Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Passeriformes > Parulidae > Setophaga > Setophaga ceruleaSetophaga cerulea (Cerulean Warbler)Synonyms: Dendroica cerulea; Sylvia cerulea Language: French; Spanish The cerulean warbler (Setophaga cerulea) is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.Adult males have pale cerulean blue and white upperparts with a black necklace across the breast and black streaks on the back and flanks. Females and immature birds have greyer or greenish upperparts, a pale stripe over the eye, and no streaking on the back and no neck. All of these birds have wing bars and a thin pointed bill.They are found in deciduous forests of eastern North America during the breeding season and then migrate to forested mountain areas in South America.The species is considered threatened with an IUCN status of Vulnerable (VU), indicating it is considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. |
Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) Unique (100) Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) Unique & Vulnerable (100) ED Score: 4.60938 EDGE Score: 3.11073 |
Adult Weight [1] | 9 grams | Birth Weight [3] | 1.5 grams | | Breeding Habitat [2] | Temperate eastern forests | Wintering Geography [2] | Central and S. Am. Highlands | Wintering Habitat [2] | Tropical highland forests | | Diet [4] | Carnivore (Invertebrates), Nectarivore | Diet - Invertibrates [4] | 90 % | Diet - Nectar [4] | 10 % | Forages - Aerial [4] | 30 % | Forages - Canopy [4] | 70 % | | Female Maturity [5] | 1 year | Male Maturity [5] | 1 year | | Clutch Size [6] | 4 | Clutches / Year [5] | 1 | Global Population (2017 est.) [2] | 570,000 | Incubation [5] | 12 days | Mating System [3] | Monogamy | Maximum Longevity [5] | 6 years | Migration [7] | Intercontinental |
|
Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Allegheny Highlands forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Apure-Villavicencio dry forests |
Colombia, Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Araya and Paria xeric scrub |
Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Bahamian pine mosaic |
Bahamas |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Belizean pine forests |
Belize |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Bermuda subtropical conifer forests |
United Kingdom |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Catatumbo moist forests |
Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cauca Valley dry forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cauca Valley montane forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central American Atlantic moist forests |
Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Central forest-grasslands transition |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Central tall grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Central U.S. hardwood forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Chocó-Darién moist forests |
Colombia, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cordillera La Costa montane forests |
Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cordillera Oriental montane forests |
Colombia, Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cuban cactus scrub |
Cuba |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Cuban dry forests |
Cuba |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cuban moist forests |
Cuba |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cuban pine forests |
Cuba |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Cuban wetlands |
Cuba |
Neotropic |
Flooded Grasslands and Savannas |
|
|
|
|
Eastern Cordillera real montane forests |
Ecuador, Colombia, Peru |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Eastern Great Lakes lowland forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Eastern Panamanian montane forests |
Colombia, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Flint Hills tall grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Guajira-Barranquilla xeric scrub |
Colombia, Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Isthmian-Atlantic moist forests |
Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Isthmian-Pacific moist forests |
Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Jamaican dry forests |
Jamaica |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Jamaican moist forests |
Jamaica |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
La Costa xeric shrublands |
Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Lara-Falcón dry forests |
Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Magdalena Valley dry forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Magdalena Valley montane forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Magdalena-Urabá moist forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Maracaibo dry forests |
Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Miskito pine forests |
Honduras, Nicaragua |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Mississippi lowland forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Northwestern Andean montane forests |
Colombia, Ecuador |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Ozark Mountain forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Pantanos de Centla |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Paraguana xeric scrub |
Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Peruvian Yungas |
Peru |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Petén-Veracruz moist forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Belize |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Piney Woods forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
|
|
|
|
Santa Marta montane forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sierra de los Tuxtlas |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Sinú Valley dry forests |
Colombia |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Southeastern mixed forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Southern Great Lakes forests |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Talamancan montane forests |
Costa Rica, Panama |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Tamaulipan mezquital |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Upper Midwest forest-savanna transition |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
|
|
|
|
Venezuelan Andes montane forests |
Colombia, Venezuela |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Veracruz dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Veracruz moist forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Western Gulf Coastal grasslands |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
|
|
|
|
Yucatán dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Yucatán moist forests |
Mexico, Guatemala, Belize |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests |
|
|
|
|
Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Antietam National Battlefield |
III |
3263 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
|
Arkansas Post National Memorial National Monument |
V |
424 |
Arkansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Assateague Island National Seashore |
II |
8621 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
|
Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
19192 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
|
Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
16363 |
Delaware, United States |
|
|
|
|
Bruce Peninsula National Park |
II |
|
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Cabrillo National Monument |
V |
149 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cape Hatteras National Seashore |
II |
21476 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
8964 |
South Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Carolinian-South Atlantic Biosphere Reserve |
|
310228 |
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Catoctin Mountain Park National Park |
II |
5994 |
Maryland, United States |
|
|
|
|
Central Gulf Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve |
|
40530 |
United States |
|
|
|
|
Champlain-Adirondack Biosphere Reserve |
|
9859505 |
New York, Vermont, United States |
|
|
|
|
Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area |
V |
7622 |
Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Columbia River Forest Reserve |
VI |
149053 |
Belize |
|
|
|
|
Congaree Swamp National Park |
II |
6095 |
South Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cordillera Volcanica Central Forest Reserve |
VI |
150571 |
Costa Rica |
|
|
|
|
Coweeta Hydrologic Laboratory LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
|
|
North Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Crosswinds Marsh Nature Preserve |
|
1050 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
Cuyahoga Valley National Park |
II |
24907 |
Ohio, United States |
|
|
|
|
Edwin S. George Reserve |
|
1297 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
Effigy Mounds National Monument |
V |
1296 |
Iowa, United States |
|
|
|
|
Farallon National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
352 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fathom Five National Marine Park |
II |
|
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
66133 |
Arkansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary |
IV |
2387149 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
Fort Pulaski National Monument |
V |
4213 |
Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Friendship Hill National Historic Site |
III |
697 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Gateway National Recreation Area |
V |
1807 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
|
George WA Carver National Monument |
V |
210 |
Missouri, United States |
|
|
|
|
Georgian Bay Islands National Park |
II |
|
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
II |
515454 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
3161 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
|
Hopewell Furnace National Historic Site |
III |
861 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Hot Springs National Park |
II |
5740 |
Arkansas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore |
II |
8272 |
Indiana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Jean Lafitte National Hist. Park & Preserve National Historical Park |
II |
17686 |
Louisiana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Kellogg Biological Station LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
|
|
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
La Selva Biological Station Protective Zone |
VI |
6052 |
Costa Rica |
|
|
|
|
Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
28351 |
Louisiana, United States |
|
|
|
|
Lake Mead National Recreation Area |
V |
670229 |
Arizona, Nevada, United States |
|
|
|
|
Little St. Simons Island |
|
|
Georgia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Long Point Biosphere Reserve |
|
100325 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve (Natn'l Park) National Park |
II |
51235 |
Kentucky, United States |
|
|
|
|
Morristown National Historical Park |
VI |
1677 |
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
|
New River Gorge National River National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
55591 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Niagara Escarpment Biosphere Reserve |
|
470167 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Oak Ridge National Environmental Research Park |
|
20001 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
38256 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
|
Ozark National Scenic Riverways National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
54621 |
Missouri, United States |
|
|
|
|
Padre Island National Seashore |
II |
42068 |
Texas, United States |
|
|
|
|
Parque Nacional Henri Pittier National Park |
|
218030 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Parque Nacional Sierra de San Luis National Park |
II |
50473 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Parque Nacional Yacambu National Park |
II |
43025 |
Venezuela |
|
|
|
|
Podocarpus National Park |
II |
364096 |
Ecuador |
|
|
|
|
Point Pelee National Park |
II |
5764 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Point Reyes National Seashore |
II |
27068 |
California, United States |
|
|
|
|
Rara Avis Rainforest Reserve |
|
3163 |
Costa Rica |
|
|
|
|
Reserva de la Biosfera de Yasuni Biosphere Reserve |
|
4156313 |
Ecuador |
|
|
|
|
Reserva Natural Tambito |
|
|
Colombia |
|
|
|
|
Rondeau Provincial Park |
II |
5035 |
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Saint Croix International Historic Site |
|
|
Maine, United States |
|
|
|
|
Saint Lawrence Islands National Park |
II |
|
Ontario, Canada |
|
|
|
|
Shenandoah National Park |
II |
108221 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
|
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve |
|
37548505 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Tawas Point State Park |
|
183 |
Michigan, United States |
|
|
|
|
Tennessee River Gorge |
|
|
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Upper Miss. River Nat'l Wildlife Refuge National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
25823 |
Illinois, Iowa, Wisconsin, United States |
|
|
|
|
Valley Forge National Historical Park |
VI |
3509 |
Pennsylvania, United States |
|
|
|
|
Vicksburg National Military Park |
V |
1651 |
Mississippi, United States |
|
|
|
|
Name |
Location |
IBA Criteria |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Allegan State Game Area and Kalamazoo River (Galesburg to Saugatuck) |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Altos de Campana National Park |
Panama |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Barry State Game Area, Yankee Springs Recreation Area and Perry Trust |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Belize Off-shore and Barrier Islands |
Belize |
A1, A2, A4i, A4ii |
|
|
|
Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Bocas del Toro Archipelago |
Panama |
A1 |
|
|
|
Bosque de San Antonio/Km 18 |
Colombia |
A1 |
|
|
|
Bosques del Oriente de Risaralda |
Colombia |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Bosques Montanos del Sur de Antioquia |
Colombia |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Cañón del Río Barbas y Bremen |
Colombia |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Capurganá |
Colombia |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Castle Rock State Park and Lowden-Miller State Forest |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Chagres National Park |
Panama |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Cuchilla de San Lorenzo |
Colombia |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Darién National Park |
Panama |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Fort Custer Training Center and Recreation Area |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
General de División Omar Torrijos Herrera National Park |
Panama |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Golfo de los Mosquitos Forests |
Panama |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Guatemalan Caribbean Slope |
Guatemala |
A1, A3 |
|
|
|
Humedales de la Sabana de Bogotá |
Colombia |
A1 |
|
|
|
Maya Mountains and southern reserves |
Belize |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Maya-Lacandon |
Guatemala |
A1, A3, A4i |
|
|
|
Metropolitan Nature Park |
Panama |
A1, A4iv |
|
|
|
Mississippi Palisades State Park |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Narganá Wildlands Area |
Panama |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Northeastern Belize |
Belize |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Ozark National Forest |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Panama Canal West Bank |
Panama |
A1, A4iv |
|
|
|
Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar (entre Santos e São Sebastião) |
Brazil |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Parque Nacional Natural Tayrona |
Colombia |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Patoka River National Widlife Refuge |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Pomona Nongame Bird Management Area |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Reserva de Biósfera Seaflower |
Colombia |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Reserva Forestal Yotoco |
Colombia |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Reserva Hidrográfica, Forestal y Parque Ecológico de Río Blanco |
Colombia |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Rio Bravo CMA Gallon Jug Estate |
Belize |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
San Lorenzo National Park |
Panama |
A1, A4iv |
|
|
|
Santa Fé National Park |
Panama |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Serra do Tinguá |
Brazil |
A1, A2, A3 |
|
|
|
Serranía de las Quinchas |
Colombia |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Soatá |
Colombia |
A1, A2 |
|
|
|
Soberanía National Park |
Panama |
A1, A4iv |
|
|
|
Sugar Creek Valley |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Upper Blue Ridge Mountains |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
Waterloo Recreation Area |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
White River (Manistee National Forest) |
USA |
A1 |
|
|
|
|
Name |
Location |
Endemic |
Species |
Website |
Caribbean Islands |
Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Haiti, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Jamaica, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent And The Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks And Caicos Islands, Virgin Islands - British, Virgin Islands - U.S. |
No |
|
|
Mesoamerica |
Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama |
No |
|
|
Tropical Andes |
Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Venezuela |
No |
|
|
Tumbes-Choco-Magdalena |
Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru |
No |
|
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Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018. ♦ 3Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605 ♦ 4Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027 ♦ 5de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 6Jetz W, Sekercioglu CH, Böhning-Gaese K (2008) The Worldwide Variation in Avian Clutch Size across Species and Space PLoS Biol 6(12): e303. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0060303 ♦ 7Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.orgEcoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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