Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Charadriiformes > Laridae > Pagophila > Pagophila eburnea

Pagophila eburnea (Ivory Gull)

Synonyms: Larus eburnea (homotypic); Larus eburneus; Larus spec
Language: French

Wikipedia Abstract

The ivory gull (Pagophila eburnea) is a small gull, the only species in the genus Pagophila. It breeds in the high Arctic and has a circumpolar distribution through Greenland, northernmost North America, and Eurasia.
View Wikipedia Record: Pagophila eburnea

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
2
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
27
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 5.13732
EDGE Score: 2.50753

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  1.239 lbs (562 g)
Birth Weight [1]  60 grams
Female Weight [5]  1.118 lbs (507 g)
Male Weight [5]  1.36 lbs (617 g)
Weight Dimorphism [5]  21.7 %
Breeding Habitat [2]  Arctic coastal
Wintering Geography [2]  Arctic Coast
Wintering Habitat [2]  Arctic coastal, Arctic polynyas
Diet [3]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Carnivore (Vertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Fish [3]  40 %
Diet - Invertibrates [3]  30 %
Diet - Scavenger [3]  30 %
Forages - Ground [3]  70 %
Forages - Water Surface [3]  30 %
Female Maturity [4]  2 years
Male Maturity [4]  2 years
Clutch Size [4]  2
Clutches / Year [4]  1
Global Population (2017 est.) [2]  45,000
Incubation [4]  25 days
Maximum Longevity [4]  24 years
Migration [6]  Intercontinental
Wing Span [7]  3.674 feet (1.12 m)

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Climate Land
Use
Arctic desert Norway, Russia Palearctic Tundra    
High Arctic tundra Canada Nearctic Tundra
Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra Greenland Nearctic Tundra
Novosibirsk Islands arctic desert Russia Palearctic Tundra

Protected Areas

Important Bird Areas

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Corvus corax (Northern Raven)[9]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Alcataenia micracantha[10]
Ceratophyllus vagabundus vagabundus[11]

Range Map

External References

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
1Storchová, Lenka; Hořák, David (2018), Data from: Life-history characteristics of European birds, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.n6k3n
2Partners in Flight Avian Conservation Assessment Database, version 2017. Accessed on January 2018.
3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
5Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
6Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
7del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona.
8Ivory gull (Pagophila eburnea) distribution in late summer and autumn in eastern Lancaster Sound and western Baffin Bay, Wayne E. Renaud, Peter L. McLaren, Arctic Vol. 35, No. 1 (March 1982), p. 141-148
9Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
10Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
11International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0