Plantae > Tracheophyta > Liliopsida > Poales > Poaceae > Diarrhena > Diarrhena americanaDiarrhena americana (varioushair fescue)Synonyms: Diarina festucoides; Diarina sylvatica; Diarrhena americana var. americana; Diarrhena arundinacea; Diarrhena diandra; Diarrhena festucoides (heterotypic); Festuca americana (heterotypic); Festuca diandra (heterotypic); Korycarpus arundinaceus; Korycarpus diandrus; Roemeria zeae Diarrhena americana, also known as American beak grass or American beakgrain, is a native, perennial grass of North America, where it grows in rich, moist woodlands from Missouri to Maryland and south to Oklahoma and Alabama. It is considered to be threatened in Michigan, and is listed as endangered in Maryland and Wisconsin. Culms range from 60–131 cm in height. Historically, Diarrhena americana was the only species of beak grass recognized in the United States; however studies have suggested that the known beak grass is to be classified into two distinct species, Diarrhena americana and Diarrhena obovata. |
Allergen Potential [1] | Medium-Low | Screening - Summer [2] | Porous | Screening - Winter [2] | Porous | | Bloom Period [2] | Late Spring | Drought Tolerance [2] | High | Fire Tolerance [2] | High | Frost Free Days [2] | 3 months 10 days | Fruit/Seed Abundance [2] | Medium | Fruit/Seed Begin [2] | Summer | Fruit/Seed End [2] | Summer | Growth Form [2] | Bunch | Growth Period [2] | Spring, Fall | Growth Rate [2] | Moderate | Leaf Type [3] | Evergreen | Lifespan [4] | Perennial | Propagation [2] | Seed | Regrowth Rate [2] | Moderate | Root Depth [2] | 12 inches (30 cm) | Seed Spread Rate [2] | Slow | Seed Vigor [2] | Low | Seeds Per [2] | 614999 / lb (1355841 / kg) | Shape/Orientation [2] | Erect | Structure [3] | Grass | Vegetative Spread Rate [2] | None | | Flower Color [2] | Yellow | Foliage Color [2] | Green | Fruit Color [2] | Brown | | Height [4] | 31 inches (.8 m) | | Hardiness Zone Minimum [2] | USDA Zone: 2 Low Temperature: -50 F° (-45.6 C°) → -40 F° (-40 C°) | Light Preference [5] | Mostly Sunny | Soil Acidity [5] | Moderate Acid | Soil Fertility [5] | Intermediate | Soil Moisture [5] | Moist | Water Use [2] | Low |
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Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Acadia National Park |
II |
35996 |
Maine, United States |
|
|
|
|
Algonquin Provincial Park |
IV |
1868802 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Allegheny Portage Railroad Nat'l Hist. Site National Historic Site |
III |
1152 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Assateague Island National Seashore |
II |
8621 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
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Badlands National Park |
II |
178535 |
South Dakota, United States |
|
|
|
|
Baikalskiy Biosphere Reserve Zapovednik |
Ia |
458883 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Banff National Park |
II |
1690912 |
Alberta, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Bassegi Zapovednik |
Ia |
93739 |
Perm, Russia |
|
|
|
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Belovezhskaya Pushcha Biosphere Reserve National Park |
II |
218515 |
Belarus |
|
|
|
|
Bialowieza National Park |
II |
11126 |
Poland |
|
|
|
|
Bolshekhekhtsirsky Zapovednik |
Ia |
112282 |
Khabarovsk, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Bruce Peninsula National Park |
II |
|
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Cape Breton Highlands National Park |
II |
234333 |
Nova Scotia, Canada |
|
|
|
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Carpathian Biosphere Reserve |
|
144772 |
Ukraine |
|
|
|
|
Chiricahua National Monument |
V |
1421 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
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Colonial National Historic Park National Historical Park |
V |
9316 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
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Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
|
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North Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
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Devils Tower National Monument |
V |
1361 |
Wyoming, United States |
|
|
|
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Ebey's Landing National Historical Reserve |
V |
|
Washington, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fire Island National Seashore |
V |
9433 |
New York, United States |
|
|
|
|
Flusslandschaft Elbe Biosphere Reserve |
|
925242 |
Germany |
|
|
|
|
Forillon National Park |
II |
61010 |
Quebec, Canada |
|
|
|
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Fort Donelson National Battlefield |
III |
560 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fraser Biosphere Reserve |
|
23050 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
|
Galichia Gora Zapovednik |
Ia |
568 |
Lipetsk, Russia |
|
|
|
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Gateway National Recreation Area |
V |
1807 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
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Gettysburg National Military Park |
V |
3560 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Grand Canyon National Park |
II |
1210128 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
II |
515454 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gros Morne National Park |
II |
476632 |
Newfoundland, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve |
II |
366714 |
British Columbia, Canada |
|
|
|
|
H.J. Andrews Biosphere Reserve |
|
15815 |
Oregon, United States |
|
|
|
|
Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site |
III |
861 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Ilmensky Zapovednik |
Ia |
84955 |
Chelyabinsk, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore |
II |
8272 |
Indiana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Isle of Rum National Nature Reserve |
|
|
Scotland, United Kingdom |
|
|
|
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Katunsky Biosphere Reserve |
|
393162 |
Altai, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Kavkazskiy Biosphere Reserve |
Ia |
692723 |
Krasnodar, Karachay-Cherkessia, Adygea, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Kedrovaya Pad Zapovednik |
Ia |
44224 |
Primorsky Krai , Russia |
|
|
|
|
Khopersky Zapovednik |
Ia |
47103 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Kouchibouguac National Park |
II |
59161 |
New Brunswick, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Laplandskiy Biosphere Reserve |
|
757114 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve (Natn'l Park) National Park |
II |
51235 |
Kentucky, United States |
|
|
|
|
Moores Creek National Battlefield |
III |
100 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve |
|
470167 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Obed Wild and Scenic River National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
5268 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Oconee National Forest Botanical Reserve |
|
306 |
Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Okskiy Biosphere Reserve |
|
190748 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Palava Protected Landscape Area |
V |
|
Czech Republic |
|
|
|
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Petrified Forest National Park |
II |
44522 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Point Pelee National Park |
II |
5764 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
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Reserva de la Biosfera de Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve |
V |
1777 |
Spain |
|
|
|
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Riding Mountain Biosphere Reserve |
II |
762028 |
Manitoba, Canada |
|
|
|
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Rocky Mountain Biosphere Reserve |
II |
239938 |
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
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Saratoga National Historical Park |
|
|
New York, United States |
|
|
|
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Shiloh National Military Park |
III |
4061 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve |
|
37548505 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Tennessee River Gorge |
|
|
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Terra Nova National Park |
IV |
125894 |
Newfoundland, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Tsentral'no-Chernozemny Biosphere Reserve |
Ia |
13064 |
Kursk, Russia |
|
|
|
|
Tsentral'no-Lesnoy Biosphere Reserve |
Ia |
62630 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Tsentral'no-Sibirskiy Biosphere Reserve |
Ia |
2521510 |
Krasnoyarsk, Russia |
|
|
|
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Ukrainskii Stepnoi Zapovednik Nature Zapovednik |
Ia |
2920 |
Ukraine |
|
|
|
|
Ussuriysky Zapovednik |
Ia |
99910 |
Primorsky Krai , Russia |
|
|
|
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Valley Forge National Historical Park |
VI |
3509 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Voronezhskiy Biosphere Reserve |
|
95835 |
Russia |
|
|
|
|
Zhuvintas Zapovednik |
|
18223 |
Lithuania |
|
|
|
|
Zion National Park |
II |
135667 |
Utah, United States |
|
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|
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Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Derived from Allergy-Free Gardening OPALS™, Thomas Leo Ogren (2000) ♦ 2USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture ♦ 3Kattge, J. et al. (2011b) TRY - a global database of plant traits Global Change Biology 17:2905-2935 ♦ 4PLANTATT - Attributes of British and Irish Plants: Status, Size, Life History, Geography and Habitats, M. O. Hill, C. D. Preston & D. B. Roy, Biological Records Centre, NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (2004) ♦ 5ECOFACT 2a Technical Annex - Ellenberg’s indicator values for British Plants, M O Hill, J O Mountford, D B Roy & R G H Bunce (1999) ♦ 6Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants♦ 7Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009 ♦ 8Individual variation in the ability of Columbian ground squirrels to select an optimal diet, MARK E. RITCHIE, Evolutionary Ecology, 1988, 2, 232-252 |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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