Animalia > Chordata > Mammalia > Primates > Hominidae > Pongo > Pongo pygmaeus

Pongo pygmaeus (orangutan)

Synonyms: Simia pygmaeus

Wikipedia Abstract

The Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) is a species of orangutan native to the island of Borneo. Together with the Sumatran orangutan, it belongs to the only genus of great apes native to Asia. Like the other great apes, orangutans are highly intelligent, displaying advanced tool use and distinct cultural patterns in the wild. Orangutans share approximately 97% of their DNA with humans. The Bornean orangutan is a critically endangered species, with deforestation, palm oil plantations and hunting posing a serious threat to its continued existence.
View Wikipedia Record: Pongo pygmaeus

Infraspecies

Pongo pygmaeus morio (North-east Bornean Orangutan)
Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus (North-west Bornean Orangutan)
Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii (Central Bornean Orangutan)

Endangered Species

Status: Critically Endangered
View IUCN Record: Pongo pygmaeus

EDGE Analysis

Uniqueness Scale: Similiar (0) 
6
 Unique (100)
Uniqueness & Vulnerability Scale: Similiar & Secure (0) 
62
 Unique & Vulnerable (100)
ED Score: 13.63
EDGE Score: 4.76
View EDGE Record: Pongo pygmaeus

Attributes

Adult Weight [1]  123.46 lbs (56.00 kg)
Birth Weight [2]  3.829 lbs (1.737 kg)
Female Weight [1]  81.571 lbs (37.00 kg)
Male Weight [1]  165.348 lbs (75.00 kg)
Weight Dimorphism [1]  102.7 %
Diet [3]  Carnivore (Invertebrates), Carnivore (Vertebrates), Frugivore
Diet - Fruit [3]  80 %
Diet - Invertibrates [3]  10 %
Diet - Vertibrates [3]  10 %
Forages - Arboreal [3]  100 %
Female Maturity [2]  7 years
Male Maturity [2]  7 years
Gestation [2]  8 months 9 days
Litter Size [2]  1
Litters / Year [2]  0.2
Maximum Longevity [2]  59 years
Snout to Vent Length [5]  3.936 feet (120 cm)
Weaning [2]  2 years 9 months
Habitat Substrate [4]  Arboreal

Ecoregions

Name Countries Ecozone Biome Species Report Climate Land
Use
Borneo lowland rain forests Indonesia, Malaysia Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Borneo montane rain forests Indonesia, Malaysia Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Borneo peat swamp forests Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Southwest Borneo freshwater swamp forests Indonesia Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests
Sundaland heath forests Indonesia Indo-Malayan Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests

Protected Areas

Biodiversity Hotspots

Name Location Endemic Species Website
Sundaland Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand Yes

Prey / Diet

Prey / Diet Overlap

+ Click for partial list (100)Full list (205)

Consumers

Range Map

External References

Webcams

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San Diego Zoo's Ape Cam
Cam Time:
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Citations

Attributes / relations provided by
1Pongo pygmaeus, Colin P. Groves, MAMMALIAN SPECIES No. 4, pp. –6 (1971)
2de Magalhaes, J. P., and Costa, J. (2009) A database of vertebrate longevity records and their relation to other life-history traits. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 22(8):1770-1774
3Hamish Wilman, Jonathan Belmaker, Jennifer Simpson, Carolina de la Rosa, Marcelo M. Rivadeneira, and Walter Jetz. 2014. EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95:2027
4Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 01, 2010 at animaldiversity.org
5Nathan P. Myhrvold, Elita Baldridge, Benjamin Chan, Dhileep Sivam, Daniel L. Freeman, and S. K. Morgan Ernest. 2015. An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96:3109
6Fruit Preferences of Four Sympatric Primate Species at Ketambe, Northern Sumatra, Indonesia, Peter S. Ungar, International Journal of Primatology, Vol. 16, No. 2, 1995
7"Fig-eating by vertebrate frugivores: a global review", MIKE SHANAHAN, SAMSON SO, STEPHEN G. COMPTON and RICHARD CORLETT, Biol. Rev. (2001), 76, pp. 529–572
8Gibson, D. I., Bray, R. A., & Harris, E. A. (Compilers) (2005). Host-Parasite Database of the Natural History Museum, London
9Nunn, C. L., and S. Altizer. 2005. The Global Mammal Parasite Database: An Online Resource for Infectious Disease Records in Wild Primates. Evolutionary Anthroplogy 14:1-2.
Ecoregions provided by World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). WildFinder: Online database of species distributions, ver. 01.06 Wildfinder Database
Biodiversity Hotspots provided by Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund
Abstract provided by DBpedia licensed under a Creative Commons License
Species taxanomy provided by GBIF Secretariat (2022). GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/39omei accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-06-13; License: CC BY 4.0