Ponga- Amieva

Location:Spain
Area:69,442 acres (28,102 hectares)
Species:All  Endangered  Invasive
Climate:View Climate Data
Land Use:View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:Cfb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: fully humid; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:View Data Sheet  Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Cantabrian mixed forests

Soils

Protected Area Boundary
 AB
   
Share60 %20 %15 %5 %50 %25 %20 %5 %
Soil TypeUmbric LeptosolsHumic CambisolsLithic LeptosolsDystric CambisolsRendzic LeptosolsHumic CambisolsLithic LeptosolsChromic Luvisols
Topsoil TextureMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMediumMedium
Reference Depth30 cm100 cm10 cm100 cm30 cm100 cm10 cm100 cm
DrainageImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectlyImperfectly
Available Water Capacity15 mm50 m15 mm50 m50 mm50 m15 mm50 m
Phase 1 LithicStonyLithic Lithic Lithic
Root Obstacle 20 - 40 cm 20 - 40 cm 20 - 40 cm 20 - 40 cm
Impermeable Layer None to 150 cm None to 150 cm None to 150 cm None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel6 %8 %21 %10 %16 %8 %21 %12 %
Sand49 %41 %42 %42 %37 %41 %42 %48 %
Silt31 %36 %34 %38 %44 %36 %34 %28 %
Clay20 %23 %24 %20 %19 %23 %24 %24 %
USDA TextureLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoamLoam
Reference Bulk Density1.43 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.41 g/cm³1.39 g/cm³1.38 g/cm³1.4 g/cm³
Bulk Density1.1 g/cm³1.1 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.24 g/cm³1.1 g/cm³1.3 g/cm³1.53 g/cm³
Organic Carbon2.4 %2.72 %1.61 %1.45 %2.13 %2.72 %1.61 %0.83 %
PH5.15.37.55.17.55.37.56.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity34 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹32 cmol kg⁻¹80 cmol kg⁻¹52 cmol kg⁻¹42 cmol kg⁻¹39 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity12 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹27 cmol kg⁻¹21 cmol kg⁻¹16 cmol kg⁻¹12 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation36 %25 %100 %38 %100 %25 %100 %88 %
Total Exchangeable Bases4.7 cmol kg⁻¹5.4 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹4.3 cmol kg⁻¹28.8 cmol kg⁻¹5.4 cmol kg⁻¹15.5 cmol kg⁻¹10 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate0 %0 %3.9 %0 %6 %0 %3.9 %0 %
Calcium Sulphate0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %0 %
Exchangeable Sodium4 %1 %3 %2 %2 %1 %3 %1 %
Electrical Conductivity0.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-10.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel 6 % 19 % 6 % 8 %
Sand 44 % 45 % 44 % 41 %
Silt 32 % 35 % 32 % 25 %
Clay 24 % 20 % 24 % 34 %
USDA Texture Loam Loam Loam Clay loam
Reference Bulk Density 1.39 g/cm³ 1.42 g/cm³ 1.39 g/cm³ 1.33 g/cm³
Bulk Density 1.16 g/cm³ 1.36 g/cm³ 1.16 g/cm³ 1.51 g/cm³
Organic Carbon 1.07 % 0.5 % 1.07 % 0.4 %
PH 5.3 5.2 5.3 6.4
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity 37 cmol kg⁻¹ 35 cmol kg⁻¹ 37 cmol kg⁻¹ 41 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity 14 cmol kg⁻¹ 9 cmol kg⁻¹ 14 cmol kg⁻¹ 15 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation 30 % 33 % 30 % 90 %
Total Exchangeable Bases 2.5 cmol kg⁻¹ 2.6 cmol kg⁻¹ 2.5 cmol kg⁻¹ 12 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 %
Calcium Sulphate 0 % 0 % 0 % 0 %
Exchangeable Sodium 2 % 2 % 2 % 1 %
Electrical Conductivity 0.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-1 0.1 dS m-1
Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263