Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Strigiformes > Strigidae > Surnia > Surnia ulula

Surnia ulula (Northern Hawk-Owl; Northern Hawk Owl)

Synonyms: Strix ulula (homotypic); Surnia funerea
Language: French

Infraspecies

Surnia ulula caparoch (American northern hawk owl)
Surnia ulula tianschanica (Tien Shan northern hawk owl)
Surnia ulula ulula (Northern hawk owl)

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
12
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
38
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 24.7224
EDGE Score: 3.24736
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  308 grams
Birth Weight [3]  18 grams
Female Weight [6]  340 grams
Male Weight [6]  301 grams
Weight Dimorphism [6]  13 %
Breeding Habitat [2]  Boreal forests
Wintering Geography [2]  Non-migrartory
Wintering Habitat [2]  Boreal forests
Diet [4]  Carnivore (Vertebrates)
Diet - Endothermic [4]  90 %
Diet - Vertibrates [4]  10 %
Forages - Understory [4]  20 %
Forages - Ground [4]  80 %
Clutch Size [7]  8
Clutches / Year [3]  1
Fledging [5]  30 days
Global Population (2017 est.) [2]  200,000
Incubation [3]  27 days
Mating Display [8]  Ground display
Mating System [8]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [3]  10 years
Nocturnal [9]  Yes
Raptor Research Conservation Priority [10]  95
Snout to Vent Length [5]  15 inches (39 cm)
Wing Span [11]  30 inches (.76 m)
Female Maturity [5]  0 years 12 months

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

+ Click for partial list (100)Full list (194)

Important Bird Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
Mountains of Central Asia Afghanistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan No

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Accipiter gentilis (Northern Goshawk)[15]
Bubo virginianus (Great Horned Owl)[15]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Baruscapillaria falconis[16]
Ceratophyllus gallinae (European chicken flea)[17]
Monopsyllus sciurorum[17]

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
♦ 3de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 5Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 6Duncan, JR and PA Duncan. 1998. Northern Hawk Owl (Surnia ulula). In A. Poole and F. Gill [eds.], The birds of North America, No. 356. The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA
♦ 7Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303
♦ 8Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 9Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 10Buechley ER, Santangeli A, Girardello M, et al. Global raptor research and conservation priorities: Tropical raptors fall prey to knowledge gaps. Divers Distrib. 2019;25:856–869. https://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.12901
♦ 11Alaska Wildlife Notebook Series, Alaska Department of Fish and Game
♦ 12Martes zibellina (Carnivora: Mustelidae), VLADIMIR G. MONAKHOV, MAMMALIAN SPECIES 43(876):75–86 (2011)
♦ 13Avian and mammalian predators of shrews in Europe: regional differences, between-year and seasonal variation, and mortality due to predation, Erkki Korpimäki & Kai Norrdahl, Ann. Zool. Fennici 26:389-400. 1989
♦ 14Phenacomys ungava (Rodentia: Cricetidae), JANET K. BRAUN, SARA B. GONZALEZ-PEREZ, GARRETT M. STREET, JENNIE M. MOOK, AND NICHOLAS J. CZAPLEWSKI, MAMMALIAN SPECIES 45(899):18–29 (2013)
♦ 15Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 16Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 17International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0