Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge

Location:Florida, United States
IUCN Category:IV
Area:38,256 acres (15,482 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Website:View website
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: hot summer)

Ecoregions

Southeastern conifer forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share 60 %30 %10 %
Soil TypeHistosolsGleyic PodzolsDystric RegosolsHistosols
Topsoil TextureMediumCoarseMediumMedium
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainageVery poorPoorModerately wellVery poor
Available Water Capacity150 m100 m150 m150 m
Topsoil Properties
Gravel15 %3 %20 %15 %
Sand26 %86 %42 %26 %
Silt35 %10 %37 %35 %
Clay39 %4 %21 %39 %
USDA TextureClayLoamy sandLoamClay
Reference Bulk Density1.28 g/cm³1.73 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³1.28 g/cm³
Bulk Density0.26 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³1.37 g/cm³0.26 g/cm³
Organic Carbon35.27 %1.62 %1.37 %35.27 %
PH54.55.15
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity45 cmol kg⁻¹47 cmol kg⁻¹23 cmol kg⁻¹45 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity80 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹11 cmol kg⁻¹80 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation64 %18 %22 %64 %
Total Exchangeable Bases45.4 cmol kg⁻¹3.6 cmol kg⁻¹2.6 cmol kg⁻¹45.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %1 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel1 %6 %35 %1 %
Sand43 %85 %44 %43 %
Silt28 %10 %35 %28 %
Clay29 %5 %21 %29 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamy sandLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.35 g/cm³1.7 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³
Bulk Density0.16 g/cm³1.58 g/cm³1.53 g/cm³0.16 g/cm³
Organic Carbon33.85 %0.93 %0.6 %33.85 %
PH5.24.94.95.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity49 cmol kg⁻¹44 cmol kg⁻¹18 cmol kg⁻¹49 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity79 cmol kg⁻¹3 cmol kg⁻¹6 cmol kg⁻¹79 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation59 %19 %25 %59 %
Total Exchangeable Bases55.3 cmol kg⁻¹0.9 cmol kg⁻¹2.1 cmol kg⁻¹55.3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium1 %3 %2 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263