Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Fringillidae > Spinus > Spinus psaltriaSpinus psaltria (Lesser Goldfinch)Synonyms: Carduelis psaltria Language: Spanish The Lesser Goldfinch (Spinus psaltria) is a very small songbird of the Americas. Together with its relatives the American Goldfinch and Lawrence's Goldfinch, it forms the American goldfinches clade in the genus Spinus sensu stricto. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 3.09014 EDGE Score: 1.40858 |
Adult Weight [1] | 9 grams | Birth Weight [3] | 1.1 grams |  | Breeding Habitat [2] | Forests | Wintering Geography [2] | Western U.S./Mexico | Wintering Habitat [2] | Generalist |  | Diet [4] | Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore, Granivore, Herbivore | Diet - Fruit [4] | 30 % | Diet - Invertibrates [4] | 10 % | Diet - Plants [4] | 30 % | Diet - Seeds [4] | 30 % | Forages - Mid-High [4] | 40 % | Forages - Understory [4] | 40 % | Forages - Ground [4] | 20 % |  | Clutch Size [6] | 4 | Clutches / Year [5] | 1 | Fledging [1] | 14 days | Global Population (2017 est.) [2] | 8,900,000 | Incubation [5] | 12 days | Mating Display [3] | Ground and non-acrobatic aerial display | Mating System [3] | Monogamy | Maximum Longevity [5] | 6 years |
|
Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Arizona Mountains forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Baja California desert |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Bajío dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Balsas dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
California Central Valley grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
California coastal sage and chaparral |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
|
|
|
Cauca Valley montane forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central American Atlantic moist forests |
Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central American dry forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central American montane forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central American pine-oak forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central and Southern mixed grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Central forest-grasslands transition |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Central Mexican matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Central Pacific coastal forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Chiapas Depression dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Chiapas montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Chihuahuan desert |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Colorado Plateau shrublands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Colorado Rockies forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cordillera La Costa montane forests |
Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cordillera Oriental montane forests |
Colombia, Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Eastern Cordillera real montane forests |
Ecuador, Colombia, Peru |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Edwards Plateau savanna |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Great Basin shrub steppe |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Gulf of California xeric scrub |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests |
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Jalisco dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Klamath-Siskiyou forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Llanos |
Colombia, Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Magdalena Valley montane forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Marañón dry forests |
Peru |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Meseta Central matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Mojave desert |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Northern California coastal forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Northern short grasslands |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Northwestern Andean montane forests |
Colombia, Ecuador |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Oaxacan montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Peruvian Yungas |
Peru |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
San Lucan xeric scrub |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Santa Marta montane forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra de la Laguna dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra de la Laguna pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Juarez and San Pedro Martir pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre de Oaxaca pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre del Sur pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Nevada forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sinaloan dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Snake-Columbia shrub steppe |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Sonoran desert |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Sonoran-Sinaloan transition subtropical dry forest |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Southern Pacific dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Talamancan montane forests |
Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Tamaulipan matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Tamaulipan mezquital |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Tehuacán Valley matorral |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Texas blackland prairies |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Venezuelan Andes montane forests |
Colombia, Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Veracruz montane forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Wasatch and Uinta montane forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Western Gulf Coastal grasslands |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Western short grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Willamette Valley forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Wyoming Basin shrub steppe |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Yucatán dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Yucatán moist forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Belize |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Anza-Borrego Desert State Park, CA |
III |
184543 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Arches National Park |
II |
76539 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Badlands National Park |
II |
178535 |
South Dakota, United States |
|
|
|
|
Bandelier National Monument |
V |
8107 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Big Bend Biosphere Reserve National Park |
II |
815561 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Big Morongo Canyon Preserve Area of Critical Environmental Concern |
V |
3906 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Boggs Lake Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
192 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Bryce Canyon National Park |
II |
36348 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
California Coast Ranges Biosphere Reserve |
|
153447 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Canyonlands National Park |
II |
335430 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Capital Reef National Park |
II |
243722 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Capulin Volcano National Monument |
V |
796 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Carlsbad Caverns National Park |
II |
15448 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Carrizo Plain Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
7550 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Casa Grande National Monument |
V |
468 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Chaco Culture National Historical Park |
V |
34277 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Channel Islands National Park |
II |
139010 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Chiricahua National Monument |
V |
1421 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Coachella Valley Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
8106 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Colorado National Monument |
III |
20420 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Coronado National Monument National Memorial |
III |
4360 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cosumnes River Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
2138 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Creighton Ranch Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
3275 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Curecanti National Recreation Area |
V |
31032 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Death Valley National Park |
II |
762125 |
California, Nevada, United States |
|
|
|
|
Dinosaur National Monument |
III |
203307 |
Colorado, Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Dye Creek Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
38152 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
El Malpais National Monument |
III |
109980 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
El Morro National Monument |
V |
960 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Elkhorn Slough Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
964 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Estación Biológica El Frío |
|
57221 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Farallon National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
352 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fort Bowie National Historic Site |
III |
1004 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fort Union National Monument |
V |
722 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Glen Canyon National Recreation Area |
V |
1087901 |
Arizona, Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Golden Gate National Recreation Area |
V |
26135 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Grand Canyon National Park |
II |
1210128 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gray Lodge State Wildlife Area State Wildlife Management Area |
IV |
8471 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Great Basin National Park |
II |
77367 |
Nevada, United States |
|
|
|
|
Guadalupe Mountains National Park |
II |
46114 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Heath and Marjorie Angelo Coast Range Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
7008 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Hibberd Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
1485 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Imataca Forest Reserve |
VI |
13252422 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Jornada Biosphere Reserve |
Ib |
30913 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Joshua Tree National Park |
II |
305076 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Kaweah Oaks Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
319 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Kern River Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
834 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
La Amistad International Park National Park |
II |
541617 |
Panama, Costa Rica |
|
|
|
|
Lake Mead National Recreation Area |
V |
670229 |
Arizona, Nevada, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lanphere-Christensen Dunes Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
471 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lassen Volcanic National Park |
II |
29388 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lava Beds National Monument |
III |
20002 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Macarao National Park |
II |
44345 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
McCloud River Preserve Conservation Easement |
|
1693 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
McGinty Mountain Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
753 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Mesa Verde National Park |
II |
40098 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Mojave and Colorado Deserts Biosphere Reserve |
|
5901 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Montecristo National Park |
IV |
9237 |
El Salvador |
|
|
|
|
Morrocoy National Park |
|
63672 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Mount Tamalpais State Park |
|
6365 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Natural Bridges National Monument |
III |
7412 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Navajo National Monument |
V |
604 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Nipomo Dunes Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
3725 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Organ Pipe Cactus Biosphere Reserve |
|
327376 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Paine Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
|
2965 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Parque Nacional Henri Pittier National Park |
|
218030 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Parque Nacional Sierra de San Luis National Park |
II |
50473 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Parque Nacional Yacambu National Park |
II |
43025 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Pecos National Historical Park |
V |
6539 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Petrified Forest National Park |
II |
44522 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Philip L. Boyd Deep Canyon Desert Research Center |
|
6101 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Pinnacles National Monument |
V |
2869 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Point Reyes National Seashore |
II |
27068 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Redwood National Park |
II |
77867 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de Mapimi Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
849819 |
Chihuahua, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera El Cielo Biosphere Reserve |
|
353161 |
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera El Vizcaino Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
6176727 |
Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra Gorda Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
955579 |
Queretaro, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Michilia Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
23405 |
Durango, Mexico |
|
|
|
|
Ring Mountain Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
Ia |
438 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Rocky Mountain Biosphere Reserve |
II |
239938 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Saguaro National Park |
II |
11686 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument |
V |
1081 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Samuel P. Taylor State Park |
|
2694 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
San Antonio Missions National Historical Park |
VI |
854 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
San Dimas Biosphere Reserve |
|
17161 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
San Joaquin Biosphere Reserve |
|
4527 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Santa Cruz Island Preserve Nature Conservancy - Preserve |
|
46021 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area |
V |
38440 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sequoia and Kings Canyon Biosphere Reserve |
II |
172261 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sevilleta LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
IV |
228335 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (incl. Tayrona NP) National Park |
II |
1031303 |
Colombia |
|
|
|
|
Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument |
V |
3049 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Tonto National Monument |
V |
1123 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Walnut Canyon National Monument |
V |
3386 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Whiskey-Shasta-Trinity National Recreation Area |
V |
197791 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
White Sands National Monument |
III |
139922 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Wupatki National Monument |
III |
36098 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Yosemite National Park |
II |
95209 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Zion National Park |
II |
135667 |
Utah, United States |
|
|
|
|
Name |
Location |
Endemic |
Species |
Website |
California Floristic Province |
Mexico, United States |
No |
|
|
Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands |
Mexico, United States |
No |
|
|
Mesoamerica |
Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama |
No |
|
|
Tropical Andes |
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela |
No |
|
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 Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018. ♦ 3Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 5de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 7Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics. ♦ 8Effectiveness of Dispersal of an Ornithocorous Cactus Myrtillocactus geometrizans (Cactaceae) in a Patchy Environment, Mónica G. Pérez-Villafaña and Alfonso Valiente-Banuet, The Open Biology Journal, 2009, 2, 101-113 ♦ 9THE ROLE OF SEED DISPERSERS IN THE POPULATION DYNAMICS OF THE COLUMNAR CACTUS NEOBUXBAUMIA TETETZO, HÉCTOR GODÍNEZ-ALVAREZ, ALFONSO VALIENTE-BANUET, AND ALBERTO ROJAS-MARTÍNEZ, Ecology, 83(9), 2002, pp. 2617-2629 Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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