Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Piciformes > Picidae > Leuconotopicus > Leuconotopicus villosus

Leuconotopicus villosus (Hairy Woodpecker)

Synonyms: Dendrocopos villosus; Dryobates villosus; Picoides villosus; Picus villosus
Language: French; Spanish

Wikipedia Abstract

The hairy woodpecker (Picoides villosus) is a medium-sized woodpecker, averaging approximately 250 mm (9.8 in) in length with a 380 mm (15 in) wingspan. With an estimated population in 2003 of over nine million individuals, the hairy woodpecker is listed by the IUCN as a species of least concern in North America.
View Wikipedia Record: Leuconotopicus villosus

Infraspecies

Leuconotopicus villosus audubonii
Leuconotopicus villosus extimus
Leuconotopicus villosus harrisi
Leuconotopicus villosus hyloscopus
Leuconotopicus villosus icastus
Leuconotopicus villosus intermedius
Leuconotopicus villosus jardinii
Leuconotopicus villosus leucothorectis
Leuconotopicus villosus maynardi
Leuconotopicus villosus monticola
Leuconotopicus villosus orius
Leuconotopicus villosus picoideus
Leuconotopicus villosus piger
Leuconotopicus villosus sanctorum
Leuconotopicus villosus septentrionalis
Leuconotopicus villosus terraenovae
Leuconotopicus villosus villosus

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
1
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
13
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 4.0167
EDGE Score: 1.61277
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  66 grams
Birth Weight [3]  4.3 grams
Female Weight [1]  63 grams
Male Weight [1]  70 grams
Weight Dimorphism [1]  11.1 %
Breeding Habitat [2]  Forests
Wintering Geography [2]  Non-migrartory
Wintering Habitat [2]  Forests
Diet [4]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore, Nectarivore, Granivore
Diet - Fruit [4]  10 %
Diet - Invertibrates [4]  70 %
Diet - Nectar [4]  10 %
Diet - Seeds [4]  10 %
Forages - Mid-High [4]  50 %
Forages - Understory [4]  30 %
Forages - Ground [4]  20 %
Clutch Size [6]  3
Clutches / Year [5]  1
Fledging [1]  29 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [2]  8,900,000
Incubation [5]  14 days
Mating Display [3]  Ground and non-acrobatic aerial display
Mating System [3]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [5]  16 years
Snout to Vent Length [1]  8 inches (21 cm)
Speed [7]  21.698 MPH (9.7 m/s)
Wing Span [7]  15 inches (.375 m)
Female Maturity [5]  1 year
Male Maturity [5]  1 year

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

+ Click for partial list (100)Full list (265)

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
California Floristic Province Mexico, United States No
Caribbean Islands Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent And The Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks And Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands - British, Virgin Islands - U.S. No
Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands Mexico, United States No
Mesoamerica Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama No

Habitat Vegetation Classification

Name Location  Website 
Louisiana Longleaf Pine Fleming Glade United States (Louisiana)
Mesic Coastal Plain Oak Forest United States (New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia)
Northern Hardwood Forest Canada (New Brunswick); United States (Vermont, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Maine)
Slash Pine Managed Forest United States (South Carolina, Georgia, Louisiana, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, North Carolina, Texas)
Transitional Northern Hardwood Forest United States (Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, New Jersey); Canada (Ontario)
Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain Ruderal Loblolly Pine - Shortleaf Pine Forest United States (Oklahoma, Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas)
Upper West Gulf Coastal Plain Shortleaf Pine - Loblolly Pine Naturally Mixed Forest United States (Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Clayey Longleaf Pine Woodland (Dry Type) United States (Texas, Louisiana)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Dry Loblolly Pine - Hardwood Forest United States (Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Dry-Mesic Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland United States (Texas, Louisiana)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Fire-Infrequent Xeric Longleaf Pine Sandhill Woodland United States (Texas, Louisiana)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Longleaf - Mixed Pine - Sweetgum Forest United States (Louisiana, Texas)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Managed Loblolly Pine Forest United States (Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Mesic Loblolly Pine - Mixed Hardwood Forest United States (Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Mesic Upland Longleaf Pine Woodland United States (Louisiana, Texas)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Ruderal Longleaf Pine Flatwoods, Fire-Suppressed Phase United States (Louisiana)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Ruderal Slash Pine Wet Woodland United States (Louisiana)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Shortleaf Pine - Post Oak Forest United States (Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Subcalcareous Pine - Hardwood Slope & Stream Bottom Forest United States (Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Xeric Upland Shortleaf Pine - Oak Woodland United States (Louisiana, Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma)

Prey / Diet

Brahea armata (Blue Hesper Palm)[8]
Zea mays (corn)[9]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Accipiter cooperii (Cooper's Hawk)[9]
Megascops asio (Eastern Screech-Owl)[9]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Ceratophyllus diffinis[10]
Ceratophyllus gallinae (European chicken flea)[10]
Ceratophyllus garei[10]
Dasypsyllus gallinulae perpinnatus[10]

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 3Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 5de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 7SCALING OF MUSCLE COMPOSITION, WING MORPHOLOGY, AND INTERMITTENT FLIGHT BEHAVIOR IN WOODPECKERS, BRET W. TOBALSKE, The Auk 113(1):151-177, 1996
♦ 8Patterns of frugivory, seed dispersal and predation of blue fan palms (Brahea armata) in oases of northern Baja California, E.V. Wehncke, X.L. Medellín, E. Ezcurra, Journal of Arid Environments 73 (2009) 773–783
♦ 9Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 10International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0