Plantae > Tracheophyta > Magnoliopsida > Malpighiales > Salicaceae > Populus > Populus deltoides

Populus deltoides (eastern cottonwood; plains cottonwood; cottonwood; common cottonwood)

Synonyms: Aigeiros deltoides

Wikipedia Abstract

Populus deltoides, the eastern cottonwood or necklace poplar, is a cottonwood poplar native to North America, growing throughout the eastern, central, and southwestern United States, the southernmost part of eastern Canada, and northeastern Mexico. It is a eudicot.
View Wikipedia Record: Populus deltoides

Infraspecies

Populus deltoides deltoides (Eastern cottonwood)
Populus deltoides monilifera (plains cottonwood) (Attributes)
Populus deltoides wislizenii (Rio Grande cottonwood)

Attributes

Air Quality Improvement [1]  None
Allergen Potential [1]  High
Carbon Capture [1]  Medium-High
Screening - Summer [2]  Dense
Screening - Winter [2]  Porous
Shade Percentage [1]  80 %
Temperature Reduction [1]  High
Wind Reduction [1]  Medium
Bloom Period [2]  Spring
Drought Tolerance [2]  Medium
Edible [3]  May be edible. See the Plants For A Future link below for details.
Fire Tolerance [2]  Medium
Flower Type [3]  Dioecious
Frost Free Days [2]  3 months 10 days
Fruit/Seed Abundance [2]  High
Fruit/Seed Begin [2]  Spring
Fruit/Seed End [2]  Spring
Growth Form [2]  Single Stem
Growth Period [2]  Spring, Summer
Growth Rate [2]  Rapid
Janka Hardness [4]  430 lbf (195 kgf) Very Soft
Leaf Type [3]  Deciduous
Lifespan [2]  Perennial
Pollinators [3]  Wind
Propagation [2]  Bare Root, Container, Cutting, Seed
Root Depth [2]  24 inches (61 cm)
Seed Spread Rate [2]  Rapid
Seed Vigor [2]  High
Seeds Per [2]  424999 / lb (936964 / kg)
Shape/Orientation [2]  Erect
Specific Gravity [5]  0.4
Structure [3]  Tree
Usage [3]  An extract of the shoots can be used as a rooting hormone for all types of cuttings. It is extracted by soaking the chopped up shoots in cold water for a day; Various dyes can be obtained from the leaf buds in the spring - green, white, yellow, purple and red have been mentioned; Trees are planted for dune fixing in erosion control programmes; They are also good pioneer species, growing quickly to provide a good habitat for other woodland trees and eventually being out-competed by those trees; A fairly wind resistant tree, it can be grown as part of a shelterbelt planting; Another report says that it is easily storm-damaged; The wood has been used as a bio-mass for producing methanol, which can be used to power internal combustion engines; Annual yields of 7 tonnes of oven-dry material per year have been achieved; Wood - weak, soft, rather woolly in texture, without smell or taste, of low flammability, not durable, very resistant to abrasion but warps and shrinks badly; It weighs 24lb per cubic foot; The wood takes paint well, is easy to glue and nail; It is used principally for lumber, pulp, crates, veneer etc;
Vegetative Spread Rate [2]  Slow
Flower Color [2]  Yellow
Foliage Color [2]  Green
Fruit Color [2]  White
Fruit Conspicuous [2]  Yes
Height [3]  98 feet (30 m)
Width [3]  66 feet (20 m)
Hardiness Zone Minimum [1]  USDA Zone: 3 Low Temperature: -40 F° (-40 C°) → -30 F° (-34.4 C°)
Hardiness Zone Maximum [1]  USDA Zone: 9 Low Temperature: 20 F° (-6.7 C°) → 30 F° (-1.1 C°)
Light Preference [2]  Full Sun
Soil Acidity [2]  Mostly Acid
Soil Fertility [2]  Intermediate
Water Use [1]  High to Moderate
View Plants For A Future Record : Populus deltoides

Protected Areas

Emblem of

Kansas
Nebraska
Wyoming

Predators

Providers

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Agrilus anxius (Bronze birch borer)[10]
Poecilonota cyanipes (Eastern Poplar Buprestid)[10]

Range Map

External References

USDA Plant Profile

NatureServe Explorer

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1i-Tree Species v. 4.0, developed by the USDA Forest Service's Northern Research Station and SUNY-ESF using the Horticopia, Inc. plant database.
♦ 2USDA Plants Database, U. S. Department of Agriculture
♦ 3Plants For A Future licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
♦ 4Wood Janka Hardness Scale/Chart J W Morlan's Unique Wood Gifts
♦ 5Forest Inventory and Analysis DB version 5.1, May 4, 2013, U.S. Forest Service
♦ 6HOSTS - a Database of the World's Lepidopteran Hostplants Gaden S. Robinson, Phillip R. Ackery, Ian J. Kitching, George W. Beccaloni AND Luis M. Hernández
♦ 7Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D.R. & Gibson, G.A.P. ScaleNet 4 November 2009
♦ 8Biological Records Centre Database of Insects and their Food Plants
♦ 9Dipodomys ordii, Tom E. Garrison and Troy L. Best, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 353, pp. 1-10 (1990)
♦ 10Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 11Robertson, C. Flowers and insects lists of visitors of four hundred and fifty three flowers. 1929. The Science Press Printing Company Lancaster, PA.
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0