Valle dei Ratti - Cime di Gaiazzo

Location:Italy
Area:3,368 acres (1,363 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:ET (Climate: polar; Temperature: polar tundra)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Alps conifer and mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share30 %20 %20 %5 %5 %50 %35 %8 %7 %
Soil TypeLithic LeptosolsLithic LeptosolsLithic LeptosolsUmbric LeptosolsRendzic LeptosolsDystric CambisolsCambic PodzolsUmbric LeptosolsHaplic Luvisols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumCoarseCoarseCoarseCoarse
Reference Depth10 cm10 cm10 cm30 cm30 cm100 cm100 cm30 cm100 cm
DrainageImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyWellSomewhat excessiveModerately wellModerately well
Available Water Capacity15 mm15 mm15 mm15 mm15 mm50 m15 m15 mm75 m
Phase 1StonyStonyStonyStonyStonyStonyStonyStonyStony
Root Obstacle     None to 80 cm20 - 40 cm None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer     None to 150 cm40 - 80 cm None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime     Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthNot wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel21 %21 %21 %6 %16 %10 %3 %10 %4 %
Sand42 %42 %42 %49 %37 %75 %85 %79 %82 %
Silt34 %34 %34 %31 %44 %15 %10 %13 %8 %
Clay24 %24 %24 %20 %19 %10 %5 %8 %10 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamSandy loamLoamy sandLoamy sandLoamy sand
Reference Bulk Density1.38 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.58 g/cm³1.7 g/cm³1.62 g/cm³1.59 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.3 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.1 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.49 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.45 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³
Organic Carbon1.61 %1.61 %1.61 %2.4 %2.13 %0.7 %2.02 %2.59 %0.4 %
PH7.57.57.55.17.55.14.34.76.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity42 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹34 cmol kg⁻¹80 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹78 cmol kg⁻¹24 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹5 cmol kg⁻¹8 cmol kg⁻¹6 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation100 %100 %100 %36 %100 %28 %17 %86 %89 %
Total Exchangeable Bases15.5 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹4.7 cmol kg⁻¹28.8 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹2.5 cmol kg⁻¹5.2 cmol kg⁻¹5.9 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate3.9 %3.9 %3.9 %0 %6 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %3 %3 %4 %2 %5 %0 %0 %2 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel     9 %3 % 6 %
Sand     68 %86 % 75 %
Silt     17 %10 % 8 %
Clay     15 %4 % 17 %
USDA Texture     Sandy loamLoamy sand Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density     1.51 g/cm³1.73 g/cm³ 1.5 g/cm³
Bulk Density     1.5 g/cm³1.57 g/cm³ 1.57 g/cm³
Organic Carbon     0.27 %0.51 % 0.24 %
PH     54.8 6.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity     31 cmol kg⁻¹50 cmol kg⁻¹ 53 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity     5 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹ 10 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation     36 %21 % 88 %
Total Exchangeable Bases     1.4 cmol kg⁻¹1.5 cmol kg⁻¹ 8.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate     0 %0 % 0 %
Calcium Sulphate     0 %0 % 0 %
Exchangeable Sodium     5 %0 % 1 %
Electrical Conductivity     0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263