Diet Overlap

Turdus merula (Eurasian Blackbird)
Turdus philomelos (Song Thrush)

Common Diet

Alectryon excelsus
Cephalotaxus brevifolia (Common yew)
Chamaemespilus alpina (Winterbeam)
Coprosma robusta
Cornus sanguinea (bloodtwig dogwood)
Dacrycarpus dacrydioides (kahika)
Euonymus europaeus (European spindletree)
Frangula alnus (Glossy Buckthorn)
Hedycarya arborea (Pigeonwood)
Ilex aquifolium (English holly)
Leycesteria formosa (Himalayan honeysuckle)
Ligustrum vulgare (lilac)
Malus sylvestris (Crab Apple)
Melicytus ramiflorus ramiflorus
Muehlenbeckia australis (muehlenbeckia)
Nestegis cunninghamii
Phillyrea latifolia
Pistacia lentiscus (mastic tree)
Podocarpus cunninghamii (Hall totara)
Prumnopitys taxifolia (Matai)
Prunus avium (Wild Cherry)
Prunus padus (Bird Cherry)
Prunus spinosa (Blackthorn)
Rhamnus cathartica (Hart's thorn)
Rhopalostylis sapida (Nikau palm)
Ribes nigrum (European black currant)
Ribes spicatum (currant)
Ripogonum scandens
Sambucus nigra (European black elderberry)
Schefflera digitata (Schefflera)
Solanum dulcamara (deadly nightshade)
Sorbus aucuparia (Mountain Ash)
Stenurella melanura
Viburnum opulus (European cranberrybush)
Viburnum rigidum (laurustinus)

Common Habitat

Adata-Tundzha
Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests
Aggtelek Biosphere Reserve
AISTHITIKO DASOS KALAVRYTON
Al Wathba Wetland Reserve
Alpár-bokrosi tisza-ártéri öblözet
Alpe di Storo e Bondone
Alps conifer and mixed forests
Alsó-Tisza-völgy
Alte Valli Pesio e Tanaro
Alte Valli Stura e Maira
ALTO CINCA
Alto Garda Bresciano
Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests
Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra
Appenine deciduous montane forests
Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands
Arda Bridge
Astrakhanskiy Biosphere Reserve
Atanasovsko ezero
Atlantic mixed forests
Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe
Azraq Wetland Reserve
Babia Góra National Park
Bacini ex-zuccherificio di Argelato e Golena del Fiume Reno
Badghyz Zapovednik
Bakarlaka
Balchik
Balkan mixed forests
Baltic mixed forests
Basso Taro
Batova
Bayerischer Wald National Park
Beigua - Turchino
Belene Islands Complex
Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve
Berchtesgaden Alps
Berezinskiy Zapovednik
Bialowieza National Park
Biotopi e Ripristini ambientali di Bentivoglio, S. Pietro in Casale, Malalbergo e Baricella
Biotopi e Ripristini ambientali di Budrio e Minerbio
Biotopi e Ripristini ambientali di Crevalcore
Biotopi e Ripristini ambientali di Medicina e Molinella
Bocca d'Ardole - Corno della Paura
Bocca di Caset
Boschi del Ticino
Boschi e Sorgenti della Baronia
Bosco della Mesola, Bosco Panfilia, Bosco di Santa Giustina, Valle Falce, La Goara
Bosco di Castelvetere in Val Fortore
Bosco Fontana
Burgasko ezero
Caerlaverock National Nature Reserve
Cairnsmore of Fleet, Silver Flowe, and Merrick Kells
Calamocarro-Benzú
Caledon conifer forests
Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests
Canneti del Lago Maggiore
Cantabrian mixed forests
Cap de cala Figuera
Cap Enderrocat-cap Blanc
Carpathian
Carpathian montane forests
Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
Caucasus
Caucasus mixed forests
Celtic broadleaf forests
Central Anatolian deciduous forests
Central Anatolian steppe
Central European mixed forests
Ceppo Tomena
Chatham Island temperate forests
Codru (Kodry) Zapovednik
COLLARADA - IBÓN DE IP
Corpo centrale e rupi costiere occidentali dell'Isola di Capri
Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests
Costa Brava de Mallorca
Costa Nord de Ciutadella
COTIELLA - SIERRA FERRERA
Crete Mediterranean forests
Crimean Submediterranean forest complex
Crinale Pichea - Rocchetta
Cyprus Mediterranean forests
Dana
Darvinsky Zapovednik
Dels Alocs a Fornells
Derventski Heights
DESFILADERO DE LOS GAITANES
DESFILADEROS DEL RÍO JALÓN
DESFILADEROS DEL RÍO MARTÍN
Devetashko Plateau
Dinaric Mountains mixed forests
Disgrazia - Sissone
DOÑANA
Durankulak Lake
East European forest steppe
Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests
Eastern Anatolian montane steppe
Eastern Beskid
Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests
EL TURBÓN Y SIERRA DE SÍS
Elburz Range forest steppe
EMBALSE DEL PAS Y SANTA RITA
Emine
English Lowlands beech forests
Es Trenc-Salobrar de Campos
ESTEPAS DE BELCHITE-EL PLANERON-LA LOMAZA
Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests
Felsõ-kiskunsági szikes puszták és turjánvidék
Flusslandschaft Elbe Biosphere Reserve
Fontanazzo
Fontanili di Gattatico e Fiume Enza
Foresta di Legnoli
Foresta Umbra
Foret Domaniale du Circeo
GALACHOS DE LA ALFRANCA DE PASTRIZ, LA CARTUJA Y EL BURGO DE EBRO
Galata
Galichia Gora Zapovednik
Garzaia della Carola
Garzaia di Cascina Villarasca
Garzaie del Parco Adda Sud
Gessi Bolognesi, Calanchi dell'Abbadessa
Grigne
Gruppo del Monviso e Bosco dell'Alevè
Harsovska Reka
HOCES DEL RIO MESA
Iberian conifer forests
Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests
Illots de Ponent
Illyrian deciduous forests
Irano-Anatolian
Iskmo ön
Isle of Rum National Nature Reserve
Isola Boscone
Isola di Vivara
Isola Mal di Ventre
Itäisen Suomenlahden saaristo ja vedet
Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests
Ivailovgrad Reservoir
Izsáki Kolon-tó
Kaliakra
Kalimok Complex
Kamchiyska Mountain
Kamenski Bair
Karadagskiy Zapovednik
Karkonosze
Karlukovski Karst
Kavkazskiy Biosphere Reserve
Khazar Zapovednik
Killarney National Park
Kiskunsag Biosphere Reserve
Kiskunsági szikes tavak és az õrjegi turjánvidék
Kopetdagh Zapovednik
Kotlenska Mountain
Kresna Gordge
Krivoklatsko Protected Landscape Area
Krkonose
Krumovitza
Kugitang Zapovednik
L-Ghadira Area
La Bora
La Mola i s'Albufera de Fornells
La Rocchetta
LA SOTONERA
La Trapa
La Vall
Laajalahti
Laghetto del Frassino
Lago di Conza della Campania
Lago di Mezzola e Pian di Spagna
Lagorai
LAGUNA DE SARIÑENA Y BALSA DE LA ESTACIÓN
LAGUNAS Y CARRIZALES DE CINCO VILLAS
Laidauredeltat
Lake Torne Area
Lanca di Gussola
Laplandskiy Biosphere Reserve
Le Cesine
LOMA LA NEGRA - BARDENAS
Lomovete
LOS VALLES
Luberon
Ludogorie
Macquarie Island Nature Reserve
Madzharovo
Mandra - Poda
MARISMAS DE ISLA CRISTINA
Marismas de Santoña y Noja
MARISMAS DEL RIO PIEDRAS Y FLECHA DEL ROMPIDO
Marjovuori
Massiccio del Monte Eremita
MATARRAÑA - AIGUABARREIX
Matese
Medio Taro
Mediterranean Basin
Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests
Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe
Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe
Mediterranean woodlands and forests
Melnik Pyramids
Mesopotamian shrub desert
Middle East steppe
Mikre
Mondragó
Mont Ventoux
Monte Barro
Monte dei Sette Fratelli
Monte di Scerscen - Ghiacciai di Scerscen - Monte Motta
MONTES DE ZUERA, CASTEJÓN DE VALDEJASA Y EL CASTELLAR
MONTES UNIVERSALES - SIERRA DEL TREMEDAL
Monticchie
Mordovsky Zapovednik
Mount Aspiring National Park
Mountains of Central Asia
Mujib Nature Reserve
Murgia Alta
Neusiedler See-Osterreichischer Teil
Nikopolsko Plateau
Nile Delta flooded savanna
Norfolk Island
North Atlantic moist mixed forests
North Bull Island
North Norfolk Coast Biosphere Reserve
North Saharan steppe and woodlands
Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests
Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests
Northwest Iberian montane forests
Okskiy Biosphere Reserve
Olkijokisuu-Pattijoen pohjoishaara
OROS KANTILI
OROS YMITTOS
Osogovo
Palakaria
Palava Protected Landscape Area
Pamir alpine desert and tundra
Pannonian mixed forests
Parc National Suisse
Parco Del Cilento e Vallo de Diano
Parco Naturale Adamello
Parco Nazionale dello Stelvio
Parco Regionale Campo dei Fiori
Parco Regionale Oglio Sud
Parco Regionale Orobie Bergamasche
Parco Regionale Orobie Valtellinesi
Paul do Boquilobo Biosphere Reserve
Pechoro-Ilychskiy Biosphere Reserve
Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert
Piana di Semestene, Bonorva, Macomer e Bortigali
Picentini
Pindus Mountains mixed forests
Po Basin mixed forests
Polana Biosphere Reserve
Ponor
Pontic steppe
Pozharevo Island
Prespa National Park
Prioksko-Terrasny Biosphere Reserve
Provadiysko-Royaksko plateau
PUERTOS DE BECEITE
Punta Campanella
Puszcza Kampinoska
Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests
Rahjan saaristo
Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert
Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert
Reserva de la Biosfera de Urdaibai
Reserve de la Biosphere d'Iroise
Reserve Nationale de Camargue Biosphere Reserve
Reserve Srebarna
Rila
RÍO GUADALOPE - MAESTRAZGO
RÍO HUERVA Y LAS PLANAS
Risaie della Lomellina
Riserva Regionale Bosco dei Bordighi
Riserva Regionale Bosco Ronchetti
Riserva Regionale Fontanile Nuovo
Riserva Regionale Garzaia di Pomponesco
Riserva Regionale Lanca di Gerole
Riserva Regionale Paluaccio di Oga
Rödkallen-SörÄspen
Rodope montane mixed forests
Ropotamo Complex
Ruegen
Rummelön-Harrbådan
Rupite
Ruy
S'Albufera de Mallorca
S'Albufera des Grau
Sa Dragonera
Sakar
Salina di Cervia
SALVATIERRA - FOZES DE FAGO Y BINIÉS
San Genesio
Sarmatic mixed forests
Savuniemi ja Kipansalo
Scandinavian and Russian taiga
Scandinavian coastal conifer forests
Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands
Schorfheide-Chorin
Sciorella
SERRETA DE TRAMACED
Ses Salines d'Eivissa i Formentera
Settore e rupi costiere orientali dell'Isola di Capri
Shabla Lake Complex
Sidländet
Siepi e Canali di Resega - Foresto
SIERRA DE ALCUBIERRE
SIERRA DE CANCIÁS - SILVES
SIERRA DE MONCAYO - LOS FAYOS - SIERRA DE ARMAS
SIERRA NEVADA
SIERRA SUBBETICA
SIERRAS DE CAZORLA, SEGURA Y LAS VILLAS
SIERRAS DE LEYRE Y ORBA
SIERRAS DE SANTO DOMINGO Y CABALLERA Y RÍO ONSELLA
Sinite Kamani-Grebenets
Slavyanka
SOTOS Y CARRIZALES DEL RÍO ARAGÓN
South Appenine mixed montane forests
South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert
South Taupo Wetland
Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands
Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests
Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests
Spreewald
Srebarna
Sredna Gora
St. Kilda National Nature Reserve
Strandzha
Studen Kladenets
Studenetz
Stura di Demonte
Suha Reka
Sumava Biosphere Reserve
Syunt-Khasardagh Zapovednik
Taklimakan desert
Tatra Mountains
Taynish National Nature Reserve
Tian Shan foothill arid steppe
Tian Shan montane conifer forests
Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows
Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh
Tongariro National Park
Torbiere d'Iseo
Trebon Basin Protected Landscape Area
Triglav National Park
Trigrad-Mursalitsa
Tsentral'no-Chernozemny Biosphere Reserve
Tsentral'no-Lesnoy Biosphere Reserve
Tyrrhenian-Adriatic sclerophyllous and mixed forests
Tzentralen Balkan
Val Caffaro
Val Codera
Val di Scalve
Val di Togno - Pizzo Scalino
Val Formazza
Val Grigna
Val Troncea
Vallazza
Valle dei Ratti - Cime di Gaiazzo
Valle del Mezzano, Valle Pega
Valli del Mincio
Valli di Argenta
Valli di Comacchio
Valli Mirandolesi
Variconi
Varna-Beloslav Lakes Complex
Vasilyovska Mountain
Vessertal-Thuringian Forest Biosphere Reserve
Vesuvio e Monte Somma
Viadana, Portiolo, San Benedetto Po e Ostiglia
VIÑAMALA
Vitosha
Voronezhskiy Biosphere Reserve
Vrachanski Balkan
Waddensea of Lower Saxony
Waddensea of Schleswig-Holstein
Western Balkan
Western European broadleaf forests
Western Strandzha
Yatata
Zagros Mountains forest steppe
Zapadni Rodopi
Zlatiata

Attributes / relations provided by
1THE IMPORTANCE OF BIRDS AS BROWSERS, POLLINATORS AND SEED DISPERSERS IN NEW ZEALAND FORESTS, M.N. Clout and J. R. Hay, NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, VOL 12, (SUPPLEMENT) 1989, pp. 27-33
2Birds and berries: a study of an ecological interaction. Calton, Great Britain, Snow B.K., Snow D.W., 1988, T & AD Poyser. 268 p.
3FLESHY FRUITS OF INDIGENOUS AND ADVENTIVE PLANTS IN THE DIET OF BIRDS IN FOREST REMNANTS, NELSON, NEW ZEALAND, PETER A. WILLIAMS and BRIAN J. KARL, New Zealand Journal of Ecology (1996) 20(2): 127-145
4VARIATIONS IN SPINDLE EUONYMUS EUROPAEUS CONSUMPTION BY FRUGIVOROUS BIRDS DURING THE FRUITING SEASON, Ángel HERNÁNDEZ, Ardeola 50(2), 2003, 171-180
5Farwig, Nina; Schabo, Dana G.; Albrecht, Jörg (2017), Data from: Trait-associated loss of frugivores in fragmented forest does not affect seed removal rates, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.2784g
6Ecology of Commanster
7A STUDY OF AVIAN FRUGIVORES, BIRD-DISPERSED PLANTS, AND THElR INTERACTION IN MEDITERRANEAN SCRUBLANDS, CARLOS M. HERRERA, Ecological Monographs, 54(1), 1984, pp. 1-23
8Recruitment of a Mast-Fruiting, Bird-Dispersed Tree: Bridging Frugivore Activity and Seedling Establishment, Carlos M. Herrera, Pedro Jordano, Luis López-Soria, Juan A. Amat, Ecological Monographs, 64(3), 1994, pp. 315-344