World Species : Protected Area : Skeleton Coast Game Park

Skeleton Coast Game Park

Location:	Namibia
IUCN Category:	II
Area:	4,168,395 acres (1,686,890 hectares)
Species:	All Endangered Invasive
Climate:	View Climate Data
Land Use:	View Land Use Data
Köppen climate classification:	BWk (Climate: arid; Precipitation: desert; Temperature: cold arid)

Ecoregions

Kaokoveld desert
Namib desert

Soils

— Protected Area Boundary

	A				B			C				D				E					F	G				H			I			J		K

Share	50 %	25 %	15 %	10 %	50 %	40 %	10 %	40 %	30 %	20 %	10 %	50 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	30 %	20 %	20 %	10 %	20 %		30 %	30 %	30 %	10 %	60 %	20 %	20 %	50 %	40 %	10 %	50 %	50 %	60 %	40 %
Soil Type	Lithic Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Calcisols	Haplic Calcisols	Lithic Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Arenosols	Eutric Leptosols	Eutric Regosols	Petric Calcisols	Chromic Cambisols	Petric Calcisols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Calcisols	Haplic Calcisols	Eutric Leptosols	Eutric Regosols	Petric Calcisols	Chromic Luvisols	Eutric Leptosols	Haplic Arenosols	Calcic Gypsisols	Petric Gypsisols	Haplic Gypsisols	Haplic Solonchaks	Eutric Regosols	Petric Calcisols	Eutric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols	Lithic Leptosols	Eutric Regosols	Lithic Leptosols	Haplic Arenosols	Lithic Leptosols	Petric Calcisols
Topsoil Texture	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Coarse	Medium	Medium
Reference Depth	10 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	10 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	30 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	100 cm	10 cm	10 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm	10 cm	100 cm
Drainage	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Somewhat excessive	Moderately well	Moderately well	Imperfectly	Somewhat excessive	Moderately well	Well	Well	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Moderately well	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Imperfectly	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Somewhat excessive	Imperfectly	Moderately well
Available Water Capacity	15 mm	15 mm	150 m	150 m	15 mm	15 mm	100 m	50 mm	150 m	150 m	150 m	150 m	15 mm	150 m	150 m	50 mm	100 m	150 m	150 m	50 mm	100 m	150 m	100 m	100 m	150 m	100 m	150 m	100 m	15 mm	15 mm	100 m	15 mm	100 m	15 mm	150 m
Misc. Property										Petric (strongly cemented or indurated layer starting within 100 cm)		Petric (strongly cemented or indurated layer starting within 100 cm)						Petric (strongly cemented or indurated layer starting within 100 cm)					Petric (strongly cemented or indurated layer starting within 100 cm)				Petric (strongly cemented or indurated layer starting within 100 cm)								Petric (strongly cemented or indurated layer starting within 100 cm)
Topsoil Properties
Gravel	20 %	20 %	0 %	28 %	20 %	20 %	1 %	20 %	20 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	17 %	0 %	0 %	20 %	70 %	8 %	0 %	20 %	1 %	45 %	60 %	6 %	1 %	10 %	2 %	1 %	20 %	17 %	70 %	20 %	1 %	17 %	8 %
Sand	43 %	43 %	73 %	72 %	43 %	43 %	89 %	50 %	39 %	61 %	68 %	61 %	70 %	42 %	43 %	50 %	73 %	69 %	48 %	50 %	89 %	70 %	82 %	87 %	50 %	81 %	61 %	90 %	43 %	70 %	73 %	43 %	89 %	70 %	69 %
Silt	29 %	29 %	6 %	5 %	29 %	29 %	6 %	30 %	38 %	24 %	14 %	24 %	18 %	41 %	26 %	30 %	19 %	17 %	27 %	30 %	6 %	23 %	12 %	6 %	28 %	14 %	24 %	7 %	29 %	18 %	19 %	29 %	6 %	18 %	17 %
Clay	28 %	28 %	21 %	23 %	28 %	28 %	5 %	20 %	23 %	15 %	18 %	15 %	12 %	17 %	31 %	20 %	8 %	14 %	25 %	20 %	5 %	7 %	6 %	7 %	22 %	5 %	15 %	3 %	28 %	12 %	8 %	28 %	5 %	12 %	14 %
USDA Texture	Clay loam	Clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam	Clay loam	Clay loam	Sand	Loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Loam	Clay loam	Loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Sandy clay loam	Loam	Sand	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Loamy sand	Loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Sand	Clay loam	Sandy loam	Sandy loam	Clay loam	Sand	Sandy loam	Sandy loam
Reference Bulk Density	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³	1.38 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.61 g/cm³	1.66 g/cm³	1.65 g/cm³	1.41 g/cm³	1.68 g/cm³	1.48 g/cm³	1.78 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.6 g/cm³	1.36 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.53 g/cm³	1.51 g/cm³
Bulk Density	1.31 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.3 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.29 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.34 g/cm³	1.32 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³	1.7 g/cm³	1.35 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.39 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.28 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.22 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.21 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.5 g/cm³	1.31 g/cm³	1.45 g/cm³
Organic Carbon	0.39 %	0.39 %	1.06 %	0.49 %	0.39 %	0.39 %	0.23 %	0.72 %	0.53 %	0.29 %	0.51 %	0.29 %	0.26 %	0.63 %	0.5 %	0.72 %	0.45 %	0.54 %	0.41 %	0.72 %	0.23 %	0.19 %	0.25 %	0.12 %	0.45 %	0.14 %	0.29 %	0.43 %	0.39 %	0.26 %	0.45 %	0.39 %	0.23 %	0.26 %	0.54 %
PH	7.5	7.5	6.5	7.1	7.5	7.5	6.1	6.5	8.1	8.6	8.4	8.6	8.7	8.9	8.6	6.5	8.2	8.1	7.5	6.5	6.1	8.3	8.4	8.1	8.1	8.8	8.6	7.9	7.5	8.7	8.2	7.5	6.1	8.7	8.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity	51 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	116 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	50 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	63 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	115 cmol kg⁻¹	23 cmol kg⁻¹	41 cmol kg⁻¹	69 cmol kg⁻¹	62 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	52 cmol kg⁻¹	51 cmol kg⁻¹	40 cmol kg⁻¹	56 cmol kg⁻¹	43 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	14 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	28 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	3 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation	100 %	100 %	100 %	86 %	100 %	100 %	91 %	87 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	87 %	94 %	100 %	96 %	87 %	91 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	94 %	100 %	91 %	100 %	100 %
Total Exchangeable Bases	15.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.7 cmol kg⁻¹	14.1 cmol kg⁻¹	10 cmol kg⁻¹	15.7 cmol kg⁻¹	15.7 cmol kg⁻¹	2.5 cmol kg⁻¹	10.4 cmol kg⁻¹	28 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	12 cmol kg⁻¹	21 cmol kg⁻¹	10.4 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	11.5 cmol kg⁻¹	10.4 cmol kg⁻¹	2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	17 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	9 cmol kg⁻¹	2 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	4.7 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	2.7 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate	3.1 %	3.1 %	11.7 %	9.7 %	3.1 %	3.1 %	0.5 %	0.8 %	2 %	10.9 %	3 %	10.9 %	3.1 %	11.7 %	33.4 %	0.8 %	2.3 %	7.9 %	2 %	0.8 %	0.5 %	16.9 %	3.2 %	2.9 %	4.2 %	3 %	10.9 %	2 %	3.1 %	3.1 %	2.3 %	3.1 %	0.5 %	3.1 %	7.9 %
Calcium Sulphate	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	4.4 %	27.6 %	2.2 %	1.6 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0 %	0.1 %	0.1 %
Exchangeable Sodium	1 %	1 %	3 %	2 %	1 %	1 %	3 %	2 %	0 %	0 %	1 %	0 %	3 %	0 %	1 %	2 %	5 %	2 %	1 %	2 %	3 %	49 %	39 %	22 %	14 %	2 %	0 %	3 %	1 %	3 %	5 %	1 %	3 %	3 %	2 %
Electrical Conductivity	0.4 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	8.3 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1	13.9 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	6.3 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	3.9 dS m-1	21.8 dS m-1	2.1 dS m-1	2.8 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0 dS m-1	0.4 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1
Subsoil Properties
Gravel			33 %	33 %			1 %		28 %	2 %	7 %	2 %		0 %	0 %		90 %		0 %		1 %	60 %	60 %	10 %	1 %	10 %	2 %	10 %			90 %		1 %
Sand			60 %	60 %			90 %		53 %	65 %	64 %	65 %		29 %	29 %		70 %		36 %		90 %	47 %	75 %	87 %	52 %	78 %	65 %	78 %			70 %		90 %
Silt			8 %	8 %			5 %		27 %	16 %	12 %	16 %		42 %	42 %		17 %		27 %		5 %	35 %	13 %	6 %	27 %	17 %	16 %	17 %			17 %		5 %
Clay			32 %	32 %			5 %		20 %	19 %	24 %	19 %		29 %	29 %		13 %		37 %		5 %	18 %	12 %	7 %	21 %	5 %	19 %	5 %			13 %		5 %
USDA Texture			Sandy clay loam	Sandy clay loam			Sand		Sandy clay loam	Sandy loam	Sandy clay loam	Sandy loam		Clay loam	Clay loam		Sandy loam		Clay loam		Sand	Loam	Sandy loam	Loamy sand	Sandy clay loam	Loamy sand	Sandy loam	Loamy sand			Sandy loam		Sand
Reference Bulk Density			1.37 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³			1.7 g/cm³		1.43 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³		1.33 g/cm³	1.33 g/cm³		1.52 g/cm³		1.3 g/cm³		1.7 g/cm³	1.43 g/cm³	1.54 g/cm³	1.65 g/cm³	1.42 g/cm³	1.68 g/cm³	1.46 g/cm³	1.68 g/cm³			1.52 g/cm³		1.7 g/cm³
Bulk Density			1.37 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³			1.53 g/cm³		1.37 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.65 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³		1.28 g/cm³	1.37 g/cm³		1.25 g/cm³		1.73 g/cm³		1.53 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.4 g/cm³	1.47 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.18 g/cm³	1.44 g/cm³	1.13 g/cm³			1.25 g/cm³		1.53 g/cm³
Organic Carbon			0.34 %	0.34 %			0.11 %		0.36 %	0.37 %	0.41 %	0.37 %		0.27 %	0.27 %		0.22 %		0.32 %		0.11 %	0.18 %	0.14 %	0.07 %	0.19 %	0.06 %	0.37 %	0.06 %			0.22 %		0.11 %
PH			7.3	7.3			6.1		7.4	8	8.2	8		8.7	8.7		6.8		8.1		6.1	8.1	8.3	8	8	8.9	8	8.9			6.8		6.1
Clay Cation Exchange Capacity			44 cmol kg⁻¹	44 cmol kg⁻¹			38 cmol kg⁻¹		79 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	38 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹		53 cmol kg⁻¹	53 cmol kg⁻¹		35 cmol kg⁻¹		34 cmol kg⁻¹		38 cmol kg⁻¹	49 cmol kg⁻¹	42 cmol kg⁻¹	59 cmol kg⁻¹	73 cmol kg⁻¹	91 cmol kg⁻¹	39 cmol kg⁻¹	91 cmol kg⁻¹			35 cmol kg⁻¹		38 cmol kg⁻¹
Soil Cation Exchange Capacity			15 cmol kg⁻¹	15 cmol kg⁻¹			2 cmol kg⁻¹		18 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹		16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹		5 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹			5 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹
Base Saturation			93 %	93 %			98 %		85 %	100 %	100 %	100 %		100 %	100 %		81 %		100 %		98 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %	100 %			81 %		98 %
Total Exchangeable Bases			14.1 cmol kg⁻¹	14.1 cmol kg⁻¹			2.3 cmol kg⁻¹		15.3 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	11 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹		16 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹		4.1 cmol kg⁻¹		14 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	6 cmol kg⁻¹	4 cmol kg⁻¹	16 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹	8 cmol kg⁻¹	5 cmol kg⁻¹			4.1 cmol kg⁻¹		2 cmol kg⁻¹
Calcium Carbonate			9.6 %	9.6 %			0.5 %		1.8 %	15.5 %	2.4 %	15.5 %		57.9 %	57.9 %		1 %		2.5 %		0.5 %	13.2 %	4.2 %	3 %	4.7 %	3 %	15.5 %	3 %			1 %		0.5 %
Calcium Sulphate			0.1 %	0.1 %			0 %		0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %		0.1 %	0.1 %		0.1 %		0.1 %		0 %	37.5 %	46.5 %	2.8 %	0.9 %	0.1 %	0.1 %	0.1 %			0.1 %		0 %
Exchangeable Sodium			2 %	2 %			3 %		2 %	3 %	1 %	3 %		0 %	0 %		3 %		1 %		3 %	5 %	76 %	10 %	16 %	1 %	3 %	1 %			3 %		3 %
Electrical Conductivity			0.3 dS m-1	0.3 dS m-1			0 dS m-1		0.2 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	11.9 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1		11.7 dS m-1	11.7 dS m-1		0.1 dS m-1		19.1 dS m-1		0 dS m-1	3.8 dS m-1	5.2 dS m-1	2.7 dS m-1	11.9 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1	0.2 dS m-1	0.1 dS m-1			0.1 dS m-1		0 dS m-1

Soil data provided by FAO/IIASA/ISRIC/ISSCAS/JRC, 2012. Harmonized World Soil Database (version 1.2). FAO, Rome, Italy and IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.

Köppen climate classification provided by Kottek, M., J. Grieser, C. Beck, B. Rudolf, and F. Rubel, 2006: World Map of Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification updated. Meteorol. Z., 15, 259-263