Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Parulidae > Mniotilta > Mniotilta varia

Mniotilta varia (Black-and-white Warbler)

Synonyms: Motacilla varia (homotypic)
Language: French; Spanish

Wikipedia Abstract

The black-and-white warbler (Mniotilta varia) is a species of New World warbler, the only member of its genus, Mniotilta. The genus name is from Ancient Greek mnion, "seaweed", and tillo, "to pluck"; Vieillot mistranslated the first word as "moss". The specific varia is from Latin varius, "variegated". It breeds in northern and eastern North America from the Northwest Territory and Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada to Florida. This species is migratory, wintering in Florida, Central America and the West Indies down to Peru. This species is a very rare vagrant to western Europe.
View Wikipedia Record: Mniotilta varia

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
21
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 7.36348
EDGE Score: 2.12387
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  11 grams
Birth Weight [3]  1.6 grams
Breeding Habitat [2]  Temperate eastern forests, Boreal forests
Wintering Geography [2]  Widespread Neotropical
Wintering Habitat [2]  Tropical evergreen forests, Mangroves
Diet [4]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore
Diet - Fruit [4]  20 %
Diet - Invertibrates [4]  80 %
Forages - Canopy [4]  20 %
Forages - Mid-High [4]  60 %
Forages - Understory [4]  20 %
Clutch Size [6]  5
Clutches / Year [5]  1
Fledging [1]  11 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [2]  18,000,000
Incubation [5]  11 days
Mating System [3]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [5]  11 years
Migration [7]  Intercontinental
Female Maturity [5]  1 year
Male Maturity [5]  1 year

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

+ Click for partial list (100)Full list (220)

Biodiversity Hotspots

Habitat Vegetation Classification

Name Location  Website 
Interior Low Plateau Mesic Bottomland Forest United States (Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio)
Maple - Ash - Elm Swamp Canada (Ontario); United States (Ohio, Pennsylvania, New York, Indiana, Wisconsin, Michigan)
Midwestern Cottonwood - Black Willow - Silver Maple Floodplain Forest United States (Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, Nebraska, Kansas, Michigan, Oklahoma, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Indiana)
Mississippi River Red Maple - Water-locust Bottomland Forest United States (Illinois, Kentucky, Missouri, Arkansas)
Northern Hardwood Forest Canada (New Brunswick); United States (Vermont, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Maine)
Overcup Oak - Sweetgum Bottomland Forest United States (Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Illinois, Arkansas, Louisiana)
Pin Oak - Post Oak Lowland Flatwoods United States (Missouri, Illinois, Indiana, Arkansas)
Silver Maple - Sugarberry - Pecan Floodplain Forest United States (Tennessee, Illinois, Mississippi, Arkansas, Kentucky, Indiana)
Southern Green Ash - Elm - Sugarberry Floodplain Forest United States (Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Kentucky, Missouri, Alabama)
Swamp Chestnut Oak - Sweetgum Floodplain Forest United States (Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, Alabama, Indiana, Missouri, Illinois)
Transitional Northern Hardwood Forest United States (Pennsylvania, New York, Massachusetts, New Jersey); Canada (Ontario)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Dry Loblolly Pine - Hardwood Forest United States (Louisiana, Texas, Arkansas)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Mesic Loblolly Pine - Mixed Hardwood Forest United States (Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Ruderal Longleaf Pine Flatwoods, Fire-Suppressed Phase United States (Louisiana)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Subcalcareous Pine - Hardwood Slope & Stream Bottom Forest United States (Louisiana, Texas, Oklahoma)
West Gulf Coastal Plain Wet Longleaf Pine Savanna (High Terraces Type) United States (Louisiana, Texas)
Willow Oak Bottomland Flatwoods Forest United States (Tennessee, Kentucky, Mississippi, Arkansas)

Predators

Accipiter striatus (Sharp-shinned Hawk)[8]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Tridentocapillaria tridens <Unverified Name>[9]

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 3Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 5de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 7Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 8Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 9Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0