World Species : Protected Area : Estuários dos Rios Minho e Coura

Estuários dos Rios Minho e Coura

Location:	Portugal
Area:	8,384 acres (3,393 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	Csb (Climate: warm temperate; Precipitation: summer dry; Temperature: warm summer)
Natura 2000 Data Sheet:	View Data Sheet Explanatory notes

Ecoregions

Cantabrian mixed forests

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A				B		C							D

Share	50 %	30 %	10 %	10 %	90 %	10 %	60 %	10 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	2 %	60 %	20 %	5 %	5 %	5 %	5 %
Soil Type	Humic Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Umbric Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Humic Cambisols	Dystric Cambisols	Humic Cambisols	Lithic Leptosols	Umbric Leptosols	Dystric Fluvisols	Dystric Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols	Chromic Luvisols	Humic Cambisols	Haplic Luvisols	Umbric Leptosols	Dystric Fluvisols	Lithic Leptosols	Dystric Regosols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse
Reference Depth	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Well	Well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Poor	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Poor	Imperfectly	Somewhat excessive
Available Water Capacity	15 m	15 m	15 mm	0 mm	15 m	15 m	50 m	0 mm	15 mm	150 m	15 m	15 m	15 m	50 m	50 m	15 mm	150 m	0 mm	100 m
Phase 1	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Gravelly	Lithic	Gravelly	Stony		Lithic	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic	Lithic	Stony		Gravelly
Phase 2	Lithic	Lithic						Stony				Gravelly	Gravelly					Stony
Root Obstacle	40 - 60 cm	20 - 40 cm			None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm			None to 80 cm	60 - 80 cm	40 - 60 cm	40 - 60 cm	None to 80 cm	None to 80 cm		None to 80 cm		None to 80 cm
Impermeable Layer	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm			None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm			None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm	None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm		None to 150 cm
Soil Water Regime	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Wet within 80 cm for 3 to 6 months, but not wet within 40 cm for over 1 month			Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month			Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month	Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month		Not wet within 80 cm for over 3 months, nor wet within 40 cm for over 1 month
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	8 %	10 %	6 %	21 %	5 %	10 %	8 %	21 %	10 %	4 %	10 %	4 %	12 %	8 %	4 %	6 %	4 %	21 %	19 %
Sand	41 %	42 %	49 %	42 %	74 %	75 %	41 %	42 %	79 %	47 %	75 %	41 %	48 %	41 %	41 %	49 %	47 %	42 %	78 %
Silt	36 %	38 %	31 %	34 %	14 %	15 %	36 %	34 %	13 %	33 %	15 %	37 %	28 %	36 %	37 %	31 %	33 %	34 %	13 %
Clay	23 %	20 %	20 %	24 %	12 %	10 %	23 %	24 %	8 %	20 %	10 %	22 %	24 %	23 %	22 %	20 %	20 %	24 %	9 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam	Loamy sand	Loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.55 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.62 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.58 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.1 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.49 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.1 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.27 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	2.72 %	1.45 %	2.4 %	1.61 %	1.58 %	0.7 %	2.72 %	1.61 %	2.59 %	1.05 %	0.7 %	0.74 %	0.83 %	2.72 %	0.74 %	2.4 %	1.05 %	1.61 %	0.7 %
PH	5.3	5.1	5.1	7.5	5.3	5.1	5.3	7.5	4.7	4.8	5.1	6.5	6.3	5.3	6.5	5.1	4.8	7.5	5.6
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	52 cmol kg⁻¹	32 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	78 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	24 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	47 cmol kg⁻¹	34 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	29 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	21 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	13 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	7 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	25 %	38 %	36 %	100 %	42 %	28 %	25 %	100 %	86 %	36 %	28 %	91 %	88 %	25 %	91 %	36 %	36 %	100 %	98 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	4.3 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	6.1 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	5.2 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	1.5 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	5.4 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹	15.5 cmol kg⁻¹	4.1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	3.9 %	0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	2 %	4 %	3 %	3 %	5 %	1 %	3 %	0 %	2 %	5 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	1 %	4 %	2 %	3 %	3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel	6 %	19 %			9 %	9 %	6 %			8 %	9 %	3 %	8 %	6 %	3 %		8 %		14 %
Sand	44 %	45 %			72 %	68 %	44 %			51 %	68 %	37 %	41 %	44 %	37 %		51 %		77 %
Silt	32 %	35 %			12 %	17 %	32 %			29 %	17 %	34 %	25 %	32 %	34 %		29 %		13 %
Clay	24 %	20 %			16 %	15 %	24 %			20 %	15 %	29 %	34 %	24 %	29 %		20 %		10 %
USDA Texture	Loam	Loam			Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam			Loam	Sandy loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Loam	Clay loam		Loam		Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.39 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³			1.5 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³			1.43 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³		1.43 g/cm³		1.58 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.16 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³			1.37 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³			1.39 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.16 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³		1.39 g/cm³		1.5 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	1.07 %	0.5 %			0.76 %	0.27 %	1.07 %			0.41 %	0.27 %	0.36 %	0.4 %	1.07 %	0.36 %		0.41 %		0.31 %
PH	5.3	5.2			6.2	5	5.3			4.9	5	6.7	6.4	5.3	6.7		4.9		5.3
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	37 cmol kg⁻¹	35 cmol kg⁻¹			79 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹			20 cmol kg⁻¹	31 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	37 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹		20 cmol kg⁻¹		36 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	14 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹			12 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹			7 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹		7 cmol kg⁻¹		4 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	30 %	33 %			51 %	36 %	30 %			29 %	36 %	93 %	90 %	30 %	93 %		29 %		28 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	2.6 cmol kg⁻¹			3.9 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹			2 cmol kg⁻¹	1.4 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	13.1 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹		1 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	0 %	0 %			0 %	0 %	0 %			0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %		0 %
Calcium Sulphate	0 %	0 %			0 %	0 %	0 %			0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %	0 %		0 %		0 %
Exchangeable Sodium	2 %	2 %			0 %	5 %	2 %			2 %	5 %	1 %	1 %	2 %	1 %		2 %		3 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1			0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1			0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263