Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Emberizidae > Spizelloides > Spizelloides arborea

Spizelloides arborea (American Tree Sparrow)

Synonyms: Fringilla arborea; Spizella arborea
Language: French

Wikipedia Abstract

The American tree sparrow (Spizelloides arborea), also known as the winter sparrow, is a medium-sized sparrow. It had been classified under the genus Spizella, but multilocus molecular evidence suggested placement in its own genus. Adults have a rusty cap and grey underparts with a small dark spot on the breast. They have a rusty back with lighter stripes, brown wings with white bars and a slim tail. Their face is grey with a rusty line through the eye. Their flanks are splashed with light brown. They are similar in appearance to the chipping sparrow.
View Wikipedia Record: Spizelloides arborea

Infraspecies

Spizelloides arborea arborea
Spizelloides arborea ochracea

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
22
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 7.73446
EDGE Score: 2.16728
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Clutch Size [6]  5
Clutches / Year [4]  1
Fledging [2]  15 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [3]  22,000,000
Incubation [4]  12 days
Mating System [7]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [4]  11 years
Migration [1]  Intracontinental
Water Biome [1]  Lakes and Ponds
Adult Weight [2]  18 grams
Birth Weight [4]  2 grams
Breeding Habitat [3]  Arctic tundra, Boreal forests
Wintering Geography [3]  Northern U.S./Canada
Wintering Habitat [3]  Generalist
Diet [5]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Granivore
Diet - Invertibrates [5]  50 %
Diet - Seeds [5]  50 %
Forages - Mid-High [5]  20 %
Forages - Understory [5]  20 %
Forages - Ground [5]  60 %
Female Maturity [4]  1 year
Male Maturity [4]  1 year

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

+ Click for partial list (100)Full list (153)

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
California Floristic Province Mexico, United States No
Madrean Pine-Oak Woodlands Mexico, United States No

Prey / Diet

Amaranthus retroflexus (rough pigweed)[8]
Andropogon virginicus (broomsedge bluestem)[8]
Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus[9]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Competing SpeciesCommon Prey Count
Perdix perdix (Grey Partridge)1
Pholisora catullus (Common sootywing skipper)1
Spizella pallida (Clay-colored Sparrow)1

Predators

Accipiter striatus (Sharp-shinned Hawk)[9]
Mustela frenata (Long-tailed Weasel)[10]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Ceratophyllus garei[11]
Ceratophyllus niger (Western chicken flea)[11]

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 2Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 3Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 5Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 7Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 8del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 9Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 10Mustela frenata, Steven R. Sheffield and Howard H. Thomas, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 570, pp. 1-9 (1997)
♦ 11International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0