Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Sylviidae > Sylvia > Sylvia melanocephalaSylvia melanocephala (Sardinian Warbler)Synonyms: Montacilla melanocephala; Motacilla melanocephala (homotypic) The Sardinian warbler (Sylvia melanocephala) is a common and widespread typical warbler from the Mediterranean region. Like most Sylvia species, it has distinct male and female plumages. The adult male has a grey back, whitish underparts, black head, white throat and red eyes. Plumages are somewhat variable even in the same locality, with the intensity of a reddish hue on upper- and/or underside varies from absent to (in some subspecies) pronounced. The female is mainly brown above and buff below, with a grey head. The Sardinian warbler's song is fast and rattling, and is very characteristic of the Mediterranean areas where this bird breeds. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 4.68081 EDGE Score: 1.73709 |
| Adult Weight [1] | 12 grams | | Birth Weight [2] | 1.7 grams |  | | Diet [3] | Carnivore (Invertebrates), Frugivore, Nectarivore | | Diet - Fruit [3] | 40 % | | Diet - Invertibrates [3] | 50 % | | Diet - Nectar [3] | 10 % | | Forages - Mid-High [3] | 20 % | | Forages - Understory [3] | 60 % | | Forages - Ground [3] | 20 % | | | Clutch Size [6] | 5 | | Fledging [1] | 13 days | | Incubation [5] | 13 days | | Mating Display [2] | Ground and non-acrobatic aerial display | | Maximum Longevity [4] | 8 years | | | Female Maturity [4] | 1 year | | Male Maturity [4] | 1 year |
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| Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land
Use |
|
Aegean and Western Turkey sclerophyllous and mixed forests |
Greece, Turkey, Macedonia |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
 |
 |
 |
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|
Alps conifer and mixed forests |
Italy, France, Switzerland, Slovenia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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|
 |
|
Anatolian conifer and deciduous mixed forests |
Turkey |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
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|
Appenine deciduous montane forests |
Italy |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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|
Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands |
Saudi Arabia, Oman, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Egypt , Iraq, Jordan, Syria |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Atlantic coastal desert |
Mauritania, Western Sahara |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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|
Balkan mixed forests |
Turkey, Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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|
Canary Islands dry woodlands and forests |
Spain |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
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|
Cantabrian mixed forests |
Spain, Portugal |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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|
Central Anatolian deciduous forests |
Turkey |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
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|
Corsican montane broadleaf and mixed forests |
France |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Crete Mediterranean forests |
Greece |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Cyprus Mediterranean forests |
Cyprus |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Dinaric Mountains mixed forests |
Albania, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Slovenia, Yugoslavia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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|
Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests |
Turkey, Jordan, Israel, Syria |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Euxine-Colchic broadleaf forests |
Turkey |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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|
Iberian conifer forests |
Spain |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Iberian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests |
Spain, Portugal |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Illyrian deciduous forests |
Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Montenegro, Albania, Greece |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Italian sclerophyllous and semi-deciduous forests |
Italy, France |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Mediterranean acacia-argania dry woodlands and succulent thickets |
Morocco, Spain |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
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|
Mediterranean conifer and mixed forests |
Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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|
Mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe |
Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
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|
Mediterranean High Atlas juniper steppe |
Morocco |
Palearctic |
Montane Grasslands and Shrublands |
|
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|
Mediterranean woodlands and forests |
Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
|
|
|
|
Mesopotamian shrub desert |
Iraq, Syria, Jordan |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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|
Middle East steppe |
Syria, Iraq |
Palearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
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|
North Saharan steppe and woodlands |
Egypt, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Western Sahara, Mauritania |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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|
|
|
|
Northeastern Spain and Southern France Mediterranean forests |
France, Spain |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
Northern Anatolian conifer and deciduous forests |
Turkey |
Palearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
|
Northwest Iberian montane forests |
Portugal, Spain |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
|
|
|
|
Pindus Mountains mixed forests |
Albania, Greece |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
|
|
|
|
Po Basin mixed forests |
Italy |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
|
Pyrenees conifer and mixed forests |
Spain, France, Andorra |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
|
Red Sea Nubo-Sindian tropical desert and semi-desert |
Egypt, Jordan, Saudia Arabia, Yemen, Oman |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
|
Rodope montane mixed forests |
Bulgaria, Greece, Macedonia |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
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|
|
Sahara desert |
Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Algeria, Mauritania, Mali, Chad, Niger |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Saharan halophytics |
Egypt, Tunisia, Algeria, Mauritania, Western Sahara |
Palearctic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
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|
Sahelian Acacia savanna |
Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia |
Afrotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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South Appenine mixed montane forests |
Italy |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
South Saharan steppe and woodlands |
Mauritania, Mali, Algeria, Niger, Chad, Sudan |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Southeastern Iberian shrubs and woodlands |
Spain |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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Southern Anatolian montane conifer and deciduous forests |
Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Israel |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
|
Southwest Iberian Mediterranean sclerophyllous and mixed forests |
Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Morocco |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
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|
|
|
Tyrrhenian-Adriatic sclerophyllous and mixed forests |
France, Italy |
Palearctic |
Mediterranean Forests, Woodlands, and Scrub |
|
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|
|
|
West Saharan montane xeric woodlands |
Algeria, Niger, Mali, Mauritania |
Palearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
|
Western European broadleaf forests |
Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany |
Palearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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|
| Name |
Location |
IBA Criteria |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
|
Acheron delta and gorge |
Greece |
A3, A4i, B1i, C2, C6 |
 |
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|
|
Aguelmane de Sidi Ali Ta'nzoult |
Morocco |
A4i |
|
|
|
|
Akarnanika mountains |
Greece |
A3, B2, B3, C6 |
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Anapo gorges |
Italy |
A3, B2, B3, C6 |
|
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|
Archipelago of Cabrera |
Spain |
A1, A3, A4i, A4ii, B1i, B1ii, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C6 |
|
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Arda Bridge |
Bulgaria |
A1, A3, B2, C1, C6 |
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|
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Argentario, Orbetello Lagoon and Burano Lake |
Italy |
A1, A3, A4i, A4iii, B1i, B2, C1, C2, C4, C6 |
|
|
|
|
Barrage Mohamed V |
Morocco |
A1, A4i |
|
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Boughrara |
Tunisia |
A4i, A4iii |
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Bouhedma |
Tunisia |
A3 |
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|
Byala Reka |
Bulgaria |
A1, A3, B2, C1, C6 |
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Canton Forestier de Sidi Bou Ghaba |
Morocco |
A1, A3, A4i |
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Chaâmbi |
Tunisia |
A3 |
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Chott Djerid |
Tunisia |
A3, A4i, A4iii |
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|
Dadias-Dereiou-Aisimis forest |
Greece |
A1, A3, B2, C1, C6 |
|
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|
Dana: Feinan |
Jordan |
A1, A2, A3, B1iv, B2, B3 |
|
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Dibbin |
Jordan |
A3 |
|
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|
Djebel el Haouaria |
Tunisia |
A3, A4iv |
|
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|
Dwiyate |
Morocco |
A1, A4i |
|
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|
|
El Feidja |
Tunisia |
A3 |
|
|
|
|
El Houareb reservoir |
Tunisia |
A1, A4i |
|
|
|
|
Embouchure Oued Moulouya |
Morocco |
A1, A4i |
|
|
|
|
Gafsa |
Tunisia |
A3 |
|
|
|
|
Galite archipelago |
Tunisia |
A1, A3, A4ii |
|
|
|
|
Ghat oases |
Libya |
A3 |
|
|
|
|
Ichkeul |
Tunisia |
A1, A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
|
Jabal al Akhdar |
Libya |
A1, A3 |
|
|
|
|
Jbel Moussa |
Morocco |
A4iv |
|
|
|
|
Jbel Zerhoun |
Morocco |
A1 |
|
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Jbil |
Tunisia |
A3 |
|
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|
Kairouan plains |
Tunisia |
A3 |
|
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Karabolli |
Libya |
A3 |
|
|
|
|
Karaburun and Ildir Strait islands |
Turkey |
A1, A3, A4ii, B1i, B1ii, B2 |
|
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|
Kerkennah islands |
Tunisia |
A3, A4i |
|
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|
|
Kneiss |
Tunisia |
A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
|
|
|
Kresna Gorge |
Bulgaria |
A3, B2, B3, C6 |
|
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|
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Krumovitza |
Bulgaria |
A3, B2, C6 |
|
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|
Lake Distos |
Greece |
A3, B2, C2, C6 |
|
|
|
|
Madzharovo |
Bulgaria |
A3, B2, C6 |
|
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Malcata mountains |
Portugal |
A3, C6 |
|
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Mavrovouni mountain, Larissa |
Greece |
A1, A3, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6 |
|
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Melnik Pyramids |
Bulgaria |
A3, B2, C6 |
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Mesta Valley |
Bulgaria |
A3, B2, C6 |
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Metbassta |
Tunisia |
A1, A4i |
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Monfragüe |
Spain |
A1, A3, A4ii, B1i, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C6 |
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Mount Cofano, Cape San Vito and Mount Sparagio |
Italy |
A3, B2, C6 |
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Mount Hermon |
Syria |
A1, A2, A3, B3 |
|
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Mount Olympos, Lesvos |
Greece |
A3, B3, C2, C6 |
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Mount Taigetos |
Greece |
A1, A3, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6 |
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Mount Ymittos |
Greece |
A3, B3, C6 |
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Msseyed |
Morocco |
A1, A3, A4i |
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Murge |
Italy |
A1, A3, A4ii, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C6 |
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Nefhusa |
Libya |
A3 |
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Neretve delta |
Croatia |
A3, B1i |
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|
Orosei Gulf, Supramonte and Gennargentu |
Italy |
A1, A3, A4ii, B1i, B1iii, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6 |
|
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Oued Matil: Ksob |
Morocco |
A1, A4i |
|
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Parc National de Souss-Massa and Aglou |
Morocco |
A1, A3, A4i |
|
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Parc National de Tazekka |
Morocco |
A3 |
|
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Parc National de Toubkal |
Morocco |
A3 |
|
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|
Parc National du Belezma |
Algeria |
A1, A3 |
|
|
|
|
Parc Naturel d'Ifrane |
Morocco |
A1, A3, A4i |
|
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Parc Naturel de Talassemtane |
Morocco |
A3 |
|
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|
|
Protected area of Dadia-Lefkimi-Soufli forest |
Greece |
A1, A3, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C6 |
|
|
|
|
Region Fouchal: Matarka |
Morocco |
A3 |
|
|
|
|
San Pietro and Sant'Antioco islands |
Italy |
A1, A3, A4ii, B1ii, B1iii, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6 |
|
|
|
|
Sebkhet Dreïaa |
Tunisia |
A4i |
|
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Sebkhet en Noual |
Tunisia |
A3, A4i |
|
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Sebkhet Kelbia |
Tunisia |
A1, A3, A4i, A4iii |
|
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Sebkhet Sidi el Hani |
Tunisia |
A4i |
|
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Sebkhet Sidi Mansour |
Tunisia |
A1, A3, A4i |
|
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Sidi Toui |
Tunisia |
A3 |
|
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Sierra Morena de Córdoba |
Spain |
A1, A3, A4ii, B1i, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C6 |
|
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|
South forest complex of Evros prefecture |
Greece |
A1, A3, B1iii, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6 |
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|
South-west peninsula-petrified forest, Lesvos |
Greece |
A1, A3, B2, B3, C1, C2, C6 |
|
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|
Southern Mani, Mount Sanghias and Cape Tenaro |
Greece |
A3, B2, B3 |
|
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|
Studen Kladenets |
Bulgaria |
A3, B2, C6 |
|
|
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|
Tamri and Imsouane |
Morocco |
A1, A3, A4i |
|
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Tarhazoute |
Morocco |
A1, A4i |
|
|
|
|
Toledo mountains-Cabañeros |
Spain |
A1, A3, A4ii, B1i, B1iii, B2, C1, C2, C6 |
|
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|
|
Tuscan Archipelago |
Italy |
A1, A3, A4i, A4ii, A4iii, B1i, B1ii, B2, B3, C1, C2, C3, C6 |
|
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|
West and north Zakynthos |
Greece |
A3, B1i, C2 |
|
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Zallaf |
Libya |
A3 |
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|
| Name |
Location |
Endemic |
Species |
Website |
|
Caucasus |
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Russia, Turkey |
No |
|
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Irano-Anatolian |
Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Turkmenistan |
No |
|
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Mediterranean Basin |
Algeria, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Portugal, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkey |
No |
|
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Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n ♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 5del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. ♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 7A STUDY OF AVIAN FRUGIVORES, BIRD-DISPERSED PLANTS, AND THElR INTERACTION IN MEDITERRANEAN SCRUBLANDS, CARLOS M. HERRERA, Ecological Monographs, 54(1), 1984, pp. 1-23 ♦ 8Frugivory, external morphology and digestive system in Mediterranean sylviid warblers Sylvia spp., Pedro Jordano, IBIS 129: 175-189 (1987) ♦ 9Recruitment of a Mast-Fruiting, Bird-Dispersed Tree: Bridging Frugivore Activity and Seedling Establishment, Carlos M. Herrera, Pedro Jordano, Luis López-Soria, Juan A. Amat, Ecological Monographs, 64(3), 1994, pp. 315-344 ♦ 10Frugivory and factors influencing visitation by birds at "Balo" (Plocama pendula Ait., Rubiaceae) plants in the Canary Islands, Manuel Nogales, Alfredo Valido, Félix M. Medina, Juan D. Delgado, Ecoscience 6: 531-538 (1999) ♦ 11Exclusive frugivory and seed dispersal of Rhamnus alaternus in the bird breeding season, Josep M. Bas, Pere Pons and Crisanto Gómez, Plant Ecology (2005) Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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