Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Charadriiformes > Scolopacidae > Numenius > Numenius phaeopus

Numenius phaeopus (Whimbrel)

Synonyms: Podiceps gadowi; Scolopax phaeopus (homotypic); Scolopax spec (pro parte)
Language: French; Spanish

Wikipedia Abstract

The whimbrel (Numenius phaeopus) is a wader in the large family Scolopacidae. It is one of the most widespread of the curlews, breeding across much of subarctic North America, Europe and Asia as far south as Scotland. This is a migratory species wintering on coasts in Africa, South America, south Asia into Australasia and southern North America. It is also a coastal bird during migration. It is fairly gregarious outside the breeding season.
View Wikipedia Record: Numenius phaeopus

Infraspecies

Numenius phaeopus alboaxillaris
Numenius phaeopus hudsonicus (Whimbrel)
Numenius phaeopus islandicus
Numenius phaeopus phaeopus (Whimbrel)
Numenius phaeopus rogachevae
Numenius phaeopus rufiventris
Numenius phaeopus variegatus (Whimbrel) (Attributes)

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
6
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
29
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 12.6877
EDGE Score: 2.61649
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  383 grams
Birth Weight [3]  35 grams
Female Weight [6]  404 grams
Male Weight [6]  355 grams
Weight Dimorphism [6]  13.8 %
Breeding Habitat [2]  Arctic tundra, Boreal forests
Wintering Geography [2]  Widespread Coastal
Wintering Habitat [2]  Beaches and estuaries
Diet [4]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore, Granivore, Herbivore
Diet - Fruit [4]  20 %
Diet - Invertibrates [4]  60 %
Diet - Plants [4]  10 %
Diet - Seeds [4]  10 %
Forages - Understory [4]  20 %
Forages - Ground [4]  60 %
Forages - Water Surface [4]  20 %
Clutch Size [7]  4
Clutches / Year [3]  1
Fledging [5]  38 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [2]  1,800,000
Incubation [3]  22 days
Mating System [9]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [3]  16 years
Migration [8]  Intercontinental
Speed [10]  36.462 MPH (16.3 m/s)
Wing Span [10]  3.51 feet (1.07 m)
Female Maturity [3]  2 years
Male Maturity [3]  2 years

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

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Ecosystems

Important Bird Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Prey / Diet

Emerita analoga (Pacific sand crab)[11]
Leptuca crenulata (Mexican fiddler)[12]
Leptuca uruguayensis[13]
Pachygrapsus crassipes (striped shore crab)[12]

Prey / Diet Overlap

Consumers

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Audio

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Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 3de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 5Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 6Skeel, MA 1982. Sex determination of adult Whimbrels. J. Field Ornithol. 53:414-416
♦ 7Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 8Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 9Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 10Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197
♦ 11Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 12Lafferty, K. D., R. F. Hechinger, J. C. Shaw, K. L. Whitney and A. M. Kuris (in press) Food webs and parasites in a salt marsh ecosystem. In Disease ecology: community structure and pathogen dynamics (eds S. Collinge and C. Ray). Oxford University Press, Oxford.
♦ 13"Predation on the southwestern Atlantic fiddler crab (Uca uruguayensis) by migratory shorebirds (Pluvialis dominica, P. squatarola, Arenaria interpres, and Numenius phaeopus)", Oscar O. Iribarne, Mariano M. Martinez, Estuaries March 1999, Volume 22, Issue 1, pp 47-54
♦ 14Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Audio software provided by SoundManager 2
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0