Animalia > Chordata > Squamata > Phrynosomatidae > Sceloporus > Sceloporus cowlesiSceloporus cowlesi (Fence Lizard; Northern fence lizard)Synonyms: Sceloporus undulatus cowlesi; Sceloporus undulatus speari The southwestern fence lizard (Sceloporus cowlesi) also known as the White Sands prairie lizard or the White Sands swift is species of spiny lizard native to the Chihuahuan Desert of the southwest United States and north-central Mexico. Described in 1956 as Sceloporus undulatus cowlesi, subspecies of the eastern fence lizard, DNA studies elevated the southwestern fence lizard to species status. The following cladogram is based on Leaché and Reeder, 2002, and shows the relationship of a S. cowlesi to other species in the "Sceloporus undulatus group". |
Adult Weight [1] | 8.5 grams | Birth Weight [1] | 1 grams | | Diet [2] | Carnivore | | Female Maturity [3] | 3 years | Male Maturity [3] | 3 years | | Gestation [1] | 45 days | Litter Size [1] | 7 | Litters / Year [1] | 3 | Reproductive Mode [4] | Oviparous | Snout to Vent Length [1] | 2.362 inches (6 cm) | | Habitat Substrate [2] | Arboreal |
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Name |
Countries |
Ecozone |
Biome |
Species |
Report |
Climate |
Land Use |
Allegheny Highlands forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Appalachian mixed mesophytic forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Appalachian-Blue Ridge forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Arizona Mountains forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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Atlantic coastal pine barrens |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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California Central Valley grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Central and Southern mixed grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Central forest-grasslands transition |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Central U.S. hardwood forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Chihuahuan desert |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Colorado Plateau shrublands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Colorado Rockies forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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East Central Texas forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Edwards Plateau savanna |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Flint Hills tall grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Meseta Central matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Middle Atlantic coastal forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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Mississippi lowland forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Nebraska Sand Hills mixed grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Northeastern coastal forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Northern short grasslands |
Canada, United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Ozark Mountain forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Piney Woods forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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Sierra Madre Occidental pine-oak forests |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
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Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
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Sinaloan dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
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Southeastern conifer forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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Southeastern mixed forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Broadleaf and Mixed Forests |
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Southern Pacific dry forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Dry Broadleaf Forests |
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Tamaulipan matorral |
Mexico |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Tamaulipan mezquital |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Deserts and Xeric Shrublands |
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Texas blackland prairies |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt pine-oak forests |
Mexico |
Neotropic |
Tropical and Subtropical Coniferous Forests |
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Wasatch and Uinta montane forests |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Coniferous Forests |
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Western Gulf Coastal grasslands |
Mexico, United States |
Nearctic |
Tropical and Subtropical Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Western short grasslands |
United States |
Nearctic |
Temperate Grasslands, Savannas, and Shrublands |
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Name |
IUCN Category |
Area acres |
Location |
Species |
Website |
Climate |
Land Use |
Amistad National Recreation Area |
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Texas, United States |
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Bandelier National Monument |
V |
8107 |
New Mexico, United States |
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Big Bend Biosphere Reserve National Park |
II |
815561 |
Texas, United States |
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Blackwater National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
19192 |
Maryland, United States |
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Bombay Hook National Wildlife Refuge |
VI |
16363 |
Delaware, United States |
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Canyonlands National Park |
II |
335430 |
Utah, United States |
|
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Carolinian-South Atlantic Biosphere Reserve |
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310228 |
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, United States |
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Central Gulf Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve |
|
40530 |
United States |
|
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Central Plains Biosphere Reserve |
|
15345 |
United States |
|
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|
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Chaco Culture National Historical Park |
V |
34277 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
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Chattahoochee River National Recreation Area |
V |
7622 |
Georgia, United States |
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Chickasaw National Recreation Area |
V |
7025 |
Oklahoma, United States |
|
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Coronado National Monument National Memorial |
III |
4360 |
Arizona, United States |
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Cumberland Island National Seashore |
II |
20629 |
Georgia, United States |
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El Malpais National Monument |
III |
109980 |
New Mexico, United States |
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El Morro National Monument |
V |
960 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
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Fort Caroline National Memorial |
III |
137 |
Florida, United States |
|
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Fort Davis National Historic Site |
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Texas, United States |
|
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George Washington Birthplace National Monument |
V |
435 |
Virginia, United States |
|
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Glen Canyon National Recreation Area |
V |
1087901 |
Arizona, Utah, United States |
|
|
|
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Grand Canyon National Park |
II |
1210128 |
Arizona, United States |
|
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Great Smoky Mountains National Park |
II |
515454 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
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Guadalupe Mountains National Park |
II |
46114 |
Texas, United States |
|
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Guilford Courthouse National Military Park |
V |
216 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
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Gulf Island National Seashore |
II |
67487 |
Florida, Mississippi, United States |
|
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|
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Harpers Ferry National Historical Park |
VI |
715 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
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|
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Homestead National Monument of America |
V |
850 |
Nebraska, United States |
|
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|
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Horseshoe Bend National Military Park |
V |
1926 |
Alabama, United States |
|
|
|
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Hovenweep National Monument |
V |
770 |
Colorado, Utah, United States |
|
|
|
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Jornada Biosphere Reserve |
Ib |
30913 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
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Lake Meredith National Recreation Area |
V |
|
Texas, United States |
|
|
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Land Between the Lakes Biosphere Reserve |
V |
166264 |
Kentucky, Tennessee, United States |
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Little River National Wildlife Refuge |
|
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Oklahoma, United States |
|
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Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve (Natn'l Park) National Park |
II |
51235 |
Kentucky, United States |
|
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|
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Montezuma Castle National Monument |
V |
872 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
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Moores Creek National Battlefield |
III |
100 |
North Carolina, United States |
|
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|
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Navajo National Monument |
V |
604 |
Arizona, United States |
|
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New Jersey Pinelands Biosphere Reserve |
|
|
New Jersey, United States |
|
|
|
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New River Gorge National River National River and Wild and Scenic Riverway |
V |
55591 |
West Virginia, United States |
|
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|
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Oak Ridge National Environmental Research Park |
|
20001 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
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Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
38256 |
Florida, United States |
|
|
|
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Pecos National Historical Park |
V |
6539 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Petrified Forest National Park |
II |
44522 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
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Pipe Spring National Monument |
V |
41 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
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Reserva de Mapimi Biosphere Reserve |
VI |
849819 |
Chihuahua, Mexico |
|
|
|
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Richmond National Battlefield Park |
III |
1517 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
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Salinas Pueblo Missions National Monument |
V |
1081 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Sevilleta LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
IV |
228335 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
|
Shortgrass Steppe LTER Site Long Term Ecological Research |
|
|
Colorado, United States |
|
|
|
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South Atlantic Coastal Plain Biosphere Reserve |
|
20317 |
South Carolina, United States |
|
|
|
|
Southern Appalachian Biosphere Reserve |
|
37548505 |
North Carolina, Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
|
Stones River National Battlefield |
III |
518 |
Tennessee, United States |
|
|
|
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Sunset Crater Volcano National Monument |
V |
3049 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
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Virginia Coast Biosphere Reserve |
|
33386 |
Virginia, United States |
|
|
|
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Walnut Canyon National Monument |
V |
3386 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
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Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge |
IV |
26618 |
Alabama, United States |
|
|
|
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White Sands National Monument |
III |
139922 |
New Mexico, United States |
|
|
|
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Wupatki National Monument |
III |
36098 |
Arizona, United States |
|
|
|
|
Zion National Park |
II |
135667 |
Utah, United States |
|
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Attributes / relations provided by ♦ 1Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109 ♦ 2Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org♦ 3de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774 ♦ 4Meiri, Shai (2019), Data from: Traits of lizards of the world: variation around a successful evolutionary design, Dryad, Dataset, https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.f6t39kj ♦ 5FOOD HABITS OF THE COPPERHEAD IN MIDDLE TENNESSEE, John S. Garton and Ralph W. Dimmick, Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science Volume 44, Number 4, October, 1969, pp. 113-117 ♦ 6Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database |
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0
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