Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Ericales > Ericaceae > Empetrum > Empetrum nigrum

Empetrum nigrum (black crowberry)

Synonyms:

Wikipedia Abstract

Empetrum nigrum, crowberry, black crowberry, or, in western Alaska, blackberry, is a flowering plant species in the heather family Ericaceae with a near circumboreal distribution in the northern hemisphere. It is also native in the Falkland Islands. It is usually dioecious, but there is a bisexual tetraploid subspecies, Empetrum nigrum ssp. hermaphroditum, that occurs in more northerly locations and at higher altitude. The metabolism and photosynthetic parameters of Empetrum can be altered in winter-warming experiments.
View Wikipedia Record: Empetrum nigrum

Infraspecies

Empetrum nigrum albidum
Empetrum nigrum androgynum
Empetrum nigrum asiaticum
Empetrum nigrum caucasicum
Empetrum nigrum f. purpureum
Empetrum nigrum kardakovii
Empetrum nigrum nigrum (Black crowberry)
Empetrum nigrum sibiricum
Empetrum nigrum subholarcticum
Empetrum nigrum var. album

Attributes

Allergen Potential [1]  Low
Screening - Summer [2]  Dense
Screening - Winter [2]  Moderate
Bloom Period [2]  Mid Summer
Drought Tolerance [2]  Medium
Edible [3]  May be edible. See the Plants For A Future link below for details.
Fire Tolerance [2]  High
Flower Type [3]  Dioecious
Frost Free Days [2]  90 days
Fruit/Seed Abundance [2]  Medium
Fruit/Seed Begin [2]  Summer
Fruit/Seed End [2]  Summer
Growth Form [2]  Stoloniferous
Growth Period [2]  Summer, Fall
Growth Rate [2]  Slow
Leaf Type [3]  Evergreen
Lifespan [4]  Perennial
Pollinators [3]  Bees, Flies, Lepidoptera
Propagation [2]  Bare Root, Container, Cutting, Seed, Sprig
Root Depth [2]  16 inches (41 cm)
Seed Spread Rate [2]  Slow
Seed Vigor [2]  Low
Shape/Orientation [2]  Prostrate
Structure [3]  Shrub
Usage [3]  A purple dye is obtained from the fruit; Can be used for groundcover in exposed locations; Plants should be spaced about 25cm apart each way;
Vegetative Spread Rate [2]  Slow
Flower Color [2]  Purple
Foliage Color [2]  Green
Fruit Color [2]  Black
Flower Conspicuous [2]  Yes
Fruit Conspicuous [2]  Yes
Height [3]  12 inches (0.3 m)
Width [3]  20 inches (0.5 m)
Hardiness Zone Minimum [2]  USDA Zone: 2 Low Temperature: -50 F° (-45.6 C°) → -40 F° (-40 C°)
Light Preference [5]  Mostly Sunny
Soil Acidity [5]  Very Acid
Soil Fertility [5]  Infertile
Soil Moisture [5]  Moist
Water Use [2]  Low
View Plants For A Future Record : Empetrum nigrum

Protected Areas

Ecosystems

Predators

Providers

Pollinated by 
Bombus polaris (Bumblebee)[8]

Consumers

Mutual (symbiont) 
Oidiodendron majus[9]
Parasitized by 
Chrysomyxa empetri[9]
Duplicaria empetri[9]

External References

USDA Plant Profile

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Derived from Allergy-Free Gardening OPALS™, Thomas Leo Ogren (2000)
♦ 2USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture
♦ 3Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
♦ 4PLANTATT - Attributes of British and Irish Plants: Status, Size, Life History, Geography and Habitats, M. O. Hill, C. D. Preston & D. B. Roy, Biological Records Centre, NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (2004)
♦ 5ECOFACT 2a Technical Annex - Ellenberg’s indicator values for British Plants, M O Hill, J O Mountford, D B Roy & R G H Bunce (1999)
♦ 6Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants
♦ 7HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni AND Luis M. Hernández
♦ 8Making The Forest And Tundra Wildlife Connection
♦ 9Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 10del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
♦ 11Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009
♦ 12Lepus othus, Troy L. Best and Travis Hill Henry, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 458, pp. 1-5 (1994)
♦ 13Starling-Westerberg, A. N. N. E. (2001). The habitat use and diet of black grouse Tetrao tetrix in the Pennine hills of northern England. Bird Study, 48(1), 76-89.
♦ 14Exploring the Denali Food Web, ParkWise, National Park Service
♦ 15Analysing diet of small herbivores: the efficiency of DNA barcoding coupled with high-throughput pyrosequencing for deciphering the composition of complex plant mixtures, Eeva M Soininen, Alice Valentini, Eric Coissac, Christian Miquel, Ludovic Gielly, Christian Brochmann, Anne K Brysting, Jørn H Sønstebø, Rolf A Ims, Nigel G Yoccoz and Pierre Taberlet, Frontiers in Zoology 2009, 6:16
♦ 16Ochotona collaris, Stephen O. MacDonald and Clyde Jones, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 281, pp. 1-4 (1987)
♦ 17Ovibos moschatus, Peter C. Lent, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 302, pp. 1-9 (1988)
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0