Animalia > Chordata > Amphibia > Anura > Bufonidae > Anaxyrus > Anaxyrus americanusAnaxyrus americanus (American Toad)Synonyms: Anaxyrus americanus americanus; Anaxyrus americanus charlesmithi; Anaxyrus charlesmithi; Bufo americanus; Bufo americanus alani; Bufo americanus americanus; Bufo americanus charlesmithi; Bufo americanus copei; Bufo americanus quadripunctatus; Bufo copei; Bufo copeii; Bufo lentiginosus americanus; Bufo terrestris americanus; Bufo terrestris charlesmithi; Bufo terrestris copei; Chilophryne americana; Incilius americanus The American toad (Anaxyrus americanus, formerly Bufo americanus) is a common species of toad found throughout the eastern United States and Canada. It is divided into three subspecies—the eastern American toad (A. a. americanus), the dwarf American toad (A. a. charlesmithi), and the rare Hudson Bay toad (A. a. copei). Recent taxonomic treatments place this species in the genus Anaxyrus instead of Bufo. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 4.55 EDGE Score: 1.71 |
| Gestation [2] | 8 days | | Litter Size [2] | 6,000 | | Litters / Year [3] | 1 | | Maximum Longevity [2] | 36 years | | Nocturnal [3] | Yes | | Snout to Vent Length [3] | 4.37 inches (11.1 cm) | | Water Biome [1] | Lakes and Ponds, Rivers and Streams |  | | Adult Weight [2] | 21.7667 grams | | | Diet [3] | Carnivore (Invertebrates) | | | Female Maturity [2] | 2 years 6 months | | Male Maturity [2] | 2 years 6 months |
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| Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land
Use |
|
Allegheny Highlands forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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 |
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Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Central Canadian Shield forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
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Central forest-grasslands transition |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Central tall grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Central U.S. hardwood forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Eastern Canadian forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
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Eastern Canadian Shield taiga |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
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Eastern forest-boreal transition |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Flint Hills tall grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Gulf of St. Lawrence lowland forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Midwestern Canadian Shield forests |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
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Mississippi lowland forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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New England-Acadian forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Northeastern coastal forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Northern mixed grasslands |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Northern tall grasslands |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Ozark Mountain forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Piney Woods forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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Southeastern mixed forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Southern Great Lakes forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Southern Hudson Bay taiga |
Canada |
Nearctic |
Boreal Forests/Taiga |
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Texas blackland prairies |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Western Great Lakes forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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| Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
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Acadia National Park |
II |
35996 |
Maine, United States |
|
 |
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Algonquin Provincial Park |
IV |
1868802 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
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|
|
|
Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
19192 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
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Bruce Peninsula National Park |
II |
|
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
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Calvin College Ecosystem Preserve |
|
90 |
Michigan, United States |
|
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|
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|
Cape Breton Highlands National Park |
II |
234333 |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Cape Cod National Seashore |
II |
21724 |
Massachusetts, United States |
|
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Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Reserve |
|
9859505 |
New York, Vermont, United States |
|
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Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area |
V |
7622 |
Georgia, United States |
|
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Chippewa Nature Center |
|
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Michigan, United States |
|
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Colonial National Historic Park National Historical Park |
V |
9316 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
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De Soto National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
8007 |
Iowa, Nebraska, United States |
|
|
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Edwin S. George Reserve |
|
1297 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
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Fathom Five National Marine Park |
II |
|
Ontario, Canada |
|
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|
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Forillon National Park |
II |
61010 |
Quebec, Canada |
|
|
|
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|
Fundy National Park |
II |
52716 |
New Brunswick, Canada |
|
|
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|
George Washington Birthplace National Monument |
V |
435 |
Virginia, United States |
|
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George Washington Memorial Parkway |
V |
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Virginia, United States |
|
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Georgian Bay Islands National Park |
II |
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Ontario, Canada |
|
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Gettysburg National Military Park |
V |
3560 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
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Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
II |
515454 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
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Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
3161 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
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Guilford Courthouse National Military Park |
V |
216 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
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Harpers Ferry National Historical Park |
VI |
715 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
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Herbert Hoover National Historic Site |
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Iowa, United States |
|
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Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site |
III |
861 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
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Horicon National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
21369 |
Wisconsin, United States |
|
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Horseshoe Bend National Military Park |
V |
1926 |
Alabama, United States |
|
|
|
|
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Hubbard Brook Biosphere Reserve |
|
7809 |
New Hampshire, United States |
|
|
|
|
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Isle Royale Biosphere Reserve |
Ib |
571799 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Kejimkujik National Park |
II |
94203 |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Kejimkujik Seaside Adjunct National Park |
II |
4970 |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Kouchibouguac National Park |
II |
59161 |
New Brunswick, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
La Mauricie National Park |
II |
131706 |
Quebec, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Lake Superior Provincial Park |
IV |
351011 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Land Between the Lakes Biosphere Reserve |
V |
166264 |
Kentucky, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Lincoln Boyhood National Memorial |
III |
96 |
Indiana, United States |
|
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Little River National Wildlife Refuge |
|
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Oklahoma, United States |
|
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|
|
Long Point Biosphere Reserve |
|
100325 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve (Natn'l Park) National Park |
II |
51235 |
Kentucky, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Manassas National Battlefield Park |
III |
5132 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Mingan Archipelago National Park Reserve |
II |
20461 |
Quebec, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Morristown National Historical Park |
VI |
1677 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Mount Mitchell State Park |
|
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North Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
New River Gorge National River National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
55591 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve |
|
470167 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Ocmulgee National Monument |
V |
693 |
Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Point Pelee National Park |
II |
5764 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Polar Bear Provincial Park |
|
5502026 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Prince Albert National Park |
II |
976762 |
Saskatchewan, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Prince Edward Island National Park |
II |
|
Prince Edward Island, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Pukaskwa National Park |
II |
459860 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Richmond National Battlefield Park |
III |
1517 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Riding Mountain Biosphere Reserve |
II |
762028 |
Manitoba, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Rock Creek Park |
|
|
District of Columbia, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Rondeau Provincial Park |
II |
5035 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Roosevelt Vanderbilt National Historic Site |
|
|
New York, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Saint Croix International Historic Site |
|
|
Maine, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Saint Lawrence Islands National Park |
II |
|
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Saint-Gaudens National Historic Site |
III |
139 |
New Hampshire, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve |
|
37548505 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Southwest Nova Biosphere Reserve |
|
3821173 |
Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Tennessee River Gorge |
|
|
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Upper Miss. River Nat'l Wildlife Refuge National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
25823 |
Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Western Michigan Universitys Asylum Lake Preserve |
|
274 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
26618 |
Alabama, United States |
|
|
|
|
|
Winisk River Provincial Park |
II |
434735 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Wood Buffalo National Park |
II |
11038545 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
|
Woodland Caribou Provincial Wilderness Park Provincial Park |
II |
1072124 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
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Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org♦ 2de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 3Oliveira, Brunno Freire; São-Pedro, Vinícius Avelar; Santos-Barrera, Georgina; Penone, Caterina; C. Costa, Gabriel. (2017) AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Sci. Data. ♦ 4Study of Northern Virginia Ecology♦ 5Anurans as prey: an exploratory analysis and size relationships between predators and their prey, L. F. Toledo, R. S. Ribeiro & C. F. B. Haddad, Journal of Zoology 271 (2007) 170–177 ♦ 6Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 7Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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