Diet Overlap

Sturnus vulgaris (European Starling)
Turdus philomelos (Song Thrush)

Common Diet

Alectryon excelsus
Cephalotaxus brevifolia (Common yew)
Chamaemespilus alpina (Winterbeam)
Cornus sanguinea (bloodtwig dogwood)
Dacrycarpus dacrydioides (kahika)
Prumnopitys taxifolia (Matai)
Prunus avium (Wild Cherry)
Prunus spinosa (Blackthorn)
Rhamnus cathartica (Hart's thorn)
Sambucus nigra (European black elderberry)
Sorbus aucuparia (Mountain Ash)

Common Habitat

Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests
Aggtelek Biosphere Reserve
AISTHITIKO DASOS KALAVRYTON
Al Hajar montane woodlands
Al Wathba Wetland Reserve
Alpár-bokrosi tisza-ártéri öblözet
Alps conifer and mixed forests
Alsó-Tisza-völgy
Altai alpine meadow and tundra
Altai montane forest and forest steppe
Altai steppe and semi-desert
Alte Valli Pesio e Tanaro
Alte Valli Stura e Maira
Alto Garda Bresciano
ALYKI KITROUS - EVRYTERI PERIOCHI
Amudarya Zapovednik
AMVRAKIKOS KOLPOS, DELTA LOUROU KAI ARACHTHOU (PETRA, MYTIKAS, EVRYTERI PERIOCHI)
AMVRAKIKOS KOLPOS, LIMNOTHALASSA KATAFOURKO KAI KORAKONISIA
Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests
ANATOLIKI RODOS: PROFITIS ILIAS - EPTA PIGES - EKVOLI LOUTANI - KATERGO, REMA GADOURA - CHERSONISOS
Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra
Appenine deciduous montane forests
Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands
Arabian Peninsula coastal fog desert
Astrakhanskiy Biosphere Reserve
Atlantic mixed forests
Azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe
Azraq Wetland Reserve
Babia Góra National Park
Bacini ex-zuccherificio di Argelato e Golena del Fiume Reno
Badghyz Zapovednik
Balkan mixed forests
Baltic mixed forests
Barguzinskiy Biosphere Reserve
Basso Taro
Bayerischer Wald National Park
Beigua - Turchino
Beinn Eighe National Nature Reserve
Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve
Berchtesgaden Alps
Berezinskiy Zapovednik
Bialowieza National Park
Biotopi e Ripristini ambientali di Bentivoglio, S. Pietro in Casale, Malalbergo e Baricella
Biotopi e Ripristini ambientali di Budrio e Minerbio
Biotopi e Ripristini ambientali di Crevalcore
Biotopi e Ripristini ambientali di Medicina e Molinella
Boschi del Ticino
Bosco della Mesola, Bosco Panfilia, Bosco di Santa Giustina, Valle Falce, La Goara
Bosco Fontana
Cabo Busto-Luanco
Caerlaverock National Nature Reserve
Cairnsmore of Fleet, Silver Flowe, and Merrick Kells
Calamocarro-Benzú
Caledon conifer forests
Canneti del Lago Maggiore
Cantabrian mixed forests
Cap de cala Figuera
Cap Enderrocat-cap Blanc
Carpathian
Carpathian montane forests
Caspian Hyrcanian mixed forests
Caucasus
Caucasus mixed forests
Celtic broadleaf forests
Central Anatolian deciduous forests
Central Anatolian steppe
Central European mixed forests
Chatham Island temperate forests
Chernye Zemli Biosphere Reserve
Codru (Kodry) Zapovednik
Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests
Costa Brava de Mallorca
Costa Nord de Ciutadella
Crete Mediterranean forests
Crimean Submediterranean forest complex
Cyprus Mediterranean forests
Dana
Darvinsky Zapovednik
Dels Alocs a Fornells
DELTA ACHELOOU, LIMNOTHALASSA MESOLONGIOU - AITOLIKOU KAI EKVOLES EVINOU, NISOI ECHINADES, NISOS PET
DELTA ACHELOOU, LIMNOTHALASSA MESOLONGIOU - AITOLIKOU, EKVOLES EVINOU, NISOI ECHINADES, NISOS PETALA
DELTA EVROU
DELTA EVROU KAI DYTIKOS VRACHIONAS
DELTA NESTOU KAI LIMNOTHALASSES KERAMOTIS - EVRYTERI PERIOCHI KAI PARAKTIA ZONI
DELTA NESTOU KAI LIMNOTHALASSES KERAMOTIS KAI NISOS THASOPOULA
DESFILADERO DE LOS GAITANES
Dinaric Mountains mixed forests
DOÑANA
DYTIKI RODOS: ORI ATTAVYROS & AKRAMYTIS, TECHNITI LIMNI APOLAKKIAS KAI NISIDES GEORGIOU, STRONGYLI,
East European forest steppe
Eastern Anatolian deciduous forests
Eastern Anatolian montane steppe
Eastern Beskid
Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests
EL TURBÓN Y SIERRA DE SÍS
Elburz Range forest steppe
Embalses del centro (San Andrés,la Granda, Trasona y la Furta)
Emin Valley steppe
English Lowlands beech forests
Es Trenc-Salobrar de Campos
Estuário do Sado
Estuário do Tejo
Estuários dos Rios Minho e Coura
ETHNIKOS DRYMOS SAMARIAS - FARANGI TRYPITIS - PSILAFI - KOUSTOGERAKO
Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests
Évora
Felsõ-kiskunsági szikes puszták és turjánvidék
Flusslandschaft Elbe Biosphere Reserve
Fontanazzo
Fontanili di Gattatico e Fiume Enza
Foret Domaniale du Circeo
GALACHOS DE LA ALFRANCA DE PASTRIZ, LA CARTUJA Y EL BURGO DE EBRO
Galichia Gora Zapovednik
Garzaia della Carola
Garzaia di Cascina Villarasca
Garzaie del Parco Adda Sud
Gessi Bolognesi, Calanchi dell'Abbadessa
Grigne
Gulf of Oman desert and semi-desert
Horn of Africa
Hortobágy National Park
Iberian conifer forests
Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests
Illots de Ponent
Illyrian deciduous forests
Irano-Anatolian
Is-Simar (l/o San Pawl il-Bahar)
Isle of Rum National Nature Reserve
Isola Boscone
Isola Mal di Ventre
Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests
Izsáki Kolon-tó
Junggar Basin semi-desert
Karadagskiy Zapovednik
Karkonosze
KATO OLYMPOS, OROS GODAMANI KAI KOILADA RODIAS
KATO ROUS KAI EKVOLES SPERCHEIOU POTAMOU
Kavkazskiy Biosphere Reserve
Khazar Zapovednik
Killarney National Park
Kiskunsag Biosphere Reserve
Kiskunsági szikes tavak és az õrjegi turjánvidék
KOILADA ACHELOOU KAI ORI VALTOU
KOILADA KAI EKVOLES SPERCHEIOU - MALIAKOS KOLPOS
Kola Peninsula tundra
Kopetdagh Zapovednik
KORYFES OROUS SMOLIKAS
Krivoklatsko Protected Landscape Area
Krkonose
Kugitang Zapovednik
L-Ghadira Area
La Bora
La Mola i s'Albufera de Fornells
La Rocchetta
La Trapa
La Vall
Laghetto del Frassino
Lago di Conza della Campania
Lago di Mezzola e Pian di Spagna
LAGUNA DE FUENTE DE PIEDRA
LAGUNA DE SARIÑENA Y BALSA DE LA ESTACIÓN
LAGUNAS Y CARRIZALES DE CINCO VILLAS
Laidauredeltat
Lake Torne Area
Lanca di Gussola
Laplandskiy Biosphere Reserve
LEFKA ORI KAI PARAKTIA ZONI
LIMNES KAI LIMNOTHALASSES TIS THRAKIS - EVRYTERI PERIOCHI KAI PARAKTIA ZONI
LIMNES VISTONIS, ISMARIS - LIMNOTHALASSES PORTO LAGOS, ALYKI PTELEA, XIROLIMNI, KARATZA
LIMNI AGIAS (CHANIA)
LIMNI KERKINI - KROUSIA - KORYFES OROUS BELES, ANGISTRO - CHAROPO
LIMNI KOURNA KAI EKVOLI ALMYROU
LIMNI STYMFALIA
LIMNOTHALASSA KALOGRIAS, DASOS STROFYLIAS KAI ELOS LAMIAS, ARAXOS
Luberon
Macquarie Island Nature Reserve
MARISMAS DE ISLA CRISTINA
Marismas de Santoña y Noja
MARISMAS DEL RIO PIEDRAS Y FLECHA DEL ROMPIDO
Medio Taro
Mediterranean Basin
Mesopotamian shrub desert
METERIZIA AGIOS DIKAIOS - TSOUNARA - VITSILIA LEFKON OREON
Middle East steppe
Mondragó
Monforte
Mont Ventoux
Montesinho/Nogueira
Monticchie
Mount Aspiring National Park
Mountains of Central Asia
Mourão/Moura/Barrancos
Mujib Nature Reserve
Neusiedler See-Osterreichischer Teil
Norfolk Island
North Atlantic moist mixed forests
North Bull Island
North Norfolk Coast Biosphere Reserve
Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests
Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests
Northern Karelian
Northwest Iberian montane forests
NOTIO AKRO RODOU, PRASONISI, YGROTOPOS LIVADI KATTAVIAS
NOTIO DASIKO SYMPLEGMA EVROU
NOTIOANATOLIKOS PARNASSOS - ETHNIKOS DRYMOS PARNASSOU - DASOS TITHOREAS
NOTIODYTIKI CHERSONISOS, APOLITHOMENO DASOS LESVOU
Okskiy Biosphere Reserve
OREINOS EVROS - KOILADA DEREIOU
ORI BARMPAS, KLOKOS, FARANGI SELINOUNTA
ORI VOREIOU VOURINOU KAI MELLIA
OROS KANTILI
OROS OLYMPOS LESVOU
OROS OSSA
OROS OTHRYS, VOUNA GKOURAS KAI FARANGI PALAIOKERASIAS
OROS PARNASSOS
OROS TYMFI (GKAMILA)
OROS YMITTOS
Palava Protected Landscape Area
Pamir alpine desert and tundra
Pannonian mixed forests
PARAPOTAMIO DASOS VOREIOU EVROU KAI ARDA
Parco Del Cilento e Vallo de Diano
Parco Naturale Adamello
Parco Regionale Campo dei Fiori
Parco Regionale Oglio Sud
Parco Regionale Orobie Bergamasche
Paul de Arzila
Paul do Boquilobo
Paul do Boquilobo Biosphere Reserve
Pechoro-Ilychskiy Biosphere Reserve
PERIOCHI LEGRENON - NISIDA PATROKLOU
Persian Gulf desert and semi-desert
Picentini
Pindus Mountains mixed forests
Po Basin mixed forests
Polana Biosphere Reserve
Ponga- Amieva
Ponga-Amieva
Pontic steppe
Prespa National Park
Prioksko-Terrasny Biosphere Reserve
Puszcza Kampinoska
Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests
Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert
Registan-North Pakistan sandy desert
Reguengos
Repetek Biosphere Reserve
Reserva de la Biosfera de Urdaibai
Reserve de la Biosphere d'Iroise
Reserve de la Biosphere des Vosges du Nord
Reserve Nationale de Camargue Biosphere Reserve
Reserve Srebarna
Ría de Ribadesella-Ría de Tinamayor
Ría de Villaviciosa
RIBERAS DE CASTRONUÑO
Risaie della Lomellina
Riserva Regionale Bosco dei Bordighi
Riserva Regionale Bosco Ronchetti
Riserva Regionale Fontanile Nuovo
Riserva Regionale Garzaia di Pomponesco
Riserva Regionale Lanca di Gerole
Riserva Regionale Paluaccio di Oga
Rodope montane mixed forests
Ruegen
S'Albufera de Mallorca
S'Albufera des Grau
Sa Dragonera
San Genesio
São Vicente
Sarmatic mixed forests
Sayan Alpine meadows and tundra
Sayano-Shushenskiy Biosphere Reserve
Scandinavian and Russian taiga
Scandinavian coastal conifer forests
Scandinavian Montane Birch forest and grasslands
Schorfheide-Chorin
Ses Salines d'Eivissa i Formentera
SIERRA DE MORALEJA Y PIEDRA SANTA
SIERRA DE SIRUELA
Sierra Espuña
SIERRA SUBBETICA
SOROS - AGKATHI - KEDROS
South Appenine mixed montane forests
South Iran Nubo-Sindian desert and semi-desert
South Taupo Wetland
Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands
Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests
Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests
Spreewald
Srebarna
St. Kilda National Nature Reserve
STENA NESTOU
Stura di Demonte
Sumava Biosphere Reserve
Syunt-Khasardagh Zapovednik
Taklimakan desert
Tatra Mountains
Taynish National Nature Reserve
Tian Shan foothill arid steppe
Tian Shan montane conifer forests
Tian Shan montane steppe and meadows
Tigris-Euphrates alluvial salt marsh
Tongariro National Park
Torbiere d'Iseo
Torre da Bolsa
Trebon Basin Protected Landscape Area
Triglav National Park
Tsentral'no-Chernozemny Biosphere Reserve
Tsentral'no-Lesnoy Biosphere Reserve
Tyrrhenian-Adriatic sclerophyllous and mixed forests
Val Caffaro
Vale do Guadiana
Vallazza
Valle del Mezzano, Valle Pega
Valli del Mincio
Valli di Argenta
Valli di Comacchio
Valli Mirandolesi
Veiros
Vessertal-Thuringian Forest Biosphere Reserve
Vesuvio e Monte Somma
Viadana, Portiolo, San Benedetto Po e Ostiglia
Vila Fernando
Voronezhskiy Biosphere Reserve
Waddensea of Lower Saxony
Waddensea of Schleswig-Holstein
Western European broadleaf forests
YGROTOPOI NEAS FOKAIAS
YGROTOPOS EKVOLON KALAMA KAI NISOS PRASOUDI
Zagros Mountains forest steppe

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1FLESHY FRUITS OF INDIGENOUS AND ADVENTIVE PLANTS IN THE DIET OF BIRDS IN FOREST REMNANTS, NELSON, NEW ZEALAND, PETER A. WILLIAMS and BRIAN J. KARL, New Zealand Journal of Ecology (1996) 20(2): 127-145
♦ 2THE IMPORTANCE OF BIRDS AS BROWSERS, POLLINATORS AND SEED DISPERSERS IN NEW ZEALAND FORESTS, M.N. Clout and J. R. Hay, NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, VOL 12, (SUPPLEMENT) 1989, pp. 27-33
♦ 3Birds and berries: a study of an ecological interaction. Calton, Great Britain, Snow B.K., Snow D.W., 1988, T & AD Poyser. 268 p.
♦ 4Study of Northern Virginia Ecology
♦ 5Ecology of Commanster