Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Sphenisciformes > Spheniscidae > Pygoscelis > Pygoscelis papua

Pygoscelis papua (Gentoo Penguin)

Synonyms: Aptenodytes papua (homotypic)

Wikipedia Abstract

The long-tailed gentoo penguin (/ˈdʒɛntuː/ JEN-too) (Pygoscelis papua) is a penguin species in the genus Pygoscelis, most closely associated with the Adélie penguin (P. adeliae) and the chinstrap penguin (P. antarcticus). The first scientific description was made in 1781 by Johann Reinhold Forster with a reference point of the Falkland Islands. They call in a variety of ways, but the most frequently heard is a loud trumpeting which is emitted with its head thrown back.
View Wikipedia Record: Pygoscelis papua

Infraspecies

Pygoscelis papua ellsworthi (Gentoo penguin)
Pygoscelis papua papua (Gentoo penguin)
Pygoscelis papua poncetii
Pygoscelis papua taeniata

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
8
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
44
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 17.259
EDGE Score: 3.59781
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  12.582 lbs (5.707 kg)
Birth Weight [2]  136 grams
Female Weight [5]  12.125 lbs (5.50 kg)
Male Weight [5]  14.11 lbs (6.40 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [5]  16.4 %
Diet [3]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Fish [3]  60 %
Diet - Invertibrates [3]  40 %
Forages - Underwater [3]  100 %
Clutch Size [2]  2
Clutches / Year [1]  1
Egg Length [1]  2.677 inches (68 mm)
Egg Width [1]  2.283 inches (58 mm)
Fledging [1]  83 days
Incubation [6]  35 days
Mating System [2]  Monogamy
Maximum Longevity [1]  35 years
Snout to Vent Length [1]  30 inches (75 cm)
Speed [7]  22.369 MPH (10 m/s)
Wing Span [6]  8 inches (.21 m)
Female Maturity [4]  2 years
Male Maturity [4]  2 years

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Climate Land
Use
Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra Australia, New Zealand Australasia Tundra    
Patagonian steppe Chile, Argentina Neotropic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Scotia Sea Islands tundra United Kingdom Antarctic Tundra    
Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra South Africa, France, Australia Antarctic Tundra    

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Climate Land Use
Macquarie Island Nature Reserve Ia 233540 Tasmania, Australia  
Palmer LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research   Antarctica    
Cape Peninsula National Park II 70141 Western Cape, South Africa

Important Bird Areas

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Consumers

Range Map

External References

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 4de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
♦ 5Stonehouse, B. 1970. Geographic variation in Gentoo Penguins Pygoscelis papua. Ibis 112: 52-57
♦ 6Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 7Alerstam T, Rosén M, Bäckman J, Ericson PGP, Hellgren O (2007) Flight Speeds among Bird Species: Allometric and Phylogenetic Effects. PLoS Biol 5(8): e197. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050197
♦ 8Jorrit H. Poelen, James D. Simons and Chris J. Mungall. (2014). Global Biotic Interactions: An open infrastructure to share and analyze species-interaction datasets. Ecological Informatics.
♦ 9Spatial and temporal variation in the diet of the gentoo penguin (Pygoscelis papua) at Kerguelen Islands, Amélie Lescroël, Vincent Ridoux and Charles André Bost, Polar Biol (2004) 27: 206–216
♦ 10THE DIETS AND DIETARY SEGREGATION OF SEABIRDS AT THE SUBANTARCTIC CROZET ISLANDS, VINCENT RIDOUX, MARINE ORNITHOLOGY Vol. 22 No. 1 1994
♦ 11DENSITIES OF ANTARCTIC SEABIRDS AT SEA AND THE PRESENCE OF THE KRILL EUPHAUSIA SUPERBA, BRYAN S. OBST, The Auk 102: 540-549. July 1985
♦ 12Amphipod-based food web: Themisto gaudichaudii caught in nets and by seabirds in Kerguelen waters, southern Indian Ocean, Pierrick Bocher, Yves Cherel, Jean-Philippe Labat, Patrick Mayzaud, Suzanne Razouls, Pierre Jouventin, Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol. 223: 261–276, 2001
♦ 13Population growth and density, diet and breeding success of striated caracaras Phalcoboenus australis on New Island, Falkland Islands, Paulo Catry, Miguel Lecoq, Ian J. Strange, Polar Biology Volume 31, Number 10, 1167-1174
♦ 14Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 15International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0