Plantae > Tracheophyta > Liliopsida > Poales > Poaceae > Phalaris > Phalaris arundinacea

Phalaris arundinacea (reed canarygrass; reed canary grass; Gardenr's-garters; Ribbon grass; Variegated grass)

Synonyms:

Wikipedia Abstract

Phalaris arundinacea, sometimes known as reed canary grass, is a tall, perennial bunchgrass that commonly forms extensive single-species stands along the margins of lakes and streams and in wet open areas, with a wide distribution in Europe, Asia, northern Africa and North America. Other common names for the plant include gardener's-garters in English, alpiste roseau in French, rohrglanzgras in German, kusa-yoshi in Japanese, caniço-malhado in Portuguese, and hierba cinta and pasto cinto in Spanish.
View Wikipedia Record: Phalaris arundinacea

Infraspecies

Phalaris arundinacea arundinacea
Phalaris arundinacea f. picta
Phalaris arundinacea picta
Phalaris arundinacea var. arundinacea
Phalaris arundinacea var. picta

Invasive Species

View ISSG Record: Phalaris arundinacea

Attributes

Allergen Potential [1]  High
Screening - Summer [2]  Dense
Screening - Winter [2]  Moderate
Bloom Period [2]  Late Spring
Drought Tolerance [2]  Low
Fire Tolerance [2]  High
Flower Type [3]  Hermaphrodite
Frost Free Days [2]  4 months
Fruit/Seed Abundance [2]  Medium
Fruit/Seed Begin [2]  Spring
Fruit/Seed End [2]  Summer
Growth Form [2]  Rhizomatous
Growth Period [2]  Spring, Summer, Fall
Growth Rate [2]  Rapid
Hazards [2]  Slight Toxicity
Leaf Type [2]  Deciduous
Lifespan [3]  Perennial
Pollinators [3]  Wind
Propagation [2]  Seed, Sprig
Regrowth Rate [2]  Moderate
Root Depth [2]  14 inches (36 cm)
Seed Spread Rate [2]  Slow
Seed Vigor [2]  Low
Seeds Per [2]  537919 / lb (1185909 / kg)
Shape/Orientation [2]  Erect
Structure [5]  Grass
Usage [3]  Plants have a running root system and form an impenetrable ground cover. They should be mown 2 - 3 times in their first 2 - 3 years in order to encourage thick growth; Plants are best spaced about 60cm apart each way; The leaves have been woven into hats and mats; his is one of the main species used in the reed bed system for the water purification treatment of grey water and for irrigation with pollution control sewage effluent from municipal and industrial sources; One of the highest yielding fodder grasses with annual yields ranging from 8 - 20 tonnes per hectare, it has potential as a source of biomass;
Vegetative Spread Rate [2]  Rapid
Flower Color [2]  Yellow
Foliage Color [2]  Green
Fruit Color [2]  Black
Height [3]  4.92 feet (1.5 m)
Width [3]  9.84 feet (3 m)
Hardiness Zone Minimum [2]  USDA Zone: 3 Low Temperature: -40 F° (-40 C°) → -30 F° (-34.4 C°)
Light Preference [4]  Mostly Sunny
Soil Acidity [4]  Neutral
Soil Fertility [4]  Rich
Soil Moisture [4]  Damp
Water Use [2]  High
View Plants For A Future Record : Phalaris arundinacea

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

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Ecosystems

Habitat Vegetation Classification

Name Location  Website 
Appalachian-Northeast Wet Meadow & Shrub Swamp Canada (Ontario, Quebec); United States (Rhode Island, Delaware, Vermont, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Georgia, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Virginia, District of Columbia, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maine, New York)
Laurentian-Acadian Wet Meadow & Shrub Swamp United States (New Jersey, North Dakota, Rhode Island, West Virginia, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Ohio, Vermont, Indiana, Illinois, South Dakota, Maryland, New York, Connecticut, Minnesota, Michigan); Canada (Manitoba, Quebec, Ontario)

Predators

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Blumeria graminis[8]
Puccinia coronata[8]
Puccinia sessilis (Arum Rust)[8]

External References

USDA Plant Profile

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Derived from Allergy-Free Gardening OPALS™, Thomas Leo Ogren (2000)
♦ 2USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture
♦ 3Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
♦ 4ECOFACT 2a Technical Annex - Ellenberg’s indicator values for British Plants, M O Hill, J O Mountford, D B Roy & R G H Bunce (1999)
♦ 5Kattge, J. et al. (2011b) TRY - a global database of plant traits Global Change Biology 17:2905-2935
♦ 6Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants
♦ 7del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 8Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 9Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009
♦ 10Ecology of Commanster
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0