World Species : Protected Area : OROS OLYMPOS LESVOU

OROS OLYMPOS LESVOU

Location:	Greece
Area:	36,542 acres (14,788 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csa (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: hot summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A					B

Share	40 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	10 %	40 %	20 %	15 %	15 %	10 %
Soil Type	Eutric Cambisols	Eutric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols	Chromic Luvisols	Haplic Andosols	Vertic Cambisols	Eutric Regosols	Eutric Cambisols	Calcic Luvisols	Lithic Leptosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Fine	Fine	Fine	Medium	Fine
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm
Drainage	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Imperfectly
Available Water Capacity	100 m	150 m	0 mm	50 m	150 m	75 m	15 m	50 m	100 m	15 mm
Phase 1	Stony			Gravelly		Stony	Stony	Lithic	Stony
Phase 2							Lithic
Root Obstacle	40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm		60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	60 - 80 cm	60 - 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Misc. Property						Vertic (cracks of more than 1 cm wide)
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	9 %	25 %	21 %	12 %	4 %	2 %	48 %	10 %	5 %	17 %
Sand	42 %	47 %	42 %	48 %	32 %	20 %	26 %	23 %	53 %	28 %
Silt	36 %	34 %	34 %	28 %	47 %	29 %	30 %	29 %	24 %	25 %
Clay	22 %	19 %	24 %	24 %	21 %	51 %	44 %	48 %	23 %	47 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Clay	Clay	Clay	Sandy clay loam	Clay
Reference Bulk Density	1.4 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.23 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.25 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.37 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	0.76 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1 %	0.98 %	1.61 %	0.83 %	6.74 %	0.96 %	1.89 %	1.17 %	0.51 %	2.3 %
PH	6.6	6.4	7.5	6.3	5.9	7.3	6.1	6.7	7.7	7.5
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	55 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	54 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	55 cmol kg⁻¹	33 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	30 cmol kg⁻¹	36 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	78 %	100 %	88 %	16 %	94 %	62 %	89 %	100 %	100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	6.4 cmol kg⁻¹	27.4 cmol kg⁻¹	12.9 cmol kg⁻¹	22.1 cmol kg⁻¹	17.1 cmol kg⁻¹	37.6 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0.3 %	0 %	0.1 %	7.4 %	1.4 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	1 %	3 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	0 %	1 %	1 %	1 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	12 %	28 %		8 %	9 %	4 %	33 %	24 %	10 %
Sand	41 %	51 %		41 %	34 %	18 %	24 %	26 %	47 %
Silt	34 %	31 %		25 %	44 %	29 %	27 %	29 %	23 %
Clay	25 %	18 %		34 %	22 %	53 %	49 %	45 %	30 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam		Clay loam	Loam	Clay	Clay	Clay	Sandy clay loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.38 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³		1.33 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.24 g/cm³	1.26 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³		1.51 g/cm³	0.79 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.67 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.37 %	0.4 %		0.4 %	1.99 %	0.43 %	0.61 %	0.58 %	0.3 %
PH	7	6.9		6.4	6.1	7.7	6.4	7	7.9
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	55 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹		41 cmol kg⁻¹	79 cmol kg⁻¹	61 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	15 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹		15 cmol kg⁻¹	27 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	25 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	93 %	89 %		90 %	33 %	99 %	55 %	97 %	100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	15.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10.3 cmol kg⁻¹		12 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	34.3 cmol kg⁻¹	11.6 cmol kg⁻¹	25.9 cmol kg⁻¹	23.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0.1 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	4 %	0 %	0.3 %	9.1 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %		0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %		1 %	1 %	2 %	0 %	1 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263