9 cmol kg⁻¹	3.4 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	8.2 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	5.7 cmol kg⁻¹	81.8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263