Animalia > Chordata > Mammalia > Carnivora > Felidae > Panthera > Panthera leo

Panthera leo (Lion)

Synonyms: Felis imperialis; Felis leo

Wikipedia Abstract

The lion (Panthera leo) is one of the big cats in the genus Panthera and a member of the family Felidae. The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the several subspecies in Africa. With some males exceeding 250 kg (550 lb) in weight, it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger. Wild lions currently exist in sub-Saharan Africa and in India (where an endangered remnant population resides in Gir Forest National Park). In ancient historic times, their range was in most of Africa, including North Africa, and across Eurasia from Greece and southeastern Europe to India. In the late Pleistocene, about 10,000 years ago, the lion was the most widespread large land mammal after humans: Panthera leo spelaea lived in northern and western Europe and Panthera leo atrox lived in the
View Wikipedia Record: Panthera leo

Infraspecies

Panthera leo azandica (African lion)
Panthera leo bleyenberghi (African lion)
Panthera leo krugeri (African lion)
Panthera leo leo (Barbary lion (extinct 1942))
Panthera leo melanochaita (Cape lion (extinct))
Panthera leo nubica (African lion)
Panthera leo persica (Asiatic lion)
Panthera leo senegalensis (African lion)

Endangered Species

Status: Vulnerable
View IUCN Record: Panthera leo

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
43
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 7.76
EDGE Score: 3.56
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  346.128 lbs (157.00 kg)
Birth Weight [2]  2.866 lbs (1.30 kg)
Female Weight [1]  277.784 lbs (126.00 kg)
Male Weight [1]  414.471 lbs (188.00 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [1]  49.2 %
Diet [3]  Carnivore (Vertebrates)
Diet - Endothermic [3]  90 %
Diet - Scavenger [3]  10 %
Forages - Ground [3]  100 %
Female Maturity [2]  3 years
Male Maturity [2]  3 years
Gestation [2]  3 months 19 days
Litter Size [2]  3
Litters / Year [2]  1
Maximum Longevity [2]  27 years
Nocturnal [4]  Yes
Snout to Vent Length [5]  7.118 feet (217 cm)
Speed [6]  35.50 MPH (15.87 m/s)
Weaning [2]  7 months 6 days

Ecoregions

Protected Areas

Ecosystems

Biodiversity Hotspots

Emblem of

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Consumers

Range Map

External References

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Panthera leo, Sarah K. Haas, Virginia Hayssen, and Paul R. Krausman, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 762, pp. 1–11 (2005)
♦ 2de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 4Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 5Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 6Wikipedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
♦ 7Who's Eating Who
♦ 8Addax nasomaculatus, Paul R. Krausman and Anne L. Casey, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 807, pp. 1-4 (2007)
♦ 9Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 10Antidorcas marsupialis, James W. Cain III, Paul R. Krausman, and Heather L. Germaine, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 753, pp. 1–7 (2004)
♦ 11Kori Bustard Species Survival Plan (Ardeotis kori) Husbandry Manual, Sara Hallager, Jeanette Boylan, September 2004
♦ 12The Serengeti food web: empirical quantification and analysis of topological changes under increasing human impact, Sara N. de Visser, Bernd P. Freymann and Han Olff, Journal of Animal Ecology 2011, 80, 484–494
♦ 13Predator–prey size relationships in an African large-mammal food web, Norman Owen-Smith and M. G. L. Mills, Journal of Animal Ecology Volume 77, Issue 1, Pages 173-183
♦ 14Equus grevyi, C. S. Churcher, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 453, pp. 1-9 (1993)
♦ 15Equus zebra, B. L. Penzhorn, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 314, pp. 1-7 (1988)
♦ 16Hystrix africaeaustralis, Erika L. Barthelmess, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 788, pp. 1-7 (2006)
♦ 176.5 African wild dog, Lycaon pictus, R. Woodroffe, J.W. McNutt and M.G.L. Mills, Sillero-Zubiri, C., Hoffmann, M. and Macdonald, D.W. (eds). 2004. Canids: Foxes, Wolves, Jackals and Dogs. Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan. IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. x + 430 pp.
♦ 18Madoqua kirkii, Steven C. Kingswood and Arlene T. Kumamoto, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 569, pp. 1-10 (1997)
♦ 19Orycteropus afer, Jeheskel Shoshani, Corey A. Goldman, and J. G. M. Thewissen, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 300, pp. 1-8 (1988)
♦ 20Taurotragus oryx, Lindsay A. Pappas, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 689, pp. 1–5 (2002)
♦ 21Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 22International Flea Database
♦ 23Nunn, C. L., and S. Altizer. 2005. The Global Mammal Parasite Database: An Online Resource for Infectious Disease Records in Wild Primates. Evolutionary Anthroplogy 14:1-2.
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0