World Species : Protected Area : MONFRAGÜE Y LAS DEHESAS DEL ENTORNO

MONFRAGÜE Y LAS DEHESAS DEL ENTORNO

Location:	Spain
Area:	287,016 acres (116,151 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A			B		C				D				E		F			G				H

Share	70 %	20 %	10 %	90 %	10 %	40 %	25 %	15 %	15 %	60 %	25 %	10 %	5 %	50 %	50 %	45 %	35 %	20 %	60 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	40 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	5 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Calcaric Fluvisols	Calcaric Cambisols	Calcaric Fluvisols	Lithic Leptosols	Umbric Leptosols	Dystric Regosols	Dystric Cambisols	Umbric Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Vertic Luvisols	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Regosols	Eutric Planosols	Eutric Planosols	Stagnic Luvisols	Gleyic Acrisols	Gleyic Luvisols	Dystric Planosols	Eutric Fluvisols	Calcaric Cambisols	Eutric Fluvisols	Calcaric Fluvisols	Dystric Regosols	Umbric Leptosols	Dystric Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Eutric Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols	Haplic Acrisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Poor	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Well	Somewhat excessive	Poor	Poor	Poor	Poor	Poor	Poor	Poor	Moderately well	Poor	Poor	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	75 m	150 m	150 m	0 mm	15 mm	100 m	15 m	15 mm	15 mm	150 m	100 m	100 m	50 m	50 m	50 m	15 m	15 m	15 m	75 m	150 m	50 m	75 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	50 m
Phase 1	Gravelly			Stony	Stony		Gravelly	Gravelly								Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly		Gravelly	Gravelly
Phase 2							Lithic
Root Obstacle	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm			40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm			None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm		60 - 80 cm		60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	20 - 40 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm							None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm	0 - 40 cm	0 - 40 cm	0 - 40 cm	0 - 40 cm	0 - 40 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	40 - 80 cm	None to 150 cm						None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month			Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month			Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month			Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Misc. Property										Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	15 %	6 %	15 %	21 %	10 %	19 %	10 %	10 %	21 %	4 %	10 %	15 %	4 %	4 %	4 %	4 %	4 %	4 %	4 %	6 %	4 %	15 %	19 %	6 %	10 %	21 %	9 %	4 %	4 %
Sand	34 %	36 %	34 %	73 %	79 %	78 %	75 %	79 %	73 %	72 %	77 %	83 %	80 %	80 %	80 %	77 %	80 %	77 %	39 %	36 %	39 %	34 %	42 %	49 %	42 %	42 %	42 %	41 %	81 %
Silt	48 %	43 %	48 %	18 %	13 %	13 %	15 %	13 %	18 %	13 %	14 %	11 %	11 %	11 %	10 %	14 %	11 %	12 %	40 %	43 %	40 %	48 %	37 %	31 %	38 %	34 %	36 %	37 %	9 %
Clay	18 %	21 %	18 %	9 %	8 %	9 %	10 %	8 %	9 %	15 %	9 %	6 %	9 %	9 %	10 %	9 %	9 %	11 %	21 %	21 %	21 %	18 %	21 %	20 %	20 %	24 %	22 %	22 %	10 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.59 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.6 %	0.65 %	0.6 %	1.4 %	2.59 %	0.7 %	0.7 %	2.59 %	1.4 %	0.4 %	0.7 %	0.5 %	0.5 %	0.5 %	0.55 %	1.83 %	0.63 %	0.31 %	0.86 %	0.65 %	0.86 %	0.6 %	1.39 %	2.4 %	1.45 %	1.61 %	1 %	0.74 %	0.5 %
PH	8	8	8	7.5	4.7	5.6	5.1	4.7	7.5	6.5	6.9	6.6	5.9	5.9	5.7	5	6.5	5.2	7.2	8	7.2	8	5.1	5.1	5.1	7.5	6.6	6.5	5.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	68 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	68 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	85 cmol kg⁻¹	81 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	68 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %	86 %	86 %	98 %	28 %	86 %	86 %	86 %	91 %	93 %	88 %	88 %	75 %	72 %	83 %	79 %	91 %	100 %	91 %	100 %	24 %	36 %	38 %	100 %	93 %	91 %	72 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	19.8 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	19.8 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.1 cmol kg⁻¹	6.7 cmol kg⁻¹	4.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.1 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	4.6 cmol kg⁻¹	16.9 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	16.9 cmol kg⁻¹	19.8 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	3.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	11.7 %	7 %	11.7 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0.5 %	7 %	0.5 %	11.7 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.2 %	0 %	0.2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.2 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	0 %	3 %	5 %	0 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	3 %	3 %	3 %	1 %	0 %	2 %	0 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	1 %	4 %	2 %	3 %	2 %	1 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.7 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.7 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.7 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	10 %	10 %	10 %			14 %	9 %			5 %	20 %	22 %	7 %	7 %	5 %	8 %	5 %	7 %	7 %	10 %	7 %	10 %	26 %		19 %		12 %	3 %	6 %
Sand	36 %	34 %	36 %			77 %	68 %			58 %	67 %	80 %	63 %	63 %	65 %	64 %	68 %	57 %	41 %	34 %	41 %	36 %	46 %		45 %		41 %	37 %	67 %
Silt	46 %	43 %	46 %			13 %	17 %			14 %	16 %	11 %	12 %	12 %	13 %	14 %	10 %	14 %	38 %	43 %	38 %	46 %	34 %		35 %		34 %	34 %	10 %
Clay	18 %	23 %	18 %			10 %	15 %			28 %	17 %	9 %	25 %	25 %	22 %	22 %	22 %	29 %	21 %	23 %	21 %	18 %	20 %		20 %		25 %	29 %	23 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam			Sandy loam	Sandy loam			Sandy clay loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam		Loam		Loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³			1.58 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³			1.39 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³		1.42 g/cm³		1.38 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.41 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³			1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³			1.55 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.63 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³		1.36 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.4 %	0.43 %	0.4 %			0.31 %	0.27 %			0.27 %	0.4 %	0.3 %	0.28 %	0.28 %	0.26 %	0.42 %	0.3 %	0.3 %	0.38 %	0.43 %	0.38 %	0.4 %	0.6 %		0.5 %		0.37 %	0.36 %	0.3 %
PH	8.1	8.1	8.1			5.3	5			6.4	7.3	6.7	6.3	6.3	5.9	4.7	6.4	5.1	7.5	8.1	7.5	8.1	4.9		5.2		7	6.7	5.2
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	84 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	84 cmol kg⁻¹			36 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹			39 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	84 cmol kg⁻¹	28 cmol kg⁻¹		35 cmol kg⁻¹		55 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	13 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹			4 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹			19 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹		9 cmol kg⁻¹		15 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %			28 %	36 %			84 %	91 %	76 %	98 %	98 %	80 %	42 %	80 %	41 %	96 %	100 %	96 %	100 %	21 %		33 %		93 %	93 %	42 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	20.7 cmol kg⁻¹	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	20.7 cmol kg⁻¹			1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹			7.1 cmol kg⁻¹	9.3 cmol kg⁻¹	2.8 cmol kg⁻¹	13.5 cmol kg⁻¹	13.5 cmol kg⁻¹	8.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.2 cmol kg⁻¹	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	5.6 cmol kg⁻¹	15.2 cmol kg⁻¹	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.2 cmol kg⁻¹	20.7 cmol kg⁻¹	1.8 cmol kg⁻¹		2.6 cmol kg⁻¹		15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	2.4 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	12.2 %	8.7 %	12.2 %			0 %	0 %			0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	2.5 %	8.7 %	2.5 %	12.2 %	0 %		0 %		0.1 %	0 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.2 %	0.4 %	0.2 %			0 %	0 %			0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0.4 %	0 %	0.2 %	0 %		0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	3 %	1 %	3 %			3 %	5 %			0 %	2 %	3 %	3 %	3 %	2 %	0 %	1 %	3 %	3 %	1 %	3 %	3 %	1 %		2 %		2 %	1 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.5 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.5 dS m-1			0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1			0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.5 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263