Animalia > Chordata > Aves > Sphenisciformes > Spheniscidae > Eudyptes > Eudyptes chrysolophus

Eudyptes chrysolophus (Macaroni Penguin)

Wikipedia Abstract

The macaroni penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) is a species of penguin found from the Subantarctic to the Antarctic Peninsula. One of six species of crested penguin, it is very closely related to the royal penguin, and some authorities consider the two to be a single species. It bears a distinctive yellow crest, and the face and upperparts are black and sharply delineated from the white underparts. Adults weigh on average 5.5 kg (12 lb) and are 70 cm (28 in) in length. The male and female are similar in appearance, although the male is slightly larger and stronger with a relatively larger bill. Like all penguins, it is flightless, with a streamlined body and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine lifestyle. They also have red eyes.
View Wikipedia Record: Eudyptes chrysolophus

Endangered Species

Status: Vulnerable
View IUCN Record: Eudyptes chrysolophus

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
3
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
41
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 6.84728
EDGE Score: 3.44646
Learn more at EDGE of Existence programme

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  10.289 lbs (4.667 kg)
Birth Weight [2]  142 grams
Female Weight [1]  10.913 lbs (4.95 kg)
Male Weight [1]  9.667 lbs (4.385 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [1]  12.9 %
Diet [3]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Piscivore
Diet - Fish [3]  10 %
Diet - Invertibrates [3]  90 %
Forages - Underwater [3]  100 %
Clutch Size [2]  2
Clutches / Year [1]  1
Egg Length [1]  2.795 inches (71 mm)
Egg Width [1]  1.929 inches (49 mm)
Fledging [1]  65 days
Incubation [4]  35 days
Mating System [2]  Monogamy
Migration [4]  Interoceanic
Snout to Vent Length [1]  28 inches (71 cm)
Speed [5]  5.10 MPH (2.28 m/s)
Wing Span [6]  28 inches (.7 m)
Female Maturity [1]  4 years 11 months

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Climate Land
Use
Antipodes Subantarctic Islands tundra Australia, New Zealand Australasia Tundra    
Patagonian steppe Chile, Argentina Neotropic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands
Scotia Sea Islands tundra United Kingdom Antarctic Tundra    
Southern Indian Ocean Islands tundra South Africa, France, Australia Antarctic Tundra    
Tristan Da Cunha-Gough Islands shrub and grasslands United Kingdom Afrotropic Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands    

Protected Areas

Name IUCN Category Area acres Location Species Website Climate Land Use
Macquarie Island Nature Reserve Ia 233540 Tasmania, Australia  
Palmer LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research   Antarctica    
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands Marine Protected Area 264402758 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands      
Cape Peninsula National Park II 70141 Western Cape, South Africa

Important Bird Areas

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

Predators

Hydrurga leptonyx (Leopard seal)[4]
Orcinus orca (Killer Whale)[4]

Consumers

Parasitized by 
Austrogoniodes cristati[11]
Austrogoniodes macquariensis[11]
Contracaecum heardi[12]
Parapsyllus heardi[13]
Tetrabothrius eudyptidis[12]

Range Map

External References

Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
♦ 2Terje Lislevand, Jordi Figuerola, and Tamás Székely. 2007. Avian body sizes in relation to fecundity, mating system, display behavior, and resource sharing. Ecology 88:1605
♦ 3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
♦ 4Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
♦ 5TRAVELING SPEED AND FORAGING RANGE OF MACARONI AND ROCKHOPPER PENGUINS AT MARION ISLAND, CHRISTOPHER R. BROWN, J. Field Ornithol., 58(2):118-125
♦ 6Wildlife As Canon Sees It
♦ 7Studying Seabird Diet through Genetic Analysis of Faeces: A Case Study on Macaroni Penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus), Bruce E. Deagle, Nick J. Gales, Karen Evans, Simon N. Jarman, Sarah Robinson, Rowan Trebilco, Mark A. Hindell, PLoS ONE 2(9): e831
♦ 8THE DIETS AND DIETARY SEGREGATION OF SEABIRDS AT THE SUBANTARCTIC CROZET ISLANDS, VINCENT RIDOUX, MARINE ORNITHOLOGY Vol. 22 No. 1 1994
♦ 9Towards the trophic structure of the Bouvet Island marine ecosystem, U. Jacob, T. Brey, I. Fetzer, S. Kaehler, K. Mintenbeck, K. Dunton, K. Beyer, U. Struck , E.A. Pakhomov and W.E. Arntz, Polar Biology, 29 (2). pp. 106-113 (2006)
♦ 10Amphipod-based food web: Themisto gaudichaudii caught in nets and by seabirds in Kerguelen waters, southern Indian Ocean, Pierrick Bocher, Yves Cherel, Jean-Philippe Labat, Patrick Mayzaud, Suzanne Razouls, Pierre Jouventin, Marine Ecology Progress Series, Vol. 223: 261–276, 2001
♦ 11Species Interactions of Australia Database, Atlas of Living Australia, Version ala-csv-2012-11-19
♦ 12Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
♦ 13International Flea Database
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0