Paul do Boquilobo Biosphere Reserve

Location:Portugal
IUCN Category:IV
Area:1,352 acres (547 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)

Ecoregions

Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 A
  
Share60 %30 %4 %3 %3 %
Soil TypeEutric FluvisolsCalcaric FluvisolsEutric GleysolsDystric FluvisolsGleyic Solonchaks
Topsoil TextureMediumFineMediumMediumFine
Reference Depth100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm100 cm
DrainagePoorVery poorPoorPoorPoor
Available Water Capacity150 m150 m150 m150 m150 m
Phase 1    Sodic
Root ObstacleNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cmNone to 80 cm
Impermeable LayerNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cmNone to 150 cm 
Soil Water RegimeWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 monthWet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 monthWet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel4 %4 %4 %4 %4 %
Sand39 %14 %37 %47 %22 %
Silt40 %39 %40 %33 %26 %
Clay21 %47 %23 %20 %52 %
USDA TextureLoamClayLoamLoamClay
Reference Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.42 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.36 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.33 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.86 %0.97 %1.07 %1.05 %0.53 %
PH7.286.24.88.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity63 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹41 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity16 cmol kg⁻¹28 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹29 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation91 %100 %88 %36 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases16.9 cmol kg⁻¹22.3 cmol kg⁻¹10.2 cmol kg⁻¹2.6 cmol kg⁻¹46.5 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0.5 %13.3 %0 %0 %9 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0.4 %
Exchangeable Sodium2 %2 %2 %2 %45 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-11 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-112.7 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel7 %3 %5 %8 %6 %
Sand41 %15 %36 %51 %24 %
Silt38 %40 %36 %29 %23 %
Clay21 %45 %28 %20 %53 %
USDA TextureLoamClayClay loamLoamClay
Reference Bulk Density1.4 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.35 g/cm³1.43 g/cm³1.23 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.39 g/cm³1.46 g/cm³1.5 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.31 g/cm³
Organic Carbon0.38 %0.45 %0.37 %0.41 %0.38 %
PH7.57.96.64.98.8
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity61 cmol kg⁻¹51 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹20 cmol kg⁻¹48 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity14 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹13 cmol kg⁻¹7 cmol kg⁻¹29 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation96 %100 %90 %29 %100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases15.2 cmol kg⁻¹20.9 cmol kg⁻¹11.9 cmol kg⁻¹2 cmol kg⁻¹55.3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate2.5 %19.2 %0 %0 %9 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0.2 %0 %0 %0.5 %
Exchangeable Sodium3 %3 %2 %2 %42 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-11.9 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-121.5 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263