World Species : Protected Area : Vila Fernando

Vila Fernando

Location:	Portugal
Area:	12,998 acres (5,260 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A								B						C

Share	40 %	30 %	10 %	10 %	3 %	3 %	3 %	1 %	40 %	20 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	40 %	20 %	20 %	7 %	7 %	6 %
Soil Type	Haplic Luvisols	Eutric Cambisols	Vertic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Gleyic Luvisols	Eutric Gleysols	Dystric Cambisols	Calcaric Cambisols	Chromic Luvisols	Chromic Cambisols	Calcaric Cambisols	Luvic Kastanozems	Ferric Luvisols	Vertic Luvisols	Ferric Luvisols	Haplic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Vertic Luvisols	Eutric Fluvisols	Ferric Acrisols
Topsoil Texture	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Fine	Fine	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Poor	Poor	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	50 m	15 m	150 m	50 m	50 m	150 m	15 m	150 m	15 m	150 m	150 m	15 m	15 m	150 m	15 m	15 m	50 m	150 m	150 m	50 m
Phase 1	Lithic	Lithic		Lithic			Lithic		Lithic			Lithic	Lithic		Lithic	Lithic	Lithic			Gravelly
Phase 2									Stony			Stony	Gravelly		Gravelly	Gravelly
Root Obstacle	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	20 - 40 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	0 - 40 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Wet within 80 cm over 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 11 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Misc. Property			Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)											Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)				Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	4 %	10 %	5 %	4 %	4 %	4 %	10 %	6 %	4 %	2 %	6 %	8 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	4 %	12 %	5 %	4 %	4 %
Sand	82 %	77 %	42 %	80 %	80 %	37 %	75 %	36 %	27 %	21 %	36 %	36 %	53 %	42 %	53 %	41 %	48 %	42 %	39 %	77 %
Silt	8 %	14 %	31 %	9 %	11 %	40 %	15 %	43 %	27 %	29 %	43 %	42 %	24 %	31 %	24 %	37 %	28 %	31 %	40 %	12 %
Clay	10 %	9 %	27 %	11 %	9 %	23 %	10 %	21 %	46 %	50 %	21 %	22 %	23 %	27 %	23 %	22 %	24 %	27 %	21 %	11 %
USDA Texture	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Clay loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Clay	Clay	Loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Loam	Clay loam	Loam	Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.59 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.57 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.43 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.2 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.56 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.4 %	0.7 %	0.48 %	0.45 %	0.63 %	1.07 %	0.7 %	0.65 %	1.2 %	1.43 %	0.65 %	1.28 %	0.96 %	0.48 %	0.96 %	0.74 %	0.83 %	0.48 %	0.86 %	0.53 %
PH	6.5	6.9	7.2	6.4	6.5	6.2	5.1	8	6.3	6.8	8	7.3	6.3	7.2	6.3	6.5	6.3	7.2	7.2	5.7
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	48 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	66 cmol kg⁻¹	30 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	30 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	18 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	6 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	19 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	89 %	91 %	99 %	79 %	83 %	88 %	28 %	100 %	79 %	94 %	100 %	100 %	90 %	99 %	90 %	91 %	88 %	99 %	91 %	75 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	6.7 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	5.1 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10.2 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	13.4 cmol kg⁻¹	22.9 cmol kg⁻¹	24.3 cmol kg⁻¹	18.4 cmol kg⁻¹	6.9 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	6.9 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	16.9 cmol kg⁻¹	3.3 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0.1 %	0.3 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	7 %	0 %	0.2 %	7 %	4.1 %	0 %	0.3 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.3 %	0.5 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	5 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	6 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	6 %	20 %	7 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	9 %	10 %	6 %	4 %	10 %	5 %	7 %	7 %	7 %	3 %	8 %	7 %	7 %	10 %
Sand	75 %	67 %	34 %	72 %	68 %	36 %	68 %	34 %	21 %	21 %	34 %	30 %	42 %	34 %	42 %	37 %	41 %	34 %	41 %	67 %
Silt	8 %	16 %	28 %	9 %	10 %	36 %	17 %	43 %	25 %	28 %	43 %	42 %	23 %	28 %	23 %	34 %	25 %	28 %	38 %	11 %
Clay	17 %	17 %	38 %	19 %	22 %	28 %	15 %	23 %	54 %	51 %	23 %	28 %	35 %	38 %	35 %	29 %	34 %	38 %	21 %	22 %
USDA Texture	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Clay loam	Sandy loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Clay	Clay	Loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Loam	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.5 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.57 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.52 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.18 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.24 %	0.4 %	0.38 %	0.26 %	0.3 %	0.37 %	0.27 %	0.43 %	0.58 %	0.58 %	0.43 %	0.6 %	0.4 %	0.38 %	0.4 %	0.36 %	0.4 %	0.38 %	0.38 %	0.29 %
PH	6.5	7.3	7.4	6.6	6.4	6.6	5	8.1	6.4	7.2	8.1	7.8	6.3	7.4	6.3	6.7	6.4	7.4	7.5	5.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	53 cmol kg⁻¹	48 cmol kg⁻¹	69 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	73 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	69 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	69 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	10 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	20 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	88 %	91 %	98 %	79 %	80 %	90 %	36 %	100 %	83 %	96 %	100 %	100 %	83 %	98 %	83 %	93 %	90 %	98 %	96 %	46 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	8.1 cmol kg⁻¹	9.3 cmol kg⁻¹	25.8 cmol kg⁻¹	6.3 cmol kg⁻¹	5.9 cmol kg⁻¹	11.9 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	19.5 cmol kg⁻¹	28.7 cmol kg⁻¹	21.1 cmol kg⁻¹	8.8 cmol kg⁻¹	25.8 cmol kg⁻¹	8.8 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	25.8 cmol kg⁻¹	15.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0.1 %	6 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	8.7 %	0 %	0.4 %	8.7 %	9 %	0 %	6 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	6 %	2.5 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0.1 %	0 %	0 %	0.4 %	0 %	0 %	0.4 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	2 %	4 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	5 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	10 %	2 %	4 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	4 %	3 %	4 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.7 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263